摘要:18.The sun shines. It’s (sun) today.

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Antarctica(南极洲)is in the in the southern part of the world.It is like nowhere else on the earth.It is much larger than Europe,and nearly twice the size of Australia.The South Pole(南极)is at its center.Antarctica is the coldest and windiest place in the world,even colder and windier than the North Pole.In summer,the sun shines for twenty-four hours a day,but in winter it's completely dark for about three months.Very few plants grow there,but there is some wild life,including whales,seals,and penguins.

When Captain James Cook traveled around Antarctica in the 1770s by ship,be found no one living there.Today,a few scientists work in Antarctica,but they only spend a short time there.

Many scientists are studying the ozone layer,which is getting thinner and thinner worldwide.The biggest "hale" is above Antarctica,and the weather there is getting warmer.Scientists think that this cold and lonely place can teach us a lot about the earth and how to keep the earth safe.

1.When did Captain James Cook travel around Antarctica?

A.In the 1670s.                              B.In the 1760s.

C.In the 1770s.                              D.In the 1780s.

2.What does the underlined part "ozone layer" mean in Chinese?

A.冻土层                B.大气层                C.臭氧层                D.高压层

3.How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the passage?

A.Two.             B.Three               C.Four               D.Five

4.Which of the following is TRUE?

A.Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia.

B.Scientists spend a long time in Antarctica.

C.There is no plant growing in Antarctica.

D.In winter,it's dark for about 70 days in Antarctica.

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阅读理解。
     How could we tell time if there were no watches or clocks anywhere  in the world? The sun was 
probably the world's first  "clock" ,  except in  the far north, where the Eskimos (爱斯基摩人) live.  
There, it's  dark most of the winter, and light most of the summer.  But in most of  the world, people 
have used the sun for a clock.  Even today, if you  don't have a clock, you still know that when the sun 
shines, it's day,  and when it's dark,  it's night.  The sun can also tell you if it's morning,  noon, or 
afternoon.       
     People who live near the sea can tell time from the tides.  In the daytime, for about six hours, the 
water rises higher and higher on the   beach.  And then it goes down and down for about six hours. The 
same   thing happens again at night.  There are two high tides and two low tides every 24 hours.        
     Seamen on a ship learn how to tell time by looking at the moon and  the stars. The whole sky is their 
clock.        
     In some places in the world the wind comes up at about the same time every day or changes 
direction or stops blowing. In these places the wind can be the clock.       
     A sand clock is an even better clock.  If you had fine dry sand in a glass shaped like the one in the 
picture,  you would have what is called an hourglass. The sand in the hourglass goes from the top part 
to the bottom part in exactly one hour. When the hourglass is turned over, the sand will take another 
hour to go back again.   
1. According to the passage, there are ______ ways to tell time besides the clock and watch.
A. 3             
B. 4
C. 5             
D. 7
2. The Eskimos in the far north can't use the sun for a clock  because ______.                 
A.  they know very little about the sun                 
B.  the sun there never goes down in winter                
C.  it's too cold for them to go out to watch the sun                
D.  it has long dark winters and long light summers
3. The underlined word "tides" in the passage means  ______.         
A. 洋流            
B. 潮汐         
C. 海啸            
D. 波浪
4. In which page of a newspaper can you most probably read  this passage?           
A. News.               
B. Science.           
C. Business.           
D. Advertisement.
5. What's the best title for the passage?                 
A. Different Ways to Tell Time                 
B. Useful Machines to Tell Time                 
C. The History of the Clock                 
D. The Development of the Clock
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