摘要: You have to be operated on. 你得做手术.

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There are about 80,000,000 mines*  under the ground in more . than 60 countries. It is difficult and dangerous to clear these rnines, About 50  people including many children were’ killed ‘or htirt each iay.  In 2003,  APOPO,  a Dutch research com pan y that uains the an imals, came up with the-idea of s\ng rats to search for the mines.
The animal trainers ‘found that a kind of rats from Africa were clever and had.a sharp*  sense of smell.  The rats were about 75 cm long and.weighed about l.35 kg, light enough to run across a minefield without setting off the mines.
In January 2004, the APOPO started this project. First, the trainers let the 4-week-old baby rats get familiar with humans. A few weeks later, the rats were no Ionger afraid of people and ‘the things around them. Then they were trained to connect a click* sound with food. After the rats had leamed that, the trainers then taught them to tell the difference between the smell of mines and other smells. When the rats could do it, the click was sounded and they were given a bit of banana.  The method was called clicker training. “The training isn’t easy, said trainer Abdullah Mchomvu. “You have to be patient. Sometimes I get angry, but then again, I tell myself these are animals.”
After nine months’  training, the rats were taken to a minefiel山  They’ran across the minefield, stopped, sat and scratched the ground to tell the deminers*  that they smelt out’a mine.  Then the mine was cleared. It had  taken two ‘deminers  a day to clear a 200㎡ . minefield,  but with the help of two rats ‘they could finish it in two hours.
The rats and ~he deminers saved thousands of lives, “The rats did this job much better than we expected. So far they have helped to make almost 2,000,000㎡ of land safe. They are heroes,” said Bart Weeqens, the head of the APOPO.
【小题1】 The APOPO trained the rats to search for     .
A.childrenB.animalsC.minesD.bananas
【小题2】 While training the rats, the trainers have to be
A.patientB.cleverC.braveD.serious
【小题3】 How long did the training last?
A.Two hours.B.One day.C.Four weeks.D.Nine months.
【小题4】Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A.Each day about 200 people were killed or hurt by mines,
B.The APOPO started to train the rats in January 2004.
C.The trainers gave the rats food after they smelt out a mine.
D.The rats and the deminers saved thousands of lives.
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Nowadays in school life,a lot of students develop a fear of tests. It’s not because tests are something to be afraid of. Most students are afraid of tests mainly because they don’t have enough self-confidence and they don’t always think they are well prepared. If you follow the tips below, it’s not difficult to overcome(克服)your fear of tests.

People who know that they are not well-prepared are usually those who fear test most. However, most students don’t know when they are truly prepared for a test. As long as(只要) you know that you have studied well and long enough, you have reason to believe that you are well-prepared.

Be confident about yourself. Confidence before a test can bring about two things: either you fail the test and feel as if your confidence was unfounded(毫无根据)or you could actually do well in the test because of your confidence. Some students find that they experience the first result. However, this is only because those students might not have followed the first tip mentioned above. As long as you have studied well, you will be more confident of your chance to succeed in a test. If you feel as if you have not studied hard enough, then you will not be as confident as you should be.

Ask your teacher in advance(提前)about the material that is going to be covered in the test. In this way, you will know what you should prepare for and you can get confidence in the test. But you have to be brave enough to ask. Most students do not ask unless their teacher gives the information first, so make sure that you ask.

You should know that tests are only telling if you have got the knowledge, not how good or bad your IQ is. So, even if you do badly in one test, you should know that there are other tests to come. As long as you think that there is another tomorrow, you can overcome your fear of a test. However, make sure that you are going to prepare well for the other tests.

Fear can be a problem in the process of achieving success. However, with the right attitude(态度) and preparations, you can overcome your fear of tests by using these tips.

Title:  1. to overcome your fear of tests

 2.

Prepare well

You should make good preparations

If you have studied well and long enough, you would

be   3. that you are well-prepared.

Be  4. 

Confidence before a test can have two   5.

●You could fail the test and feel as if your confidence was unfounded.

●Your confidence could lead to your   6. in the test. 

Confidence comes from   7. hard enough.

Ask your teacher

You can ask your teacher what material the test will

 8.  .

Hold a positive attitude

Keep in mind that tests just   9. your knowledge and don’t lose heart because of one test failure.

Conclusion

 Right attitude and   10.are the key factors(因素) in overcoming your fear of tests.

 

 

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