阅读理解

　　Think rock, paper, scissors is a children’s game? Think again．

　　Top players from around the world came together in Toronto to compete for a ten thousand Canadian dollar prize and the title of world champion．

　　More than 500 players, including national champions from Australia, Norway and New Zealand, attended．

　　The simple game is often used to make decisions and solve some simple problems．

　　Players hold their fists closed and count to three before making a fist(rock), a flat hand(paper)or two fingers(scissors)．Paper covers rock, scissors cut paper and rock breaks scissors．

　　Players have different ideas about the history of the game, but it is commonly believed to have been played for centuries in Japan．

　　The Paper Scissors Stone Club opened in England in 1842 and players could play together there．

　　In 1918, the name was changed to World RPS Club and its headquarters moved from London to Toronto．

　　The world championship has been held since 2002, which is held once every year．

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阅读理解

　　You either have it, or you don't－a sense of direction, that is．But why is that some people would find their way across the Sahara without a map, while others can lose themselves in the next street?

　　Scientists say we're all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works．One theory(理论) is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it．Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don't have it, we lose it．

　　“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around,” says Jim Martland, Research Director of this project．“However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills．”

　　Jim Martland also emphasized(强调) that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction．He makes the following suggestions：

　　If you are using a map, turn it to the way you are facing．

　　If you leave your bike in a strange place, put it near something like a big stone or a tree．Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike．When you return, go back along the same route．

　　The simple way of finding your direction is by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or walls in the countryside to guide you．Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help you find out where you are．

　　Now you will never get lost again!

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