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even recognize one if you are looking right at it.
Lichens live on rocks, branches, houses, even metal street signs. You can find these colourful organisms
(有机体) almost everywhere-from deserts to rainforests, from Antarctica to Africa. They've traveled in outer
space, and some scientists think there might even be lichens on Mars.
What you probably don't realize is that a lichen is more than a single thing. It consists of two different types
of living organisms: a fungus (菌类) and an alga (藻类). Neither of these organisms is a plant, so the lichen isn't
a plant either.
Through photosynthesis (光合作用), the alga absorbs the sun's energy to make food for the fungus, which
is a place for the alga to live. However, the alga cannot leave the fungus.
Around the world, scientists have found tens of thousands of types of lichens. Many may not even have
been discovered yet. As scientists continue to find new kinds of lichens, they are also working to understand
how the lichens are connected to one another. By putting together a lichen family tree, they hope to understand
why so many different types of lichens have grown in so many places around the world.
Many researchers are trying to understand the basic facts of the organisms and their connections.
Researchers are also using lichens to examine the health of the environment.
B. There are more lichens than plants on the earth.
C. They are similar to the environment around them in colour.
D. They are too small to be easily seen by people.
B. It offers a living place for the fungus.
C. It makes the lichen a plant.
D. It can protect the fungus.
B. lichens don't have any differences in colour or size
C. lichens don't use photosynthesis like a green plant
D. scientists have discovered every kind of lichen
A. There will probably be no school on Mars.
B. It might take us two or three days to get to Mars.
C. There is a problem for us to live on Mars.
D. Food will not be the same.
E. First, people will have more space.
Many people believe that, by the year 2100, we will live on the planet Mars(火星). Here is what life could be like.
First of all, transport should be much better. By 2100, spaceship can travel at half the speed of light. 【小题1】
Secondly, humans need food, water and air to live. Scientists should be able to find plants that can grow on Mars. These plants will provide us with food and air.
【小题2】 We could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To prevent this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier.
Life on Mars will be better in many ways. 【小题3】 It is possible to live in a large building with many bedrooms. Then, robot will do most of the work, so we have more time for hobbies.
【小题4】 Every student can study, do their homework on the computer and take exams in online schools. Each student will also have their own online teacher called “e-teacher”.
However, in some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on the earth today. 【小题5】Meals will probably be in the shape of pills(药片) and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will make many people feel ill.
用所给词的适当形式填空(10分)
1.___________, our planet, Earth is becoming more and more crowded.(sad)
2.Most of my classmates had gone to celebrate Mr. Wang’s_________(44) birthday when I got there.
3.Humans on Mars will have to wear special boots to make___________(they) heavier.
4.The dancer fell down while she______________(spin) on the stage.
5.At present, it may be difficult to imagine_______________(develop) the desert.
6.The big prize is for one of the most famous_____________(invent).
7.I don’t think man will have robots______________(control) computers in the future.
8.Are you certain meals in the form of pills are much___________(taste)?
9.How many___________( toy) trains does your brother have?
10.The Summer Palace is a famous Chinese-style garden___________(build) in a natural landscape.
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根据句意或中英文提示写出所缺单词。
1. Water covers about three quarters of the earth’s ____________.(表面)
2. _____________(though) he is very clever, he doesn’t work hard at his lessons.
3. Are you ___________ (sure) Mr Wang will come to our meeting?
4. ______________ with life on Earth, life on Mars will be better in many ways.(比较)
5. The Great Wall is one of the ____________ (unusual things that fill people with surprise) in the world.
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Mr. Gregory Gale is one of the few people in England who are 100 years old. On the day of his birthday, he played a game of tennis and went for a long walk. A few days later a radio reporter came to his house and asked him if he had any “secrets of long life”. This is what Mr. Gale said, “No, I don’t know any secrets like that, but there are a few simple rules of good life. I’ve always kept them all my life. The first is this: Don’t listen to those fools who tell you to give up all the pleasures of life! The second is to enjoy all the pleasures of life in moderation(节制). For example, I’ve always smoked a few good cigars every day. Not many, mind you! Only two or three! I’ve always also drunk a little good wine with my meals, perhaps two or three glasses. The third rule is to take a little exercise every day. I’ve taken a little and on Saturdays I’ve played a little tennis or golf.”
【小题1】Which of the following isn’t true?
| A．Mr. Gale is still young. |
| B．Mr. Gale is 100 years old. |
| C．Mr. Gale is one of the oldest men in England. |
| D．Mr. Gale was interviewed by a radio reporter after his 100th birthday. |
| A．Playing. | B．Drinking. | C．Eating a lot. | D．Smoking. |
| A．Because he knows some “secrets of long life”. |
| B．Because he keeps a few simple rules of good life. |
| C．Because he gives up all the pleasures of life. |
| D．Because he enjoys all the pleasures of life without thinking of his health. |