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出关与毕侍郎①笺（清）洪亮吉
自渡风陵，易车而骑，朝发蒲坂，夕宿盐池，阴云蔽亏，时雨凌厉。自河以东，与关内稍异。土逼若衖②，涂危入栈。原林黯惨，疑披谷口之雾；衢歌哀怨，恍聆山阴之笛。
日在西隅，始展黄君仲则殡于运城西寺，见其遗棺七尺，枕书满箧，抚其吟案，则阿妳③之遗笺尚存；披其繐帷④，则城东之小史既去。盖相如病肺⑤，经月而难痊；昌谷⑥呕心，临终而始悔者也。犹复丹锅狼藉，几案纷披，手不能书，画之以指。此则杜鹃欲化，犹振哀音，鸷鸟将亡，冀留劲羽，遗弃一世之务，留连身后之名者也。
伏念明公生则为营薄宦，死则为恤衰亲，复发德音，欲梓遗集。一士之成，玉成终始，闻之者动容，受之者沦髓⑦。冀其游岱之魂，感恩而西顾；返洛之旐⑧，衔酸而东指。又况龚生竟夭，尚有故人；元伯虽亡，不无死友。他日传公风义，勉其遗孤，风兹来祀⑨，亦盛事也。
今谨上其诗及乐府共四大册。此君平生与亮吉雅故，惟持论不同，尝戏谓亮吉曰：“予不幸早死，集经君订定，必乖余之旨趣矣。”省其遗言，为之堕泪。今不敢辄加朱墨，皆封送阁下，暨与述庵廉使、东友侍读，共删定之。即其所就，已有可传，方乎古人，无愧作者。惟稿草皆其手写，别无副本，梓后尚望付其遗孤，以为手泽耳。
亮吉十九日已抵潼关，马上率启，不宣⑩。
【注】 ①毕侍郎：毕沅，乾隆时进士，官至湖广总督。②衖，同“巷”。 ③阿妳：母亲。④繐帷：灵账。 ⑤相如病肺：据《史记》载，司马相如“常有消渴疾。”消渴疾，如糖尿病，古人误以为肺病。⑥昌谷：唐朝诗人李贺 ⑦论髓：即沦肌浃髓，比喻感受之深。⑧旐：画龙蛇的旗，此指出丧时的灵旌。⑨风兹来祀：即劝勉后人。风“同讽”，劝。⑩率启：草率地禀告。不宣：不尽，即书不尽意的意思，旧书信的结尾词。
【小题1】对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是(3分)（ ）
| A．自渡风陵，易车而骑易：改换 | B．盖相如病肺病：疾病 |
| C．复发德音，欲梓遗集。梓：出版 | D．必乖余之旨趣矣。乖：背离 |
①遗弃一世之务，留连身后之名者也 ②生则为营薄宦
③省其遗言，为之堕泪 ④死则为恤衰亲
⑤复发德音，欲梓遗集 ⑥梓后尚望付其遗孤，以为手泽耳
| A．①②⑥ | B．①③④ | C．③④⑤ | D．②④⑤ |
| A．文章开始写旅途匆匆行踪，挚友新亡，心中苦悲；但作者没有孤立地去写这种心情，而是在描述沿途景象中，在情景交融中表现了哀伤之情。 |
| B．文章第二段将料理丧事的经过写得比较简单，但在泛泛地讲述事情时将丧事的处理和对挚友的回忆、评价、悼念，紧密结合在一起；同时也表达了对毕侍郎的感激之情。 |
| C．信中说：“盖相如病肺，经月而难痊；昌谷呕心，临终而始悔者也。”即是对黄仲则刻苦作诗的赞扬，也是对他不爱护身体的委婉批评。平日这样刻苦作诗，临终时必然对自己的诗作非常重视了，所以信中又说：“杜鹃欲化，犹振哀音；鸷鸟将亡，冀留劲羽。” |
| D．这封信感情诚挚，用典贴切，生动感人，从中不仅可以学习为文之法，也可以学习为友之道。 |
（1）见其遗棺七尺，枕书满箧，抚其吟案，则阿妳之遗笺尚存。（3分）
（2）此君平生与亮吉雅故，惟持论不同，尝戏谓亮吉曰。（3分） 查看习题详情和答案>>
Dear Annie,
I have never written a letter to a newspaper before, I have just never felt the need to do such a thing. I have always felt I was quite able to do everything by myself. But now I know I was wrong.
Sometimes you really need help in life, I guess. And that’s why I’m writing this letter to you.
I have a happy family. I love my children and they love me . I’m a mother of three children. I know well how to bring up (带大)children, and two of them are already over twenty, so it is nothing new for me.
But now I have a serious problem:the Internet problem. My little son is just sixteen, and I feel he should do a lot of homework now , but he doesn’t seem to be interested in it . He can happily spend six or eight hours at a time on the Tnternet every day , He chats with pelple that he has never met before , but speaks little to us .He does lots of useless things on the Internet. And he sees red if you ask him to do his homework.
I just want him to be a good student . Now he seldomdoes his lessons at home. I’m afraid he will drop behind in his class soon. His father is a doctor , a very kind man . He never seems to be afraid of his father.
What can I do ?And don’t tell to talk to him. We’ve tried that and it didn’t work. But this is really a big problem in our family. I have tried everything I can think of . I
wonder how the Internet is so attractive(有吸引力的).You’re my last hope. Please tell me what I can do!
Yours,
Ellen Smith
( ) 1. Mrs Snith wrote to Annie because .
A. she often asked others for help
B. she thought she was a great mother
C. she didn’t know how to stop his son surfing the Internet
D. she didn’t know how the Internet was so attractive
( ) 2.What might NOT Mrs Smith’s son do on the Internet?
A. Send e-mails to his friends B. Prepare for his lessons
C. Chat with strange people D.Read the news
( ) 3. What does the phrase “he sees red”mean in this passage?
A. He feels sorry B.He feels happy
C. He becomes frightened D. He becomes angry
( ) 4. What do you think of Mr.Smith?
A. An irresponsible(不负责任的)father who nerver taught his son
B. A very excellent doctor who was busy with his work and had no time to teach
his son
C. A very kind man who loved his son
D.A man who always made his son be afraid of him but failed
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先阅读短文，然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使全文在逻辑上正确。（提示：选项中有一个是多余的。）
go back / mad / need / mind / hurry up / polite
We asked some people what annoyed them. Here’s what they said:
I don’t like waiting in line when a shop assistant has a long telephone conversation. When that happens, I usualy say, “Would you 【小题1】 helping me?”And I don’t like it when shop assistants folow me around. Then I say, “Could you please no folow me around? I’l ask you if I 【小题2】 some help.”Usualy the shop assistants say they are sorry, but sometimes they get 【小题3】. If that happens, I won’t 【小题4】 to that store again.
I get annoyed when someone talks to me while I’m reading. This happens to me al the time in the school library. When it happens, I usualy talk to the person because I want to be 【小题5】. But because I’m polite, people don’t know I’m annoyed. So they do the same thing again. Perhaps in the future I should try not to be so annoyed.
从方框中选择恰当的句子完成对话，其中有两个多余项。
Sally and Li Ming are talking about making the delicious chicken.
L: The chicken tastes great.
S:1.
L: Could you tell me how to cook it? I want to have a try.
S: Of course. 2.
L:3.
S: Next, fill the chicken with many herbs, and put the chicken into the oven.
L: And then?
S:4.
L: That’s a long time.
S: Yeah. Finally when the chicken is ready, put it on the table and then cut it into slices.
L: Thanks for your recipe.
S:5.
A. You should cook the chicken in the oven for several hours.
B. Thanks for saying so.
C. What can I do for you?
D. My pleasure.
E. First, you need to clean the chicken.
F. I’m sorry. I don’t like it.
G. What’s the next?
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