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Throughout the world, boys and girls prefer to play with different types of toys. Boys typically like to play with cars and trucks, while girls typically choose to play with dolls. Why is this? A traditional sociological explanation is that boys and girls are socialized and encouraged to play with different types of toys by their parents, peers, and the “society”. Growing scientific evidence suggests, however, that boys’ and girls’ toy preferences may have a biological origin.
In 2002, Gerianne M. Alexander of Texas A&M University and Melissa Hines of City University in London surprised the scientific world by showing that monkeys showed the same sextypical toy preferences as humans. In the study, Alexander and Hines gave two masculine toys (a ball and a police car), two feminine toys (a soft doll and a cooking pot), and two neutral toys (a picture book and a stuffed dog) to 44 male and 44 female monkeys. They then assessed the monkeys’ preference for each toy by measuring how much time they spent with each. Their data showed that male monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the masculine toys, and the female monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the feminine toys. The two sexes did not differ in their preference for the neutral toys.
If children’ s toy preferences were largely formed by gender socialization, as traditional sociologists’ claim, in which their parents give “gender appropriate” toys to boys and girls, how can these male and female monkeys have the same preferences as boys and girls？They were never socialized by humans, and they had never seen these toys before in their lives.
61．Traditional sociologists believe boys’ and girls’ toy preferences ________.
A. are passed down from their parents B. are largely formed in later life
C. have nothing to do with gender socialization D. have a biological origin
62．The study by Alexander and Hines shows that monkeys________.
A. also have a sex typical toy preference B. also play toys as humans do
C. have no toy preferences D. like to play different toys at different time
63．Alexander and Hines carried out the study to ________.
A. find more evidence for traditional sociology
B. test the intelligence of monkeys
C. test whether monkeys like to play toys
D. find out why boys and girls prefer different toys
64．According to the study, if given a stuffed dog, ________.
A. only the male monkeys showed interest
B. the female monkeys showed more interest
C. the male and female monkeys showed the same interest
D. neither the male nor the female monkeys showed any interest
65．Masculine toys are mainly intended for________.
A. boys B. adult C. monkeys D. girls
查看习题详情和答案>>At the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris, the sport of canoe（赛艇）racing was added to the list of international competitions. The favorite team in the four-man canoe 1 was the United States team. One member of that team was a young man named Bill Havens.
As the 2 for the Olympics neared, it became clear that Bill’s wife would give 3 to their first child at about the same time, so Bill 4 himself in a dilemma（左右为难的困境）．Should he go to Paris or should he stay at home with his family and 5 about the Olympics? After all, competing in the Olympics was one of his lifelong 6 .
Bill, after a great deal of thinking, decided to withdraw from the competition.
7 it turned out, the United States four-man canoe team won the gold medal in Paris, and Bill’s wife was 8 in giving birth to their child. She was 9 late, in fact, that Bill could have 10 in the event and returned home in time.
It was a shame, but Bill said that he had no 11 . Bill knew what was most important to him and he 12 what he believed was best. Not everybody has the 13 of character to say no to something that he or she 14 wants in order to say yes to something that truly 15 .
There was a（n） 16 end to Bill’s story. The child 17 born to Bill and his wife was a boy whom they 18 Frank. Twenty-eight years later, in 1952, Bill 19 a telegram from Frank. It was sent from Helsinki, Finland, where the 1952 Olympics were being held. The telegram 20 :“Dad, I won. I’m bringing home the gold medal you lost the chance to win while waiting for me to be born.”
1．A．contest B．race C．sports D．game
2．A．year B．deadline C．time D．chance
3．A．birth B．baby C．help D．hand
4．A．found B．put C．thought D．trapped
5．A．expect B．compete C．comment D．forget
6．A．promises B．dreams C．journeys D．businesses
7．A．What B．As C．So D．That
8．A．early B．lucky C．late D．miserable
9．A．very B．too C．so D．much
10．A．taken B．finished C．fought D．competed
11．A．regrets B．advantages C．disappointments D．choices
12．A．did B．paid C．made D．lost
13．A．origin B．strength C．reason D．energy
14．A．apparently B．truly C．finally D．seemingly
15．A．wants B．needs C．values D．matters
16．A．expected B．annoying C．interesting D．disappointing
17．A．eventually B．fortunately C．actually D．initially
18．A．named B．marked C．expected D．indicated
19．A．sent B．accepted C．mailed D．received
20．A．showed B．read C．told D．noted
查看习题详情和答案>>Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class______ he had to meet his uncle at the air port.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
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