What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say, "I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself." In fact you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?

　 Professor Gerald Gullion of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a "white lie", such as a woman at a party telling another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liars hopes to profit or gain in some way.

Research has also been done into the changes of people’s behavior in a number of small, clearly unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now”. They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch (痒).

Another gesture which gives away is what the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls “the mouth cover”. He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood, as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.

Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.

1．According to the passage, a “white lie” seems to be a lie _______.

A．that other people have interest in

B．that other people cannot believe

C．told in order to avoid offending(冒犯) someone

D．told in order to take advantage of someone

2．Research suggests that women _______.

A．are better at telling lies than men do　　 B．generally lie far more than men

C．often make promises they later break　 D．lie at parties more often than men do

3．Researchers find that　 when a person tells lies．

A．his or her blood pressure increases greatly

B．he or she looks very serious and moves about more

C．he or she tends to make small changes in his behavior

D．he or she uses his unconscious mind

4．One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they lie is that_______

A．1ying causes a slight increase in blood pressure

B．the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying

C．they want to cover their mouths

D．they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies

5．Which of the following may best betray (出卖) a liar?

A．The touching of the tip of one’s nose． B．The change of one’s behavior.

C．“The mouth cover” gesture.　　　　　 D．The situations in which his lies are told．

.

For a long time, being happy was considered something that just happened, and there was nothing special about it. Now we know it is something that we can work at.

You are happy if you get along well with others. To make people like you better, you should be unselfish, not wanting everything from your friends. Another way is to look for good points, not bad ones in other people. It is surprising how successful this can be.

You don’t have to be spineless (没有骨气的) in order to be popular. In fact, you will be liked and respected if you are not afraid to stand up for your rights. But do it politely and pleasantly. It is one way to develop a good character if you are friendly and polite to your group, to other people and to strangers and especially to those who do not look important or do not interest you.

    Second, you must learn not to be unhappy when you make mistakes. You can not expect to be perfect, and everyone makes mistakes. No one is to be blamed (责备) unless he refuses to learn from them. Many young people become discouraged when they know in themselves qualities that they do not like — selfishness, laziness, and other unpleasant qualities. Just remember that we all have some of these faults and have to fight against them.

    At the same time, it is important to remember that, while you are probably no worse than others, the best way to be happy is to think yourself above other people. When something is wrong, it is good sense to try to make it right. Perhaps you don’t like a teacher or a classmate. Try to see why, and look at yourself, too, to be sure that you are not doing anything to make that person dislike you. Some day, things may turn out all right and then you will have to learn to get along the best with the situation, without thinking too much about it. Worrying never helps in a situation you can’t change.

67. Which of the following is suggested in the passage?

   A. Draw attention of our friends.

   B. Ask for the best share of everything.

   C. Look for faults that are shared among people.

   D. Pay more attention to other people’s strong points.

68. According to the passage, if we want to be popular, we should ______.

   A. be polite and friendly

   B. give up some rights

   C. never argue with other people

   D. be ready to change our character

69. One should be blamed if he or she ______.

   A. is not better than others

   B. is selfish and lazy

   C. does not draw a lesson from his or her mistakes

   D. has some unpleasant qualities

70. The writer will possibly agree with the following EXCEPT that ______.

   A. no one is perfect

   B. every person has their own advantages over others

   C. getting worried helps to change the situation for the better

   D. self-examination is necessary if something is wrong

71. The author writes the passage in order to ______.

   A. teach you how to make yourself perfect

   B. show you how to be happy

   C. tell you how to act when in trouble

   D. teach you how to be popular among your friends

What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say, "I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself." In fact you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?

    Professor Gerald Gullion of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a "white lie", such as a woman at a party telling another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liars hopes to profit or gain in some way.

Research has also been done into the changes of people’s behavior in a number of small, clearly unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now”. They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch (痒).

   Another gesture which gives away is what the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls “the mouth cover”. He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood, as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.

Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.

41. According to the passage, a “white lie” seems to be a lie _______.

   A. that other people have interest in

   B. that other people cannot believe

   C. told in order to avoid offending(冒犯) someone

   D. told in order to take advantage of someone

42. Research suggests that women _______.

A. are better at telling lies than men do

B. generally lie far more than men

C. often make promises they later break

D. lie at parties more often than men do

43. Researchers find that    when a person tells lies．

A. his or her blood pressure increases greatly

B. he or she looks very serious and moves about more

C. he or she tends to make small changes in his behavior

D. he or she uses his unconscious mind

44. One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they lie is that_______

   A.1ying causes a slight increase in blood pressure

   B. the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying

   C. they want to cover their mouths

   D. they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies

45. Which of the following may best betray (出卖) a liar?

   A. The touching of the tip of one’s nose．

   B. The change of one’s behavior.

   C. “The mouth cover” gesture.

   D. The situations in which his lies are told．

    Professor Jerald Jullion of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a“white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention (意图) of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at the lie from which the liar hopes to profit (获利) or gain in some way.

    Research has also been done into the changes of people’s behavior in a number of small, clearly unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer (观察者) they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now”. They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch (发痒).

    Another gesture which gives liars away is that the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls “the mouth cover”. He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.

    Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture along that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.

    1. According to the passage a“white lie”seems to be a lie ________.

    A. that other people believe

    B. that other people don’t believe

    C. told in order to avoid offending (冒犯) someone

    D. told in order to take advantage of someone

    2. Research suggests that women ________.

A. are better at telling lies than men do

B. generally lie far more than men

C. often make promises they intend to break

D. lie at parties more often than men do

    3. Researchers find that when a person tells lies ________.

    A. his blood pressure increases measurably

    B. he looks very serious

    C. he tends to make some small changes in his behaviors

    D. he uses his unconscious mind

    4. One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they lie is that ________.

    A. they wish they were somewhere else

    B. the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying

    C. they want to cover their mouths

    D. they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies

    5. Which of the following may best betray (出卖) a liar?

    A. The touching of the tip of one’s nose.     B. The change of one’s behaviors.

C. “The mouth cover”gesture. 　　　　　　　　　　 D. The situations in which his lies are told.

What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that ? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say “I wish I could help you but I’m short of money myself”. In fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?

    Professor Jerald Jullion of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a“white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention (意图) of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at the lie from which the liar hopes to profit (获利) or gain in some way.

    Research has also been done into the changes of people’s behavior in a number of small, clearly unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer (观察者) they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now”. They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch (发痒).

    Another gesture which gives liars away is that the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls “the mouth cover”. He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.

    Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture along that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.

    1. According to the passage a“white lie”seems to be a lie ________.

    A. that other people believe

    B. that other people don’t believe

    C. told in order to avoid offending (冒犯) someone

    D. told in order to take advantage of someone

    2. Research suggests that women ________.

A. are better at telling lies than men do

B. generally lie far more than men

C. often make promises they intend to break

D. lie at parties more often than men do

    3. Researchers find that when a person tells lies ________.

    A. his blood pressure increases measurably

    B. he looks very serious

    C. he tends to make some small changes in his behaviors

    D. he uses his unconscious mind

    4. One reason people sometimes rub their noses when they lie is that ________.

    A. they wish they were somewhere else

    B. the nose is sensitive to physical changes caused by lying

    C. they want to cover their mouths

    D. they are trying to stop themselves from telling lies

    5. Which of the following may best betray (出卖) a liar?

    A. The touching of the tip of one’s nose.     B. The change of one’s behaviors.

C. “The mouth cover”gesture. 　　　　　　　　　　 D. The situations in which his lies are told.