阅读理解

Hints on safety

　　Nearly everyone is attracted to water, whether it be the sea, canals, rivers or the village pond．Beautiful as it is, water should be regarded with respect as it can be dangerous．Around 300 children up to the age of ten die each year from drowning．It should be every parent’s responsibility to ensure that both he and the children swim safely and that as the child gets older, he has some knowledge of life-saving and artificial respiration(人工呼吸)．

　　The basic rules of water safety are：

　　－don’t leave small children playing alone in water

　　－never swim an hour before or an hour after a main meal

　　－if it’s a danger area, find out before you start swimming where the lifeguard is or where a life-belt is available

　　－as children get older, try to teach them to remain calm in an emergency

　　－look out for warning signs to see whether you’re in a danger area (see under this)．Be especially careful of inland stretches of water-pools, reservoirs(水库)and dykes(沟)where there are often fewer people about than at the seaside．

　　YOU SHOUID KNOW

　　THE NATIONAL CODE FOR BATHERS－the code deals with warnings that indicate“Unsafe to Bathe”．

　　1．Colour：red, UNSAFE TO BATHE, do not enter the water．

　　2．Colour：red board, with lettering．UNSAFE TO BATHE AT ALL TIMES．

Lifesaving equipment is also painted red for easy identification．

　　3．Colour：red and yellow．PATROLLED(巡逻)BATHING AREAS．Bathing areas with life-saving facilities provided by patrols of lifeguards．

　　4．Colour：black and white check．SURFING(冲浪)AREA．Area set aside for surfing or surfing board riding．

　　5．Colour：white and blue．The divers’ flag means DIVERS DOWN．Boat users keep well clear of this area．

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阅读理解

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　　For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming home to an empty house．Some deal with the situation by watching TV．Some may hide．But all of them have something in common．They spend part of each day alone．They are called latchkey children．They're children who look after themselves while their parents work．And their bad condition has become a subject of concern．

　　Lynette Long was once the headmistress of an elementary school．She said, "We had a school rule against wearing jewelry．A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened．I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts．There were so many keys．It never came to my mind what they meant．" Slowly, she learned they were house keys．

　　She and her husband began talking to the children who had them．They learned of the impact(影响)working couples and single parents were having on their children．Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone．One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being scared．Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety．

　　The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding．It might be in a shower stall, under a bed, or in a closet．The second is TV．They'll often play it at high volume．It's hard to get statistics(情况)on latchkey children, the longs learned．Most parents are slow to admit they leave their children alone．

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