By 2012，the world may need to cope with as many as 50 million people who have fled their homeland，not for political or economic reasons but because the environment has been so badly changed that it cannot support life. The statement has been released by the United Nations to mark UN Disaster Reduction Day.
More people are made homeless by environmental disasters than by war，according to the research by the Red Cross. That reality is proved by the earthquake in Pakistan.
The widely publicized disaster has brought aid from the global community，according to Janos Bogardi，director of the United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security. “If we can move swiftly in and give them a new start where they are，then they may stay in the area. Otherwise，they become environmental refugees. Environmental­related migrations are most acute in Sub­Saharan Africa，but they also affect millions of people in Asia and India. Meanwhile，the United States is witnessing increased pressure from victims of mismanaged and worsening soil and water conditions in Mexico and Latin America.” he says. Janos Bogardi says these refugees suffer from the impact of gradual environmental change—global warming，sea level rise，air and water pollution and more intense storms，floods and droughts that degrade the land. This is a slow process，but unfortunately a process that is very difficult to go backwards once final damage is done.
Janos Bogardi says they are calling on the global community to recognize the serious situation of environmental refugees and to work together to lessen the impact of environmental disaster.
【小题1】What may be the best title of the passage?

完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1分；满分20分）

阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从 21～40 各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

Once upon a time, there was a herd of forest deer. In this herd was a wise and respected     21  , tricky in the ways of deer. He taught the tricks and strategies of   22   to the young fawns.

One day, his younger sister brought her son to him, to be taught   23   is so important for deer. She said, "Oh brother teacher, this is my son. Please   24   him the tricks and strategies of deer." The teacher said to the fawn, "  25  , you can come at this time tomorrow for your first lesson."

  26  , the young deer came to the lessons as he was   27   to. But soon, he became more interested in playing with the other young bucks  28  does（雌鹿）. He didn't  29  how dangerous it   30   be for a deer who learned nothing but deer games. So he started cutting classes. Soon he was playing hooky all the time.

  31  , one day the fawn who played hooky   32   in a snare and was trapped. Since he was missing, his mother   33  . She went to her brother the teacher, and asked him, "My  brother, how is my son? Have you taught your   34   the tricks and strategies of deer?"

The teacher replied, "My  sister, your son was   35   and unteachable. Out of respect for you, I tried my best to teach him. But he did not want to learn the tricks and strategies of deer. He played hooky! How could I   36   teach him? You are obedient and faithful, but he is not. It is useless to try to teach him."

Later they heard the   37   news. The naughty fawn who played hooky had been   38 and killed by a   39  . He skinned him and took the meat home to his family.

The moral is:   40   can be learned from a teacher by one who misses the class.

A. leader          B. student      C. pupil            D. teacher

   A. survival     B. approval     C. arrival          D. travel

   A. that         B. what         C. how          D. it

   A. learn            B. study            C. teach            D. bring

   A. How simple   B. Very well        C. Quite easy       D. What a pity

   A. At first     B. For the first        C. The first time   D. Firstly

   A. preserved        B. thought      C. supposed     D. suspected

.  A. nor          B. or           C. but          D. and

   A. realize          B. orgnize      C. admit            D. clarify

   A. should           B. could            C. would            D. must

   A. Generally        B. Luckily      C. However      D. Unfortunately

   A. banned       B. caught           C. stepped      D. broke

   A. fainted      B. delighted        C. shocked      D. worried

   A. uncle            B. aunt         C. nephew       D. niece

   A. dishonest        B. disobedient      C. inconvenient D. unbelievable

A. possibly        B. likely           C. necessarily      D. logically

   A. rare         B. good         C. sad          D. popular

   A. bought       B. kidnapped        C. transported      D. trapped

   A. hunter           B. researcher       C. advocator        D. settler

   A. Anything     B. Nothing      C. Something    D. Everything

Japanese students work very hard but many are very unhappy. They feel great pressure from their parents to do well in school and in college. Most students are always being told by their parents to study harder so that they can have successful future. Although this may be good advice for those who are very bright, it can have very bad results for many students who are not quick enough at learning.

Unfortunately, a number of students actually kill themselves. Others are after comfort in using drugs. Some students, however, do bad things with groups of bad people and turn to crime. Many of them have tried very hard at school but, in spite of all their tries, have failed in certain examinations and have disappointed their parents. Such students feel that they are less important than everyone else they meet and leave school before they finish their study.

It is surprising that although most Japanese parents are anxious for their children to do well at school, they do not help them in any way. Many parents feel that they are unable to help their children with their lessons and that it is the teachers’ job to help their children.

To make matter worse, a lot of parents send their children to special schools called juku-cram schools. These schools are open during the evenings and on weekends, and their only purpose is to prepare students to pass exams; they do not try to educate students in any real sense of the world. Thus comes a shock to realize that almost three quarters of the junior high school students attend these cram schools.

Ordinary Japanese schools usually have rules about everything from the length of students’ hair to their clothes and things in their school bags. Child psychologists now think that such strict rules often lead to a feeling of being unsafe and being unable to fit into society. They believe that no sense of moral(道德) values is developed and that students are given neither guidance nor training in becoming good citizens.

1.Many Japanese students are unhappy at school because          .

2.How many unexpected things will some of Japanese students do when they are not doing well in their studies?

3.What’s some experts’ opinion about Japanese school rules?

4.According to the third paragraph, who have not tried their best?

5.choose the best title for this passage:

A. Poor students in Japan

B. poor students in campus in Japan

C. wrong educational system in Japan

D How to develop a student

A certain good woman one day said something that hurt her best friend of many years. She regretted it immediately and would have done anything to have taken the words back. So she went to an older, wiser woman in the village and 21 advice.

Listening to her, the older woman 22 the younger woman’s distress and knew she must help her. She also knew she could 23 ease her pain, but she could teach.

Then, she said. “There are 24 things you need to do. The first is extremely difficult. Tonight, Take your best 25 pillows and open a small hole in each one. Then, 26 the sun rises, you must put a single feather on the doorstep of each house in town. When you are through, 27 to me. If you’ve done the first thing 28, I’ll tell you the second.”

The young woman hurried home to prepare for her chore, 29 the pillows were very 30 to her and very expensive.

All night long, she went from doorstep to doorstep. Her fingers were 31. The wind was so sharp that it caused her eyes to water, but she ran on through the 32 streets, 33 there was something she could do to put things 34 the way they once were. Finally she placed the last feather on the steps of the last house. Just as the sun rose, she returned to the older woman.

She was exhausted but 35 ,thinking that her efforts would be rewarded.

“Now,” said the wise woman, “Go back and 36 your pillows. Then everything will be as it was before.”

The young woman was stunned, “You know that’s impossible! The wind 37 each feather as fast as I placed them on the doorsteps! You didn’t say I had to get them back! If this is the second 38, then things will never be the same.”

“That’s true,” said the older woman. “Never forget. Each of your words is like a feather in the wind. Once 39, no amount of effort, 40 how heartfelt or sincere, can ever return them to your mouth. Choose your words well and guard them most of all in the presence of those you love.”

A. asked about        B. asked for              C. asked to         D. ask around

A. witnessed           B. touched                C. guessed         D. sensed

A. ever                  B. almost                  C. never                   D. seldom

A. one                    B. two                       C. three              D. four

A. feather               B. leather                  C. woolen          D. cotton

A. when                  B. after                     C. as                  D. before

A. come back          B. go back                 C. put back        D. draw back

A. promptly           B. absolutely             C. completely    D. unfortunately

A. so as to              B. even though          C. now that        D. in spite of

A. hard                   B. rare                      C. nice              D.

A. freezing              B. freezingly             C. froze             D. frozen

A. brightened         B. widened               C. darkened       D. broadened

A. amazing            B. lucky                          C. thankful        D. surprising

A. on                     B. up                        C. off                D. back

A. tired                  B. relieved                C. grateful         D. nervous

A. refill                 B. get                       C. purchase        D. seek

A. blew up             B. blew on                C. blew away      D. blew over

A. requirement       B. situation               C. consequence   D. circumstance

A. speak                 B. spoken                  C. speaking         D. being spoken

A. however             B. whatever                C. although        D. regardless

A father sat at his desk poring over his monthly bills when his young son rushed in and announced, "Dad, because this is your birthday and you're 40 years old, I'm going to give you 40 kisses, one for each year!" When the boy started making good on his word, the father cried out suddenly, "Oh, Andrew, don't do it now; I'm too busy!"

The youngster immediately fell silent as tears welled up in his big blue eyes．Apologicaliy the father said, "You can finish later．"

The boy said nothing but quietly walked away, disappointment written over his face．That evening the father said, "Come and finish the kisses now, Andrew!" But the boy didn't respond．

Unfortunately, a few days later after this incident, the boy had an accident and was drowned．His heartbroken father wrote．．．

"If only I could tell him how much I regret my thoughtless words, and could be sure that he knows how much my heart is aching．"

Love is not only giving．Any loving act must be warmly accepted or it will be taken as rejection and can leave a scar．If we are too busy to give and receive love, we are too busy! Nothing is more important than responding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us, because there may be no chance at all as in the case of the little boy．

What does the underlined phrase "poring over" mean?

       A．looking in on                       B．looking out for

       C．looking through                     D．looking around

The boy is going to give his father 40 kisses because ______．

       A．his father is very busy

       B．this is the boy' birthday

       C．the boy wants to play with his father

       D．this is his father' birthday and he's 40 years old

What happened to the youngster later?

       A．His heart was broken．            B．．He died unexpectedly．

       C．He ran away from home．        D．He fell silent all the time．

Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

       A．A Love Story                    B．Love Your Son

       C．A Father and a Son                D．Love is a Two-way Street