摘要: 提前告诉他们会议的日期是有必要的. that we them of the date of the meeting in advance.

网址:http://m.1010jiajiao.com/timu_id_1158515[举报]

 

A study published in September suggests there is a surprising way to get people to avoid unhealthy foods: change their memories. Scientist Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California at Irvine asked volunteers to answer some questions on their personalities (个性) and food experiences. “One week later,” Loftus says, “we told those people we’d fed their answers into our smart computer and it came up with an account of their early childhood experiences.” Some accounts included one key additional detail (细节). “You got sick after eating strawberry ice-cream.” The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured (人为促成的) memory through leading questions --- Who were you with? How did you feel? By the end of the study, up to 41% of those given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said they’d avoid eating it.

When Loftus published her findings, she started getting calls from people begging her to make them remember hating chocolate or French fries. Unfortunately, it’s not that easy. False memories appear to work only for foods you don’t eat on a regular basis. But most important, it is likely that false memories can be implanted (灌输) only in people who are unaware of the mental control. And lying to a patient is immoral, even if a doctor believes it’s for the patient’s benefit.

Loftus says there’s nothing to stop parents from trying it with their overweight children. “I say, wake up --- parents have been lying about Father Christmas for years, and nobody seems to mind. If they can prevent diseases caused by fatness and all the other problems that come with that, you might think that’s more moral lie. Decide that for yourself.”

一个人的饮食习惯的能改变?一个善意的谎言是怎样做到的?

1.Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions?

   A. To improve her computer program.

   B. To find out their attitudes towards food.

   C. To find out details she can make use of.

   D. To predict what food they’ll like in the future.

2.What did Loftus find out from her research?

   A. People believe what the computer tells them.

   B. People can be led to believe in something false.

   C. People tend to forget their childhood experiences.

   D. People are not always aware of their personalities.

3.According to the study, people may stop having a certain food if they _______.

   A. learn it is harmful for health

   B. lie to themselves that they don’t want it

   C. are willing to let doctors control their minds

   D. think they once had a bad experience of eating it

4.What is the biggest concern with the method?

   A. Whether it is moral.            B. Who it is best for.

   C. When it is effective.            D. How it should be used.

 

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    第一节  听力理解(5段共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

    每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题,各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据    各段播放内容及其相关小题,在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

听第一段对话,回答第1—3题。

1.What does the girl want her father to buy7

   A. A ruler.   B. High-tech things.   C. Pencils and erasers.

2.Which of the following does the father consider buying for his daughter?

   A. A calculator.    B. A computer.    C. An MP3.

3.Which of the following could be a reason for her father to buy what she wants7

    A. She volunteers to use some of her own money.

    B. She asks her father to buy a cheap one online.

C. She tells her father she is the best in school.

听第二段对话,回答第4—6题。

4.What do the speakers think of San Francisco?

   A. It is a big city.   B. They both love the city.   C. It isn't so expensive to live there.

5.What does the woman think of cell phone interruption?

   A. She likes it.   B. She doesn't mind it.   C. She considers it rude.

6.What reason does the man give to answer his cell phone?

    A. He feels like answering.

    B. He wants to know who's calling.

    C. He thinks that it could be something important.

听第三段对话,回答第7—9题。

7.What is the man complaining about?

   A. Not accepting any gift from his friend.

   B. Not receiving any answer from his friend.

   C. Not hearing any good news from his friend.

8.According to the woman, when should you write a thank-you card?

   A. You receive a gift from your friend.

   B. You are invited to a birthday party.

   C. You spend a holiday with your friend.

9.What's the speakers' attitude towards writing thank-you cards?

   A. They think it out-dated. B. They think it inconvenient.

   C. They think it good to keep the custom.

听第四段独白,回答第10—12题。

10.What does the speaker imply about traffic in big cities?

   A. Buses are slow, but comfortable.

   B. Parking in the rush hour is very difficult.

   C. All the people use private transport instead of public transport.

11.What does the speaker recommend to do to improve the situation?

   A. To enlarge city centers.

   B. To move to the areas outside the city.

   C. To make good use of existing space.

12.How many aspects of our lives does the speaker mention as affected by overcrowding?

    A. Two.  B. Three. C. Four.

听第五段对话,回答第13—15题。

13.Why does the man like The Times?

     A. It has 20 pages every day.

     B. It carries a lot of sports news.

     C. It doesn't devote 5 pages every day to baseball results.

14.In what way is the jobs section on The Times useful to the local people?

     A. It carries job ads from the local businesses.

     B. It is the place where local businesses hire people.

     C. It provides much information about local economy.

15.What does the woman think will happen to job ads if The Times closes down?

     A. The other two newspapers will open a local jobs newspaper.

     B. The local economy will be much affected but not destroyed.

     C. The job ads will be carried in either of the other two newspapers.

第二节  听取信息(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)

听下面一段独白,请根据题目要求,从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息,填入答题卡  标号为16.—20.的空格中。听录音前,你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍,你将有80秒钟的作答时间。

Season

Period

Temperature

Weather

Activities

winter

December~early March

Drop (16.)     

snowy

skiing, snowshoeing

spring

from(17.)     

around 50 degrees during the day

windy

going on a picnic, strolling through parks and playing (18.)     

summer

from June

around 80 defrees

rry with (19.)  

hiking, fishing, etc.

fall

from late September

 

cool

rriving into the mountains, viewing the fall colors, cleaning up (20.)      

 

 

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