4.Nations must learn to think globally because_______.

A.　　 communication technologies will solve our problems

B.　　　 large businesses will spread around the world

C.　　　 changes in the world require stronger nations

D.　　 that is the only way to solve global problems

3.The solution to ocean pollution requires global thinking because____________.

A.　　 no one cares about the ocean

B.　　　 the oceans are so large.

C.　　　 more oil is needed in the developing countries.

D.　　 all the world's oceans are connected.

2. Until now, most nations thought that ____________.

A.　　 all countries should share their problems.

B.　　　 all nations were enemies.

C.　　　 Each nation should take care of its own problems.

D.　　 What happens in China affects everyone.

At the end of the 20^th century, the world is changing in important ways. Until　recently, nations acted independently. Each country did its business and tried to solve its problems alone. But now, the economy is worldwide and communications technologies have connected people all over the globe. Many problems are global, too, and can no longer be solved by individual nations.

Environmental destruction is one of these problems. As the world's population has grown and technology has developed, the environment has suffered. Some nations have begun to try to stop the pollution and the environmental destruction. But the environment is global---the atmosphere, the oceans, and many forms of life are all connected. Thus, the solution requires global thinking. The problem of ocean pollution is a good example. All the oceans of the world are connected. Pollution　doesn't stay where it begins. It spreads out from every river and every harbor and affects bodies of water everywhere.

For centuries, people have used the oceans as dumping place. Many cities take tons of garbage out to sea and dump it there. The quantity of garbage that ends up in the water is　incredible. Five million plastic containers are thrown into the world's ocean. These include human waste and chemicals used in agriculture. And every year, oil tankers accidentally spill millions of gallons of oil into the sea.

Some people believe that the oceans are so large that chemicals and waste will disappear. However, many things, such as chemicals and plastics, stay in the water and create problems. They eventually float to shore and are eaten by tiny sea creatures. Then the larger animals that eat　the tiny creatures are poisoned and die. Harbors and coasts around the world have become　unsafe for humans or animals. The world's fish populations are rapidly shrinking. Another global pollution, problem concerns the atmosphere. Until recently, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were used around the world in manufacturing refrigerators. Scientists discovered that these CFCs were destroying the ozone layer in the atmosphere. The ozone layer helps protect the earth from the sun's rays. without this layer, most forms of life on earth----including humans----probably would not be able to live.

CFCs will soon be completely banned in the United States and in most developed countries are some of the most populous on earth, such as India and China. These countries need to change their refrigerator factories to non-CFC processes. But they may not be able to make this change alone. They will need help from the industrialized countries. This is what global thinking means----working together for solutions.

1.This passage is about ___________.

A.　　 are pollution 　

B.　　　 old ways of thinking

C.　　　 global thinking

D.　　 refrigerator factories in China

4. Cloze

This summer, heavy rains have caused huge floods which have killed more than 1,000 people and 　(1)　 　more than 1 million homeless in China and Eastern Europe. Scientists at the Earth Summit said 　(2)　 　these natural disasters were a wake-up call for human beings to 　(3)　 　more quickly to stop the planet from becoming too hot.

The United Nations has made the environment one of the 　(4)　 　areas for discussion at the summit in Johannesburg, South Africa. About 65,000 people from 185 countries are attending the meeting, which is being held from August 26 　(5)　 　September 4.

Scientists say that many things that humans have been doing over the past 100 years, 　(6)　 　deforestation (采伐森林) and sending greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, have changed the 　(7)　 　of the earth.

Robert Watson, the UN's 　(8)　 　scientist, believes the earth's temperature could 　(9)　 　by up to 5.8 degrees centigrade over the 　(10)　 　century.

"This change will 　(11)　 　more extreme weather patterns, such as floods and droughts," he said at the summit.

This summer the central and southern China have faced floods 　(12)　 　deforestation and soil erosion (水土流失).　 (13)　 , much of the country is suffering from drought.

The very serious water shortages, the worst in the past 100 years, have 　(14)　 　about 1 million people in Shandong Province. The region 　(15)　 　just half its normal yearly rainfall from June 1 to August 29. Farmers have had to buy water from other places.

The Chinese officials at the Earth Summit say greenhouse gases are one of the country's biggest 　(16)　 　problems. This is because these gases are one of the biggest reasons why there has been such a great change in the earth's climate.

As more people use more cars, more gases will be sent into the air, which will cause the earth to get warmer.

"The situation will become worse 　(17)　 　China doesn't choose the right means of transport," said Liao Xiaoyi, president of the non-governmental group Global Village. "It's very important for China to 　(18)　 　its public transport instead of private cars."

Besides climate change, other important 　(19)　 　will be discussed during the summit. They 　(20)　 　how to deliver food, water and sanitation to the poor, and how to maintain the biodiversity (保持生物多样化).

⑴A. had　　　　　　　 B. left　　　　　　　　　 C. kept　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. led

⑵A. if　　　　　　　　　 B. how　　　　　　　　　 C. that　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. why

⑶A. act　　　　　　　　 B. access　　　　　　　 C. defend　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. affect

⑷A. huge　　　　　　 B. small　　　　　　　　 C. limited　　　　　　　　　　 D. key

⑸A. upon　　　　　　 B. since　　　　　　　　 C. until　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. within

⑹A. that is　　　　　　 B. such as 　　　　　　 C. instead of　　　　　　　　 D. thanks to

⑺A. climate　　　　　 B. pollution　　　　　 C. content　　　　　　　　　　 D. ecology

⑻A. leading　　　　　 B. responsible　　　　 C. alternative　　　　　　　　 D. poverty

⑼A. raise　　　　　　　 B. rise　　　　　　　　　 C. drop　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. remain

⑽A. last　　　　　　　 B. past　　　　　　　　　 C. coming　　　　　　　　　　 D. followed

⑾A. lead to　　　　　 B. wipe out　　　　　　 C. take action　　　　　　　　 D. put an end to

⑿A. because　　　　 B. owing to　　　　　 C. in harmony with　　　　　　　 D. on end

⒀A. While　　　　　　 B. Therefore　　　　　 C. on the other hand 　　 D. Instead

⒁A. shaken　　　　　 B. drowned　　　　　　 C. hit　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. knocked

⒂A. accepted　　　　 B. received　　　　　　 C. fell　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. dropped

⒃A. sustainable　　 B. contaminated　　 C. environmental　　　　　 D. representative

⒄A. unless　　　　　　 B. if　　　　　　　　　　　 C. once　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. until

⒅A. prosper　　　　　 B. stress　　　　　　　　 C. develop　　　　　　　　　　 D. defend

⒆A. issues　　　　　　 B. contents　　　　　　 C. summaries　　　　　　　　 D. fairness

⒇A. represent　　　　　　　 B. contain　　　　　　　 C. affect　　　　　　　　　　　 D. conclude

3. Multiple choice

⑴We have no idea why Tina suddenly left the company and her boyfriend _________ knows it.

　　 A. only　　　 B. alone　　　　 C. simply　　　　　　　 D. lonely

⑵-Why weren’t you chosen as a representative?

-I don’t know, ______________.

A. nor I care　　　　　　　　　　 B. I nor care

C. nor do I care　　　　　　　　 D. nor I do care

⑶At the summit, the premier has repeatedly ________ the importance of controlling pollution.

　　 A. stressed　　　　　　　　　　　 B. summarized　　　

C. prospered　　　　　　　　　　 D. issued

⑷The minister went on television to ________ his new policy, which some representatives didn’t support.

　　 A. advise　　 B. defend　　　　　　　 C. affect　　　　 D. access

⑸-All of us have been waiting for you.

-I’m only 5 minutes late. What difference does it __________?

　　 A. play　　　　　　　 B. make　　　　 C. do　　　　　　 D. have

⑹There’s heavy traffic on the Beijing road. Drivers are advised to find a/an _________ route.

　　 A. content　 B. incorrect　　 C. alternative 　　　 D. rural

⑺Only when the premier comes ________________.

　　 A. the meeting begins　　　　 B. does the meeting begin

　　 C. the meeting will begin　 D. will the meeting begin

⑻If nothing is done, ____________ the problem of unemployment will become more serious.

　　 A. then　　　　　　　 B. or　　　　　　　 C. yet　　　　　　 D. and

⑼I think that there’s a good chance _________ she’ll be the first woman Prime Minister in our country.

　　 A. /　　　　　　 B. that　　　　　　 C. what　　　　　 D. which

⑽Not until Lucy went to see it for herself __________ what we said.

　　 A. she believed 　　　　　　　 B. believed she

　　 C. did she believe　　　　　　 D. she did believe

⑾The premier, together with other government officials, _________ on a visit to the UK next week.

　　 A. to go　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. is going　　　

C. are to go　　　　　　　　　　　 D. are going

⑿___________ that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one.

　　 A. If I knew　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Did I know

　　 C. Had I known　　　　　　　　 D. Had known

⒀_______________ better understanding of physics is necessary for this ____________ course.

　　 A. The; advanced　　　　　　　 B. A; advanced

　　 C. /;　 advancing　　　　　　　 D. A; advancing

⒁Access _______ the mountain-town is often difficult because of the bad roads.

　　 A. to　　　　　 B. for　　　　　　 C. with　　　　　 D. of

⒂The police believed, _______ did we, that you were telling the truth.

　　 A. which　　 B. nor　　　　　　 C. and　　　　　　 D. as

2. Usage of phrases

⑴Many students still don’t _____________ a personal computer, which is too expensive for their family.

⑵Eric was unable to_____________ the match because of his recent accident.

⑶The government must _____________ to solve the problem of unemployment.

⑷John’s tastes are _____________ mine; We spend a lot of time together.

⑸Terrorism is a big danger; All the governments should work together to _____________ it.

⑹In the movie, the whole town was _____________ in the war, which showed the cruelty of the war.

⑺He thought very carefully about the decision because he knew his future was_____________.

⑻The town’s drinking-water ______________ poisonous chemicals.

⑼The pop star, _____________ his wife and children, is going to Xi’an for a visit.

⑽They _____________ be married in July; The wedding ceremony will take place in the city church.

1. Usage of words

⑴E__________ is the study of the relations between living things and their surroundings.

⑵We don’t have much time; Can you s__________ your report and make it short and brief?

⑶Jenny loves to be a housewife, and she’s quite c_____________ to stay at home looking after her husband and children.

⑷Mr. Wang has been chosen as a r___________ of our company and he’s going to Beijing for the meeting tomorrow.

⑸AIDS is a k_____________, which makes millions of people lose their lives.

⑹The movie is not suitable for children, for there’s a lot of action, sex and v___________ in it.

⑺As p___________ of our country, Wen Jiabao is having a busy time every day.

⑻Women are still struggling for true e_____________ with men. They want to be equally treated.

⑼The police asked the public for their c____________ in the search for the cruel killer.

⑽At the meeting I want to raise the i____________ of too much homework; Many students are complaining about it.

7. ‘A better of understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act (Para. 6)’. The underlined word can be replaced by ____________.

　　　 A. which　　　　　　　 B. so　　　　　　　 C. and　　　　　　　　　 D. but