摘要: 冬天北方比南方冷. 45. 李平说话不象你那样快.

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More than 3 million years ago,our ancestors(祖先) were already on the march,rising on two legs to search for food,seek greener lands and,above all,to grow in body and brain.Let's meet some of them:

1.Australopithecus(南方古猿) afarensis

They had apelike faces and their brains were a third the size of modern humans' brains.They lived 3.9 million years ago.Fossils(化石) were found in Ethiopia(埃塞俄比亚) in 1974.

2.Paranthropus boisei

Covered with fur,they had strong arms and gorilla?like faces.They lived 1-2.5 million years ago.Fossils were found in Tanzania(坦桑尼亚) in 1959.

3.Homo habilis

Homo habilis,which actually means “handy man”,was the first species to make and use primitive stone tools.They lived 1.6-2.2 million years ago.Fossils were found in Tanzania in 1960.

4.Homo erectus

With skeletons very similar to those of modern humans,they were probably the first to use fire.They lived 30 000-1 800 000 years ago.Fossils have been found in Africa and Asia since 1893.

5.Homo heidelbergensis

They were skilled hunters who used spears to kill animals.Their bodies were similar to ours,although more muscular and larger boned.They lived 200 000-500 000 years ago.Fossils have been found in Ethiopia,Germany,France and Spain since 1921.

6.Homo Neanderthal

Their brains were at least as large as the average modern humans',while their smaller bodies helped them deal with cold climates.They lived 30 000-230 000 years ago.Fossils have been found in France and Iraq since 1856.

1.What is considered more important in the development of the human?

A.Man could stand on two feet.

B.Man's brain became big enough.

C.Man's arms became strong.

D.Man could use the stone tools.

2.Handy man's fossils were found in _________.

A.Tanzania in 1960       B.Germany in 1921

C.France in 1856         D.Tanzania in 1959

3.Which of the following lived earliest on the earth?

A.Homo Neanderthal.       B.Homo habilis.

C.Paranthropus boisei.       D.Australopithecus afarensis.

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In the past 500 years,nothing about people—their clothes,ideas,or languages has changed as much as what they eat.The original (最初的) chocolate drink was made from the seeds of cocoa tree by South American Indians.The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s.And although it was very expensive,it quickly became fashionable (时髦的).In London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places.Some still exist today.

The potato is also from the New World.Around 1,600,the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe,where it soon was widely grown.The potato was the main food at Irish table.Thousands of Irish people starved (饿死) when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine” (马铃薯饥荒) of 1845~1846,and thousands more were forced to move to America.

There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World.But some others went in the opposite (相反的) direction.Brazil is now the world’s largest grower of coffee,and coffee is important crop in Colombia and other South American countries.But it is native to Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚).It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400’s.

According to an Arabic story,coffee was discovered when a man named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red fruits on a coffee bush.He tried one and experienced the “wide­awake” feeling that one­third of the world’s population now starts the day with.

46.According to the passage,which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?

A.Food.           B.Chocolate drinks.

C.Potato.  D.Coffee.

47.“Some” in the sentence “Some still exist today” refers to______.

A.cocoa trees                                         B.chocolate

C.shops                                                 D.meeting places

48.Thousands of Irish people starved because________.

A.they depended on the potato

B.they were forced to move to America

C.the weather conditions in Ireland were not fit for growing the potato

D.the potato harvest was bad

49.Coffee originally came from________.

A.Brazil                                                 B.Colombia

C.Ethiopia                                              D.Arabia

50.The writer used an Arabic story to prove that________.

A.coffee was first discovered by Kaldi

B.coffee was first discovered by Kaldi’s goats

C.coffee was first discovered in south American countries

D.coffee drinks were first made by Arabs

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