摘要:迷路 lose one’s way

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Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive (欺骗)? When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture.

  For example, some might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”

  This guy’s a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought $200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner. He’s really a big loser!

  He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.

  Some politicians often use this trick. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents(对手) says, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” that’s true. However, and honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”

  Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company.

This kind of deception happens too of often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.

How much did the lottery winner lose?

 A. One hundred dollars.        B. Two hundred dollars.

 C. Three hundred dollars.       D. Four hundred dollars.

We may infer that the author believes people should _______.

 A. buy lottery tickets        B. make use of half-truths

 C. not take anything at face value   D. not trust the Yucky Company

What do the underline words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean?

 A. final increase              B. big advantage

 C. large share                 D. total saving

What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement?

 A. False statements are easy to see through.  B. Half-truths are often used to mislead people.

 C. Doctors like to act in advertisements.     D. Advertisements are based on facts.

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  Nearly everyone agrees that money doesn't buy as much as it used to, no matter where you want to spend it. This is certainly true of the paper money that passes so quickly through one's hands. Inflation (通货膨胀) eats away at its buying power just as the steady appetite of waves chews at sand cliffs. But what about coins that seem to do very little except make purses and pockets untidy? Unlike notes, metal money becomes more valuable the longer it is held, especially if it is put away where it won't get scratched or worn. Why is this? One reason is that coins, being more durable (耐用的), fall more readily into a category for collections. Naturally, the rarer gold pieces must become more valuable as the price of this metal goes up.

    But, curiously, one of the rarest coins in the world is not made of gold, but of the relatively cheaper silver. In 1840, the United States mint struck 19, 570 silver dollars. That is what its records show. Today only six of this original number remain and these are unlikely ever to the auction market. So what happened to some 19, 564 large silver coins, not the easiest sort of things to lose? One of the more romantic theories is that they were part of the payment to Napoleon for the American territory then known as Louisiana. But they never reached France. Somewhere in the Gulf of Mexico, the ship transporting them was sunk, either by a storm or by pirates. The probable answer to the mystery is that they were melted down—since the silver value was greater than the actual value of the coin. What really happened to the rest will probably always remain a mystery. What .is known is that whoever can come up with one will find himself instantly rich.

   1. It can be inferred from the passage that——.

      A. money buys as much as it did before

      B. money does not buy as much as it did before

      C. paper money buys more than metal money

      D. metal money buys more than paper money

   2. Which of the following is true of a coin?

      A. The longer it is held, the less valuable it becomes.

      B. The more it wears out, the more valuable it becomes.

      C. The less it gets scratched, the less it values.

      D. The longer it lasts, the more it values.

   3. Coins becomes more valuable because

      A. they make purses and pockets untidy

      B. the price of metal goes up

      C. they fall more readily into a category for collections due to their duration

      D. both B and C

   4. What really happened to some 19, 564 large silver coins?

      A. They were melted down.     B. They were sunk in the Gulf of Mexico.

      C. It is still mystery.             D. They were stolen by pirates.

 

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