传统的建筑材料 traditional architecture materials——青夏教育精英家教网—

　　Gairaigo-words that come from outside－have been part of the Japanese language for centuries．Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers．

　　But in the last few years the trickle(涓涓细流)of foreign words has become a flood, and people fear the increasing use of foreign words is making it hard for the Japanese to understand each other and could lead to many people forgetting the good qualities of traditional(传统的)Japanese．

　　“The popularity of foreign words is part of the Japanese interest in anything new．”says university lecturer and writer Takashi Saito．“By using a foreign word you can make a subject seem new, which makes it easier for the media(媒体)to pick up．”

　　“Experts(专家)often study abroad and use English terms when they speak with people in their own fields．Those terms are then included in government white papers．”said Muturo Kai, president of the National Language Research Institute．“Foreign words find their way easily into announcements made to the general public, when they should really be explained in Japanese．”

　　Against the flow of new words, many Japanese are turning back to the study of their own language．Saito’s Japanese to Be Read Aloud is one of many language books that are now flying off booksellers’ shelves．

　　“We were expecting to sell the books to young people．”said the writer．“but it turns out they are more popular with the older generation, who seem uneasy about the future of Japanese．”

(1)

What advantages do foreign words have over traditional Japanese terms?
[　　]
A．	The ideas expressed in foreign words sound new．
B．	Foreign words are best suited for announcements．
C．	Foreign words make new subjects easier to understand．
D．	The use of foreign words makes the media more popular．

(2)

In the opinion of Takashi Saito．Japanese people ________．
[　　]
A．	are good at learning foreign languages
B．	are willing to learn about new things
C．	trust the media
D．	respect experts

(3)

Which of the following plays an important part in the spread of foreign words?
[　　]
A．	The media and government papers．
B．	Best-selling Japanese textbooks．
C．	The interest of young Japanese．
D．	Foreign products and experts．

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假如你叫李明，你有一位英国网友名叫Tom，他听说过中国的故宫，但知之不多，于是给你发来email, 请你向他介绍一下有关故宫的情况。请你根据下面提供的要点给他回一封120字左右的电子邮件：

1．故宫（the Palace Museum）是一座用传统材料建造的中国风格的建筑。中国古代建筑师们通过这座建筑表达了他们的审美观念。建造工作始于1407年，花了20万人14年的时间，于1420年建成。

2．它一共有9，999个房间。在中国，9这个数字传统地被认为是吉祥的。

3．故宫有着中国历史上5千多年的珍宝（precious treasure）。

4．现在，每周星期二，故宫免费向中国学生开放。欢迎他来参观。

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The Temple of Heaven is situated(位于)in the southern part of the city．It was built in 1420，covering an area of 273 hectares (公顷)．

The Temple was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties (王朝) worshipped (礼拜) heaven and prayed (祈求) for good harvests．They came here twice a year，on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month and also in winter．After 1530 when the temple was built in the northern suburbs (郊区)，only heaven was worshipped in the temple．

The Temple of Heaven is regarded as one of the greatest architectural structures in the world．In Beijing four imperial(皇帝的)temples were built during the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368～1911)．At the southern end of the city axis(轴)is the Temple of Heaven．It is the most important of the four．The other three are the Altar(祭坛)of the earth in the north, the Altar of the Moon in the west, and the Altar of the Sun in the east just behind the Beijing Friendship store．All of them are still standing，but the Temple of Heaven is the largest group of temple buildings of its kind in China，nearly four times larger than the Forbidden city(紫禁城)．The whole building was designed in a way that makes you close to heaven．

In making the heaven－like structures，the designers made good use of the color．sound，figures of the circle and the square，and changes in its height．The combination of building and garden helps to make it appear mysterious and magical．The Temple’s architecture(建筑)has two themes(主题)．0ne is “on the earth” while the other is “in the heaven”．The square-shaped palace for fasting in the west of the temple appears like a “forbidden city” in a smaller size．

In imperial days，the Chinese people believed that the sky was in circular(圆形的)shape and the earth was square．On the basis of this traditional(传统的)concept(思想)，the circle was widely adopted(采用)in the design of the temple’s main buildings．It is in accord with people’s imagination of heaven．

1．The Temple was a place where the emperors worshipped　　 .

A．God and prayed for safety

B．for Jesus Christ(耶稣基督)and asked for mercy(宽恕)

C．heaven and prayed for good harvests

D. the Buddha (佛) and prayed for wealth

2. The Temple of Heaven is regarded as one of the greatest　　　　 .

A. monuments (纪念碑)　　 B．museums

C. memorial halls (标记) 　　　　 D．architectural structures

3. In Beijing　　 imperial temples were built during the Ming and Qing dynasties

A. three B．four C．no D．beautiful

4.The Temple of Heaven is the most　　　　 of the four．

A. important B．biggest C．smallest　　 D. beautiful

5. The Temple is in accord with people’s imagination of　　　　　　 .

A. the earth B．the moon C．hell (地狱) D．heaven

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