摘要: to to (7) of

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For years scientists have been arguing about whether nature or nurture (后天) decides what people will be like. Is it nature— what people are (41) with— that decides what they will be like? (42) is it nurture —what(43) to people when they are born —that decides what they will be like?
Scientists have been studying twins to (44) if they can find the answer, because twins start out with the (45) DNA. Sometimes twins don’t live together at birth and grow up in different (46) and different places— so the nature is the same for both, but the nurture is different.
When scientists (47) these twins in their later life, they some times find some surprising (48).
Jim Springer and Jim Lewis were adopted(收养)by two different families at birth. They first met each other again thirty-nine years (49) and discovered they had a lot in (50). Both had been (51) twice. Their first wives were both named Linda and their second wives were both named Betty!
Each twin had a son — one called his son James Alan and the (52) called his son James Alan, too. Their children each had a dog called “Toy”. They even arrived at their first (53) in the same color of car.
So far twin (54) seem to show that both nature and nurture are important. What we have from birth, and how and where we live help to build (55) we are.
【小题1】
A.bornB.grownC.taughtD.made
【小题2】
A.SoB.AndC.IfD.Or
【小题3】
A.pretendsB.happensC.fallsD.depends
【小题4】
A.hearB.winC.seeD.plan
【小题5】
A.niceB.sameC.fullD.free
【小题6】
A.familiesB.citiesC.countriesD.nations
【小题7】
A.believeB.suggestC.receiveD.compare
【小题8】
A.numbersB.discoveriesC.resultsD.decisions
【小题9】
A.agoB.laterC.forwardD.behind
【小题10】
A.commonB.factC.dangerD.trouble
【小题11】
A.mentionedB.marriedC.succeededD.interviewed
【小题12】
A.eitherB.elseC.otherD.only
【小题13】
A.competitionB.educationC.purposeD.meeting
【小题14】
A.studiesB.moviesC.challengesD.mysteries
【小题15】
A.whatB.whenC.whereD.who
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For hundreds Of years, scientists have been trying to answer what things have an effect on people’s emotions (情感). How you feel is controlled by many things. Your emotions can be affected by your personality, by the actions of others and by events around you. Perhaps you don’t know your emotions can be influenced by the weather as well.
People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy. In fact, sunlight makes us feel good. When sunlight hits our skins, our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals (化学物质) which we all need to stay healthy. Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical. This special chemical affects our brains (大脑) and makes us feel happy. For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway, so many people in these countries often feel sad. Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D. Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good. To help the people in these countries feel better, special “sunrooms” with artificial (人造的) lights have been built. People can go there and get “sunlight” for an hour or two!
The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.
【小题1】 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor (因素) that can affect one’s emotions?
A.Weather.B.Actions of others.
C.Personality.D.Age.
【小题2】Which of the following is true about vitamin D according to the passage?
A.It is a kind of artificial chemical.
B.It makes us worried by affecting our brains.
C.It is needed by us all to keep fit.
D.It is in the sunlight.
【小题3】 What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A.We feel good when we are in the bright cool weather.
B.We will be happy when we are caught in the rain.
C.All people in Norway and Sweden feel sad in winter.
D.The more vitamin D you have, the happier you’ll be.
【小题4】What may be the best title for this passage?
A.Why Do We Feel Sad?
B.The Weather Influences People’s Emotions
C.People Need More Vitamin D
D.We Can Hardly Change the Weather
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