From the time we were babies we have been taught manners. We are taught how to hold a knife and fork and not to talk with our mouths full. We are taught how to shake hands and when to stand and when to sit and the way to introduce people.
Sometimes good manners in one place are very bad manners somewhere else. Almost everywhere eating together means that people are very friendly to each other. But in parts of Polynesia（波利尼西亚）it is bad manners to be seen eating beside each other. So they politely turn their backs to each other when they are taking food.
Some East Africans spit four times as a kind of blessing（祝福）.They do it to show that they want a sick person to get well，or to bless a new-born baby. In most other places，spitting means something completely different. It usually shows an unhealthy habit. In many countries，it may mean that you hate someone.
When we go to visit someone we say “ Hello！” Or “ How are you ? ” or things like that.
But if you are visiting an East African village , everyone will be very careful not to pay attention to you, The polite thing there will be for you to go quietly，without speaking to anyone, and sit beside your friend. You should wait until he has finished what he is doing and then he will begin talking to you.
In a village in Arab , a visitor will walk behind all the tents until he gets to the one he wants to visit. If he passes in front , he will be invited into each tent and asked to eat. It is rude to refuse.

1. 1.

   From this passage we know        .

   1. A.
      it’s good manners to use a knife and fork to eat
   2. B.
      it’s bad manners to stand and talk
   3. C.
      it’s good manners not to talk with our mouths full
   4. D.
      how to shake hands when we introduce people
2. 2.

   In many places，spitting may mean        .

   1. A.
      you give a new-born baby the blessing
   2. B.
      you want a sick person to get well
   3. C.
      you hate someone
   4. D.
      you show your love to your relatives or friends
3. 3.

   If you visit an East African village , you        .

   1. A.
      should say “Hello”or “How are you？”to others
   2. B.
      should talk to the villagers quietly
   3. C.
      should be very careful and not to pay any attention to others
   4. D.
      must wait until your friend has finished his work and then begin to talk to him

People in different countries have different ways of doing things. Something that is polite in one country may be quite impolite in another. In Britain, you mustn’t lift your bowl to your mouth when you are having some liquid (液体) food. But it’s different in China. And in Japan you even needn’t worry about making noises when you have it. It shows that you are enjoying it. But it is regarded as bad manners in Britain. If you are a visitor in Mongolia, what manners do they wish you to have? They wish you to give a loud “burp”(打嗝) after you finish eating, Burping shows that you like the food.
In Britain, you should try not to put your hands on the table when you’re having a meal. In Mexico, however, guests are expected to keep their hands on the table during a meal. But in Arab countries you must be very careful with your hands. You mustn’t eat with your left hand. Arabs consider it very bad manners eating with left hands. So, what should you do if you are on a visit in another country? Well, just do in Rome as the Romans do. You can ask the native (本土的)people to help you or just watch carefully and follow them.
【小题1】 According to the passage, making noises when you have liquid food isn’t bad manners in        .

The customs in different countries are rather different．If I have dinner with a Chinese host, he always puts more food onto my plate as soon as I have emptied it．That often discomforts me greatly．I have to eat the food even if I do not want to because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one’s food on the plate．I have also noticed that when a Chinese sits at an American’s dinner party, he often refuses the offer of food or drink though he’s in fact still hungry or thirsty．This might be good manners in China but is not in the West at all．In the United Sates, it is impolite to keep asking someone again and again or insist on his accepting something．Americans have a direct way of speaking．If they want something, they will ask for it．If not, they will say, “No, thanks．” When an American is served with beer by host, for example, he might say, “No, thanks．I’ll take some orange juice if you have it．” That is what an American will do．So when you go to the United States, you’d better remember the famous saying: “When in Rome, do as the Romans do．”

1．From this passage we can see that the writer is          ．

A．Chinese            B．American          C．Roman            D．European

2．When a Chinese host kept putting more food onto his plate, the writer felt         ．

A．happy             B．sad               C．bad               D．great

3．In the West, people consider it bad manners                ．

A．to refuse an offer at a dinner party

B．to keep asking someone to accept something

C．to eat much at a dinner party

D．to ask for something directly at a dinner party

4．A guest at all American’s dinner party should show his politeness by            ．

A．eating up all the food offered

B．putting more food onto his plate as soon as he emptied it

C．refusing the offer of food or drinking though he is still hungry or thirsty

D．refusing to drink anything

5．“When in Rome, do as the Romans do．”means             ．

A．the Romans are people of good manners

B．Americans always do the same things as the Romans do

C．you should do things like Romans do

D．you should get used to the local customs where you go

In South China we eat rice every day. Sometimes we eat it two or three times a day, for breakfast, lunch and supper. We usually eat it with fish, meat and vegetable.

The Japanese eat rice, too. They also eat a lot of fish. They sometimes eat raw (未加工的)fish. In Africa, maiz (玉米)is the most important food. People there make maize into flour (面粉）.From this flour they make different kinds of bread and cakes.

In Western countries such as Britain, Australia and the U.S.A., the most important food is bread or potatoes. People there usually make their bread from wheat (小麦)flour. They cook the potatoes in different ways. In England the most popular food is fish and chips. Sometimes people cook this food at home, but usually they buy it at the shop. They eat this food at home, in their work place, in the part or on the road. People call it “take-away” food.

阅读短文，判断正 (T)误 (F)

1.The passage is about ways of life.

2.People in Japan sometimes eat fish when it isn’t cooked.

3.The most important food for African people is maize.

4.One of the countries in Africa is called “a Western country”.

5.People eat “take-away” food only on their way to work.