My friend Alice decided to be a nurse 　　1　　 she was four years old．She always wanted to play “doctors and nurses” with other children．When she left school last year, she still wanted to be a 　　2　　．One day she saw an advertisement in the newspaper：DO YOU WANT TO HELP PEOPLE? STUDY NURSING．Send this form to us for more information(情况)．Alice 　　3　　 the table with her name and address．She cut it out and 　　4　　 it that day．

　　Later September she started her studies in a big 　　5　　 in Richmond．She had to study very hard．She went to classes every day and studied late at night．She 　　6　　 went to bed until twelve o’ clock．Then a really important day came：her first day in a ward(病房)．At last she was really helping 　　7　　 instead of just sitting in classes or learning from books．At first, student nurses have to do all kinds of work in the ward．They help to serve(端)meals or wash the patients．They also keep the ward tidy and make the 　　8　　．They can’t give injections(打针)or help the doctors．

　　One of Alice’s jobs was in the ward of old people．She was told to clean all patients’false(假的)teeth．She asked each patient if he had any false 　　9　　．She brought all the teeth together and took them to the washing room．Instead of cleaning each of teeth one by one, she put them all into one big plate．

　　“It’ll be quicker this way,” She said to herself．“Then I can give back everyone’s teeth!” Alice stood in the middle of the ward with her big plate of teeth．She had no idea 　　10　　 teeth these are．The problem is how the old men could find their own teeth．

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　　Over time I have been changed quite a lot．I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642．Although I was young I could 　　1　　 difficult sums．I 　　2　　 very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years 　　3　　 I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage．After I was 　　4　　 by an operator who used cards with holes, I could “think” 　　5　　 and produce an answer 　　6　　 than any person．At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of “artificial intelligence”．In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem．　　7　　 then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower．　　8　　 the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger．　　9　　, this reality also worried my designers．As time went by, I was made smaller．First as a pc and then as a laptop, I have been 　　10　　 in offices and homes since the 1970s．

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　　We live in the “computer age”．People like scientists, teachers, writers and even students use computers to do 　　1　　 work．But more than 40 years ago, 　　2　　 couldn’t do much．They were very big and expensive．Very 　　3　　 people were interested in them and knew how to use them．Today computers are smaller and 　　4　　．　　5　　 they can do a lot of work, many people like to use them．Some people even have them at home．

　　Computers become very important because they can work 　　6　　 than men and make fewer mistakes．Computers can 　　7　　 people do a lot of work．Writers now use computers to write．Teachers use them to help teaching．Students use them to study and children use them to play games．Computers can also remember what you put 　　8　　 them．Computers are very 　　9　　 and helpful．They are our good friends．

　　Do you want to 　　10　　 a computer?

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　　I was always complaining about wind or rain and I thought I was fully reasonable．Though it was nothing unusual for the 　　1　　 of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out,　sometimes it 　　2　　 created an awful atmosphere, so I blamed it 　　3　　．

　　On a rainy day a meteorologist(气象学者)I met was very 　　4　　 at my great upset caused by 　　5　　 that made a little inconvenience for me．

　　"Have you ever 　　6　　 typhoon?"

　　I shook my head．

　　"Everybody blames it 　　7　　 the destruction(破坏)it brings to mankind．But I'd ask：Do you know what would 　　8　　 to the world if there were no typhoon?"

　　I shook my head again．

　　The meteorologist told me, "Without it the 　　9　　 of fresh water will be worsened, for it is a great source of water supply on earth．There would be a greater imbalance in the distribution of 　　10　　 if there were no typhoon．The equatorial(赤道的)area that receives the most sunshine on earth entirely 　　11　　 typhoon to spread heat．Without typhoon the tropics would be even 　　12　　 while the cold zones much colder．　　13　　, the temperate(温带)zones would disappear from the world…"

　　　　14　　 made me shortsighted．I disliked wind only because it messed my hair．I 　　15　　 rain merely because I had to carry a(an)　　16　　．But I had no idea at all 　　17　　 typhoon, something much more violent, something a thousand times more disturbing than wind or rain, was a must to the 　　18　　 of mankind．

　　Hard as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is 　　19　　 that a man stop to think for a moment before he complains, "　　20　　 typhoon disappeared all together?" The answer will lead him closer to truth－he will be better aware of the world he lives in．

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　　While attending a conference, I returned to my hotel room late one rainy evening．The overhead light outside my door was 　　1　　 and I had difficulty finding the keyhole．When I finally 　　2　　 to open the door, I 　　3　　 around the wall for a light switch．I found a 　　4　　 where a switch was once installed…but no switch．

　　No discouraged easily, I remembered seeing a 　　5　　 by the bed when I put away my luggage 　　6　　 in the day．I found the bed in the dark and felt around until I found the lamp, but when I switched it on, 　　7　　 happened! Now what?

Though I knew that it was dark outside my window 　　8　　 the outdoor light was burned out, I thought that 　　9　　 if I opened the curtains I might be able to use the light from the 　　10　　 to find another lamp．So I 　　11　　 my way slowly across the room to the curtains and…no draw-string!

　　I finally stumbled(跌跌撞撞)around until I found a desk lamp that actually 　　12　　! That evening I discovered in a whole new way just how dark the world can be and how necessary 　　13　　 is．

　　But even more necessary than 　　14　　 light is the light that shines from people－the light of love, sympathy and 　　15　　．Because, for many people, the world is a dark and 　　16　　 place．

　　It is the shining that is important, for someone today just may be stumbling in discouragement or fear and in 　　17　　 of some light．

　　So let your light shine．Whatever light you 　　18　　 may be a beacon(灯塔)of hope and encouragement in someone’s darkness．And if you feel that your light is 　　19　　 a candle in a forest, remember this－there isn’t enough darkness in the world to 　　20　　 the light of one small candle．

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　　A little boy knocked on the door of the old house．He waited, and sweated from 　　1　　 of seeing the owner, who 　　2　　 ever came out．As he was ready to 　　3　　, the door slowly opened．

　　“What do you want?” the old man asked．

　　“Uh, sir, I’m 　　4　　 magazines for school and I was 　　5　　 if you would like to buy 　　6　　．” The old man only 　　7　　 at the boy．Meanwhile, the boy saw many dog figurines(小雕像)inside the house．“Do you 　　8　　 dogs?” he asked．“Yes, I have many dog figurines in my house; they are all I have．” The boy then felt sorry for the man, as it seemed he was very 　　9　　．“Well, I do have a magazine here for collectors．It is 　　10　　 for you．I also have one about dogs since you…” The old man started to close the door, saying 　　11　　, “No, boy．I don’t need any magazines of any kind．Now goodbye．”

　　The boy was 　　12　　 for the old man being so lonely．He went home and then had an 　　13　　．He had a little dog figurine which didn’t 　　14　　 much to him since he had a real live dog and a large family．The boy headed 　　15　　．He knocked on the door again and this time the old man came right to the door．“Boy, I thought I told you no 　　16　　．”

　　“No, sir．I want to bring you a 　　17　　．” The boy 　　18　　 him the figurine and the old man’s face 　　19　　．“Boy, you have a big heart．　　20　　 are you doing this?”

　　“I think it means more to you．”

　　From that day on, the old man started coming out and talking with neighbors．

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　　A daughter thought life was unpromising to her and complained to her father about it．She did not know how she was going to 　　1　　 and wanted to give up．She was 　　2　　 of fighting and struggling．It seemed as if one problem was just solved before a new one 　　3　　．

　　Her father, a cook, took her to the 　　4　　．He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high 　　5　　．Soon the pots came to a 　　6　　．In one he placed carrots, in the second he placed eggs, and the last he placed ground coffee beans．He let them sit and boil, without saying a word．

　　The daughter sucked her teeth and 　　7　　 waited．asking repeatedly what he was doing．In about twenty minutes he turned off the 　　8　　．He fished the carrots out and placed them in a bowl．He pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl．Then he spooned the coffee out and placed it in another．Turning to her he asked, "Darling, what do you see?"

　　"Carrots, eggs, and coffee," she replied．

　　He brought her closer and asked her to 　　9　　 the carrots．She did and noted that they were soft．He then asked her to take an egg and break it．After pulling off the 　　10　　．she observed the hard-boiled egg! Finally, he asked her to taste the-coffee．She smiled 　　11　　 she tasted its rich flavor．She humbly asked, "What does it mean, Father?"

　　He explained that each of them had faced the same 　　12　　, boiling water, but each 　　13　　 differently．The carrot went in 　　14　　 and hard．But after being subjected to(受制于)the boiling water, it 　　15　　 and became weak．The egg had been 　　16　　．Its thin outer shell had protected its liquid interior．But after sitting 　　17　　 the boiling water, its inside became hardened．The ground coffee beans were unique, 　　18　　．After they were in the boiling water, they had 　　19　　 the water．

　　"Which are you?" he asked his daughter．"When adversity(逆境)knocks on your door, 　　20　　 do you respond? Are you a carrot, an egg, or a coffee bean?"

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　　We had a small kitchen and the table was barely large enough to seat us all．Sometimes we just had sandwiches, but that didn't 　　1　　 and we still ate together．We each had a place at the table．　　2　　 Momma said, "Supper's ready", there was never any question that we 　　3　　 slid into our own places, with no 　　4　　 between us kids about who would sit where．

　　Our family was 　　5　　 during meals, yet it was at the table that we learned to take 　　6　　 by helping from preparing the meal and setting the table to cleaning up 　　7　　．Momma taught us how to behave at home-, so we would know how to behave later in 　　8　　．We were 　　9　　 to offer to help if we were guests in someone else's home．

　　It was at my place at the table that I heard a lot of good 　　10　　 and had an opportunity to talk and make comments．The lessons I learned 　　11　　 enabled me to know more about how to 　　12　　 meals and teach my own children．

　　　　13　　, I read that 75 percent of families do not eat meals together any more．It seems that 　　14　　 people don't make it to the table for even one meal．Families often eat in front of the television 　　15　　 on their way to some activity．

　　It is 　　16　　 that statistics show the children of families who eat meals together five or more times a week have higher academic performance．Teenagers are also shown to have 　　17　　 rates of smoking and illegal drug use．

　　There is 　　18　　 to having "a place at the table"．It is a place where we feel．loved and 　　19　　．It is a place where much is learned and 　　20　　 are made．

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　　In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment．There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be 　　1　　．

　　Today things are 　　2　　, the world has become too 　　3　　．We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are 　　4　　 our environment with dangerous chemicals．If we continue to do this, human life on the earth 　　5　　 survive．

　　Everyone 　　6　　 today that if too many fishes are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left．Yet, with modern fishing 　　7　　, more and more fishes are caught．We know that if too many trees are cut down, 　　8　　 will disappear and nothing will grow on the earth．Yet we 　　9　　 to use bigger and more powerful machines to 　　10　　 more and more trees．

　　We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, fish will die．　　11　　, in most countries wastes are 　　12　　 put into rivers or into the sea, and there are 　　13　　 laws to stop this．

　　We know, too, that if the 　　14　　 of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years there will not be enough 　　15　　．What can we do to solve these problems?

　　If we eat more vegetables and less 　　16　　,there will be more food available for everyone．Land that is used to grow crops 　　17　　 five times more people than land where animals are kept．

　　Our natural resources will 　　18　　 longer if we learn to recyclethem．

　　The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth 　　19　　．

　　Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner 　　20　　 in the future．

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完形填空。

　　When I was in primary school，I got into a major argument with a boy in my class．I can't 　　1　　 what it was about，but I have never forgotten the 　　2　　 I learned that day．

　　I was 　　3　　 that I was right and he was wrong－and he was sure that I was wrong and he was right．The 　　4　　 decided to teach us a very important lesson．She 　　5　　 both of us up to the 　　6　　 of the class and placed him on one side of her 　　7　　 and me on the other．In the 　　8　　 of her desk was a large，round object．I could 　　9　　 see that it was black．She asked the boy what 　　10　　 the object was．“White，”he answered．

　　I couldn't believe he said the object was white, 　　11　　 it was obviously black! Another 　　12　　 started between my classmate and me，this 　　13　　 about the color of the object．

　　The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been．We changed 　　14　　, and now she asked me what the color of the object was．I 　　15　　 answer，“White．”It was an object with two 　　16　　 colored sides，and from his side it was white．　　17　　 from my side was it black．

　　My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day：You must 　　18　　 in the other person's shoes and look at the 　　19　　 through their eyes in order to 　　20　　 understand their view．

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