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　　IQUIQUE, Chile(Reuters)－Rescue workers at the San Jose gold and copper mine in northern Chile had reason to sing this week．A small hole drilled into the earth became a passage to freedom for 33 trapped miners, who spent 69 days underground．“Never have people been trapped for so long so deeply,” says a doctor at NASA, the American space agency, which helped in the rescue．

　　But the chief medical officer for the miners said most are in good enough health to leave the hospital within a day or so．The first three recovered and went home Thursday night．

　　For much of the day the miners relaxed with Chilean President Sebastian Pinera．The 32 Chileans and 1 Bolivian still wore special sunglasses to protect their eyes．

　　A partial mine collapse on 5th August trapped them more than half a kilometer underground．They had to stretch a two-day food supply．For two weeks no one knew if they were alive or dead．Later, they received supplies．

　　The first miner rescued on Wednesday was Florencio Avalos．The second was Mario Sepulveda, who talked about how the experience tested his faith．The last miner up was Luis Urzua, who was the shift leader when his crew became trapped．

　　Rescuers used a metal cage to pull the miners to safety in less than 24 hours－faster than expected．The rescue capsule was a half-meter wide and known as the Phoenix, an imaginary bird from ancient stories．It bursts into flames but is continually reborn and rises from the ashes．

　　Chile’s Navy built the capsule with advice from mining experts and NASA engineers．It worked like an elevator, traveling up and down on a cable through a shaft(竖井)drilled 622 meters into the rocks．

　　Millions of people around the world watched the rescue．More than one thousand journalists traveled to the mine in the Atacama Desert to report on the rescue．They joined family members of the miners and rescue crews housed in an area of tents known as Camp Hope．

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　　1．TODAY, Friday, November 12

　　JAZZ with the Mike Thomas Jazz Band at The Derby Arms．Upper Richmond Road West, Sheen．

　　DISCO Satin Sounds Disco．Free at The Lord Napier, Mort lake High St．, from 8 a. m. to 8 p. m．Tel：652-1158．

　　2．SATURDAY, November 13

　　JAZZ Lysis at The Bulls Head, Barnes．Admission 60p．

　　MUSICAL HALL at The Star and Garter, Lower Richmond Road, Putney, provided by the Aba Daba Music Hall company．Good food and entertainment fair price．Tel：789-6749．

　　FAMILY night out? Join the sing-along at The Black Horse．Sheen Road, Richmond．

　　JAZZ The John Bennett Big Band at The Bull’s Head, Barnes．Admission 80p．

　　THE DERBY ARMS, Upper Richmond Road West, give you Joe on the electric accordion(手风琴)．Tel：789－4536

　　3．SUNDAY, November 14

　　DISCO Satin Sounds Disco, free at The Lord Napier, Mort Lake High Street, from 8 a. m. to 8 p. m．

　　FOLK MUSIC at The Derby Arms．The Short Stuff and residents the Norman Chop Trio．Non-remembers 70p．Tel：688－4626．

　　HEAVY MUSIC with Tony Simon at The Bull, Upper Richmond Road West, East Sheen．

　　THE DERBY ARMS, Upper Richmond Road West, give you Joe on the electric accordion．

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　　Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of fifty．In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were when they were eighteen years old．

　　The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States．The Gallup(民意调查)Organization questioned them by telephone in 2010．At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five．

　　The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry．They also asked about mental or emotional stress．

　　Arthur Stone at Stony Brook University in New York led the study．His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five．The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties．Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies．The people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties．

　　Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older．One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions．They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences．

　　Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be linked to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry．

　　The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single．But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age．

　　The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older．However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men．

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　　A woman renewing her driver’s license at the County Clerk’s office was asked to state her occupation．She hesitated, uncertain how to classify herself．

　　“What I mean is,” explained the recorder, “do you have a job, or are you just a …”

　　“Of course I have a job,” said Emily．“I’m a mother．”

　　“We don’t list ‘mother’ as an occupation ‘housewife’ covers it,” said the recorder．

　　One day I found myself in the same situation．The clerk was obviously a career woman, confident and possessed of a high sounding title．“What is your occupation?” she asked．

　　The words simply popped out．“I’m a Research Associate in the field of Child Development and Human Relations．”

　　The clerk paused, ballpoint pen frozen in midair．

　　I repeated the title slowly, and then I stared with wonder as my statement was written in bold, black ink on the official questionnaire．

　　“Might I ask,” said the clerk with new interest, “Just what you do in this field?”

　　Coolly, without any trace of panic in my voice, I heard myself reply, “I have a continuing program of research(what mother doesn’t), in the lab and in the field(normally I would have said indoors and out)．Of course, the job is one of the most demanding in the humanities(any mother care to disagree?), and I often work 14 hours a day(24 is more like it)．But the job is more challenging than most careers and rewards are more of a satisfaction rather than just money．”

　　There was an increasing note of respect in the clerk’s voice as she completed the form, stood up, and showed me out．

　　As I drove into our driveway, buoyed up(依托)by my glamorous new career, I was greeted by my lab assistants---ages 13, 7, and 3．

　　Upstairs I could hear our new experimental model(a 6 month old baby), in the child-development program, testing out a new vocal pattern．

　　I felt proud! I had gone on the official records as someone more distinguished and indispensable(不可缺少的)to mankind than “just another mother．”

　　Motherhood－What a glorious career! Especially when there’s a title on the door．

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　　Dr．Glenn Tisman, a cancer specialist, knew his young neighbor．Ray Bateman, had an unusual mind．But he had no idea at the time that 12-year-old Ray had the ability to become his partner in cancer research．

　　Ray's parents remembered that at age four, Ray surprised them by fixing a broken vacuum cleaner(吸尘器), When he was ten, he speedily constructed the family color television from a kit．Later, he succeeded in assembling(组装)a complex stereo system after two experts had failed to do the job．

　　When Ray was ten, he convinced his parents to buy him a computer．In a short time, Ray was able to do amazing things with the computer．Ray shared his enthusiasm for computers with Dr．Tisman, who used a computer for his research．The two discussed computers and medicine frequently．Amazingly, Ray understood the biology and chemistry related to Dr．Tisman's medical research without any previous instruction．Ray then worked with Dr．Tisman after school．He helped conduct research with the equipment and kept it in working order．The purpose of the research was to test the effectiveness of mixing an old cancer drug with certain vitamins．Ray analyzed patient test results by computer, while Dr．Tisman handled all patient contact．Together, they came up with solid research that helped advance cancer treatment．

　　In 1988, 14-year-old Ray went with Dr．Tisman to a meeting of the American Federation for Clinical Research(AFCR), where Ray presented their initial research findings．Using terminology(术语)beyond the grasp of most kids of his age．Ray told the scientists how the new drug mixture caused fewer and milder side effects for cancer patients．

　　A year later, Ray returned to the meeting to update the findings of his and Dr．Tisman' s research．By then, he had become well-known for his devotion to finding cures for sick patients．Stories about him appeared in hundred of newspapers around the world．He appeared on television newscasts and talk shows．Ray continued to spend most free hours working with Dr．Tisman．The two began studying the effects of vitamins on babies inside the womb(子宫)．However, Ray's main interest remained cancer treatment, and he continues his research today．

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　　Puerto Rico may be part of the USA but its music and dance is a mixture of both Spanish and American rhythms．The country, as a result, is a mixture of very new and very old．It exhibits the．open American way of life yet remains the more formal Spanish influences．This is reflected in the architecture, not just the difference between the old and the modem in urban areas but also in the countryside, where older buildings sit side by side with schools and houses．It is found in the cooking, too many fast food restaurants together with local cooking which has its roots in the mixture of culture of all the Caribbean and in the music, where rock music is played in beach resorts but in the hilly center, Puerto Rican music can be heard．Old volcanic mountains, long motionless, take up a large part of the center, with the highest peak．Corrode Punta, at 1338 meters in the Cordillera Central．The mountains are surrounded by a coastal plain with the Atlantic shore beaches cooled all the year round by trade winds．

　　The population is 3.8 million, of which about 1．5 million live in San Juan, although about another two million Puerto Ricans live in the USA．Average life is 73.8 years and GDP per person is ＄ 12212, the highest in Latin America, although not up to the level of mainland USA．The people are largely a mixture of Amerindian, Taino-Sarawak, Spanish and African．Most Puerto Ricans do not speak English and less than30％ speak it fluently．Second generation Puerto Ricans who were born in New York, but who have returned to the island, are called Nuyoricans．The people are very friendly and hospitable but there is crime, linked to drugs and unemployment．

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Japan's nuclear crisis is also causing concerns in China．Worried shoppers rushed to stores and supermarkets in the country for salt, with the belief that it might protect them from potential nuclear radiation spreading from Japan．Many rushed to buy to stores as much iodized salt as possible because of the rumor that iodized salt could help prevent radiation poisoning spreading from Japan's Fukushima Daiichi power plant．Consumers also worried that the nuclear plumes might spread to China by air and sea, polluting food sources, including salt taken from the sea．The wave of panic buying spread quickiy across the country, driving up salt prices by five to ten fold in some cities．Even regions rich in salt production, like Jiangxi Province, faced sudden shortages．The government took measures to guarantee enough supply and to stabilize(稳定)the market．It also dismissed the nuclear rumors, saying the nuclear fallout was unlikely to reach the country, and that salt did not help to prevent radiation poisoning．Local authorities have stepped into stabilizing(使稳定)the market, too．As well, state-owned salt companies have been urged to increase their supply．Facing expanding market demand, distribution(分配)centers have taken extra measures to ensure they are well-prepared．Wang Yun, the General Manager of Beijing Salt Industry Corporation, said, "Our storage reserves can guarantee a two-month supply for the Beijing market．"

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　　Word Power

　　Author(s)：Kaplan ＄13,95

　　You'll never be at a loss for words again．Energize your vocabulary with must-know everyday words that are the essentials of a good vocabulary, engaging lessons to help you use words in text, hot words often found on tests, tips to help you figure out new words, roots, and more．

　　Grades：8 ＆ up Ages：13 ＆ up

　　Word Smart Junior

Author(s)：Russell Stauffer ＄ 17.95

Now this is the way to add new words to your vocabulary! Word Smart Junior will make you laugh so much．You'll be amazed that you've just learned more than 120 fascinating and very useful words! Parents, teachers, and friends will marvel at your eloquence(口才)!

　　Grades：3-5 Ages：8-10

　　Grammar Smart Junior

　　Author(s)：Marcia Reynolds ＄ 16.85

　　Do you quake when your teacher says, "Now it's time for grammar"?Do your verbs agree with your subjects?

　　Fear no more! A big Hollywood producer and a famous movie star will help you learn all those nasty(讨厌的)elements of grammar．You'll be amazed at how quickly you learn, and how much fun it can be．You'll finally know your grammar backwards and forwards and you'll never have to worry about it again．

　　Grades：7-9 Ages：12-14

　　Grammar Smart：An Audio Guide to Perfect Usage

　　Author(s)：Julian Fleisher ＄ 12.68

　　The words you use say a lot about you．．．but the way you put them together says even more．Your grammar makes an immediate and lasting impression on your teachers, and even your friends．So don't make the mistake of thinking that grammar is too complicated．We've created Grammar Smart to help you write and speak with clarity and confidence．

　　Grades：6-8 Ages：11-13

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　　It is natural that children are curious(好奇的)about the world around them．For example, they want to know how their hearts beat．They want to know why the ocean water tastes salty．

　　As children grow up, they become curious about different kinds of things．When they are babies, they are interested in the parts of their bodies and in the smiles of their mothers．They become interested in the physical world around them：the plants, the animals, the sky．Later, they become interested in the things that people have made：wheels, bicycles, cars．And when they are adults, their curiosity continues．Sometimes this curiosity leads to a career(生涯、职业)in science．

　　Scientists spend their lives trying to find out about the world．Those who work with the earth sciences study the earth, the oceans, and the skies．Other scientists who study living things work with the biological sciences．A third group of scientists study the physical sciences, e．g．physics, chemistry．

　　These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world．For example, they tell us why your heart beats fast when you run．They say that when you are quiet, your heart normally beats sixty-five or seventy-five times a minute．Your heart is a pump(泵)that pumps blood to all parts of the body．The blood carries oxygen and nutrition．When you run, your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the blood carries to them．The muscles need oxygen, too．So your brain sends a signal to the heart．The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen．Then the heart beats fast and sends blood quickly to the muscles．It may beat 90 to 140 times a minute．

　　Of course, scientists cannot answer all of our questions．If we ask, “Why does the ocean water taste salty” scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks．When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks．Rain falls into cracks．The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers．The rivers carry the salt into the ocean．But then we ask, “What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean does not get saltier every year．” Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question．

　　We know a lot about our world, but there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious．

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　　In 1933 an unknown American called Clarence Nash went to see the film-maker Walter Disney．He had an unusual voice and he wanted to work in Disney’s cartoon film for children．When Walter Disney heard Nash’s voice, he said, “Stop! That’s our duck!”

　　The duck was the now-famous Donald Duck, who first appeared in 1934 in the film, The Wise Little Hen．Donald lived in an old houseboat and worn his sailor jacket and hat．Later that year he became a star after an eight minute Mickey Mouse film．The cinema audiences liked him because he was lazy and greedy, and because he lost his temper very easily．And they loved his voice when he became angry with Mickey’s eight nephews．Soon Donald was more popular than Mickey Mouse himself, probably because he wasn’t a goody-goody, like Mickey．

　　In the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, Donald and his friends Mickey, Goofy and Pluto made hundreds of Disney cartoons．He also made educational film about the place of the USA in the world, and safety in the home．Then in 1966 Donald Duck and his voice disappeared－there were no more new cartoons．

　　Clarence Nash died in February, 1985．But today’s children can still see the old cartoons on the television and hear that famous voice．