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　　People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior．

　　However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a stronger effect on their health．

　　From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are regular．Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them．

　　The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health．People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time．

　　“Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health．”leading researcher Dr．Joseph Grzywacz of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement．“The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors(紧张刺激物), and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more damaging for the less advantaged．”

　　“If something happens every day, maybe it’s not seen as a stressor．”Grzywacz says．“Maybe it is just life．”

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　　Many people think a telephone is essential．But I think it is a pest and a time waster．Very often you find it impossible to escape from some idle or curious chatterbox, or from somebody who wants something for nothing．If you have a telephone in your own house, you will admit that it tends to ring when you are asleep, or in the middle of a meal or a conversation, or when you are just going out, or when you are taking your bath．Are you strong-minded enough to ignore it, to say to yourself, “Ah, well, it will all be the same in a hundred years’ time” You are not．You think there may be some important news or messages for you．I can assure you that if a message is really important it will reach you sooner or later．Have you never rushed dripping from the bath, or chewing from the table, or dazed from the bed, only to be told that you are a wrong number?

　　But you will say you need not have your name printed in the telephone directory, and you can have a telephone which is only usable for outgoing calls．Besides, you will say, isn’t it important to have a telephone in case of emergency-illness, an accident, or fire? Of course, you are right, but here in a thickly populated country like England one is seldom far from a telephone in case of dreadful necessity．

　　I think perhaps I had better try to justify myself by trying to prove that what I like is good．I admit that in different circumstances-if I were a tycoon(business VIP), for instance, or bed-ridden I might find a telephone essential．But then if I were a taxi-driver I should find a car essential．

　　Let me put it another way：there are two things for which the English seem to show particular talent; one is mechanical invention, the other is literature．My own business happens to be with the use of words but I see I must now stop using them．For I have just been handed a slip of paper to say that somebody is waiting to speak to me on the telephone．I think I had better answer it．After all, one never knows, it may be something important．

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　　Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat．The usual problem is how to get rid of it．But the designers of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem-how to collect body heat．They have designed a collection system which makes good use of not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as electric lights and refrigerators as well．The system works so well that no fuel is needed to make the university’s six buildings warm and comfortable．

　　Some parts of most modern buildings-theatres and offices as well as classrooms are heated by people and lights far more than necessary, and sometimes they must be air - conditioned even in winter．The skill of saving heat and sharing it out again in a different way is called “heat recovery”．A few modern buildings recover heat from some buildings and reuse it in others．

　　Along the way, Pittsburgh University has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers．The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off．Boy students send out more heat than girl students, and the larger a student is, the more heat he gives．The hottest prospect for the Pittsburgh University would be a hardworking, overweight body student who is very clever in the university．

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　　Monday－9∶00 p.m．PT(11∶00 p.m．CT)(Midnight ET)

　　I love to answer questions about children’s health．Some questions and their answers become articles, FAQ’s, Updates, Fast Facts, Top Tips, or Guidelines here on the site．I answer others in real time during chat．Either way, here is how to submit a question．

　　I am available live, for one hour, every weekday．No appointments are necessary! All you have to do is log on to chat and ask your question．In most cases, you’ll get your answer right there! Some of the questions from chat are selected for me to write about in greater depth．Even if you don’t have time to stay at chat, send your question to the chat host to be considered for a future article．

　　Please join me in chat, Monday-November 22,2006 at 9∶00 p.m．PT(11∶00 p.m．CT)(Midnight ET)

　　I will be in the chat room for one hour to answer your children’s health questions．

　　To ask your question, please type a “?” mark on the screen．

　　A host will call upon you when it is your turn to ask a question．

　　Click here to chat

　　Click here to learn more about chat

　　Click here for a complete chat schedule

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　　Parents should stop blaming themselves because there’s not a lot they can do about it．I mean the teenager problem．Whatever you do or however you choose to deal with it, at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal．

　　I’ve seen friends deal with it in all kinds of different ways．One strict mother insisted that her son, right from a child, should stand up whenever anyone entered the room, open doors and shake hands like a gentleman．I saw him last week when I called round．Sprawling himself(懒散地躺)on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick glance at me．His mother was ashamed．“I don’t know what to do with him these days,” she said．“He’s forgotten all the manners we taught him．”

　　He hasn’t forgotten them．He’s just decided that he’s not going to use them．She confessed(承认)that she would like to come up behind him and throw him down from the sofa onto the floor．

　　Another good friend of mine let her two daughters climb all over the furniture, reach across the table, stare at me and say,”I don’t like your dress; it’s ugly．” One of the daughters has recently been driven out of school．The other has left home．

　”Where did we go wrong?” her parents are now very sad．Probably nowhere much．At least, no more than the rest of that unfortunate race, parents．

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　　One day in 1965, when I was a librarian at View Ridge School in Seattle, a fourth grade teacher came to me．She had a student who finished his work before all the others and needed a challenge．“Could he help in the library?”e asked．I said,”Send him along．”

　　Soon a slight, sandy-haired boy in jeans and T-shirt appeared．“Do you have a job for me?” he asked．

　　I told him about the Dewey Decimal System for shelving books．He picked up the idea immediately．Then I showed him a pile of cards for long-overdue books that I was beginning to think had actually been returned but were misshelved with the wrong cards in them．He said,”Is it a kind of a detective job?” I answered yes, and he became a continuous detective．

　　He had found three books with wrong cards by the time his teacher opened the door and announced,”Time for rest!” He argued for finishing the finding job; she made the case for fresh air．She won．

　　The next morning, he arrived early．“I want to finish these books,” he said．At the end of the day, when he asked to be a librarian on a regular basis, it was easy to say yes．He worked untiringly．

　　After a few weeks I found a note on my desk, inviting me to dinner at the boy’s home．At the end of a pleasant evening, his mother announced that the family would be moving to a neighbor school district．Her son’s first concern, she said, was leaving the View Ridge library．“Who will find the lost books?” he asked．

　　When the time came, I said an unwilling good-bye．Though at first he had seemed an ordinary kid, his zeal(热情)had set him apart．

　　I missed him, but not for long．A few days later he came in the door and joyfully announced：“The librarian over there doesn’t let boys work in the library．My mother got me to come back to View Ridge．My dad will drop me off on his way to work．And if he can’t, I’ll walk!”

　　I should have had an idea such focused determination would take that young man wherever he wanted to go．What I could not have guessed, however, was that he would become a wizard(奇才)of the Information Age：Bill Gates, tycoon of Microsoft Microsoft and America’s richest man．

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　　On a good night when there is no Moon and the air is clear, only up to 4,000 or so stars can be seen by the unaided eye．From ancient times star-watchers have tried to bring some order into the sky by fitting the stars into patterns, the constellations(星座),to which names were given．

　　Observation of the night sky every few hours shows that in the northern hemisphere(半球)the stars appear to turn anticlockwise(逆时针方向)about a point near the Pole Star．As they turn, the stars keep the same positions in relation to each other, and in fact the appearance of the constellations has changed very little over the centuries．Like the Sun and Moon, the stars have a daily journey across the sky, rising upwards in the east and setting in the west-due to the Earth’s daily spin．The Circumpolar(围绕天极的)Stars, those near the Pole Star, are an exception to this; they are so close to the pole that they never disappear below the horizon．

　　Although the stars always rise in the same places they do not do so at the same times every day．They rise about 4 minutes earlier each day since the Earth is progressing in its orbit around the Sun; in almost but not exactly a year they again rise and set at the same time．If a certain star is seen to rise in the east exactly when the Sun sets on a particular day, a few weeks later it will be seen well above the eastern horizon at sunset．

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　　NBC News and news services

　　Updated：1∶15.pm．

　　ET Jan．9,2006

　　TALLMANSVILLE, W．Va．-Eleven miners who died in the Sago disaster could have walked out alive had they known that there was healthier air less than 2,000 feet away, the head of the mining company told NBC News in an interview aired on zMonday-exactly a week to the day that the men sat trapped in the mine awaiting rescuers who arrived too late for all but one survivor．

　”They were headed into an unknown,” International Coal Group CEO Ben Haield said．“They had no way of knowing how big, how disastrous the explosion was．In hindsight, if they had known that the smoke was only extremely dense in an area of perhaps 1,000 or 1,500 feet, yes they could have moved to fresh air, yes they could have survived, but they had no way of knowing that．”

　”It’s over two miles to the outside and they no doubt would have been concerned that they can’t walk through two miles of smoke,” he added．“If they had known that it was only 1,500 or 42,000 feet of smoke certainly they could have come on out and yes they could have been saved．”

　　Haield called it a tragedy that was”unavoidable and horribly sad” because the miners, even though they had breathing devices, did exactly what they had been taught to do：hunker down(蹲下)and wait for rescuers．

　　Crews did not know the location of the miners while they awaited rescue and had no way to communicate with them．

　　The men appeared to have died after about 10 hours and the rescuers only arrived after about 40 hours．Eleven men died awaiting rescue, one died in the blast that caused the disaster and a 13^th survived．

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　　In a survey released on Thursday, more than 7,000 Beijing residents assessed the capital as average in terms of living conditions．Most agreed that it is convenient to live in Beijing as far as the facilities for shopping, leisure time activities, education and medical care are concerned．But they do not agree that life is comfortable here．

　　Such a survey sends a message that how a city functions to provide its citizens with suitable living conditions is a concern for many urbanites(都市人) although it will take some time before this concern finds a place on the agenda(议程)of city planners and administrators．

　　In the past more than two decades, economic development has always been considered as the top priority for most cities．The focus on economic growth has left almost no room on the agenda of urban planners and administrators for attention to suitable living conditions for their urban residents．

　　Economic development is undoubtedly the important foundation for improving living conditions, and has improved living standards considerably for most urban residents in the past two decades．But when it is made the ultimate goal of our life, and people are forced to give up their living comforts for the realization of a certain growth rate, the quality of urban life can be negatively affected．

　　There are instances of development just for the sake of being considered development. Witness the destroy of buildings still in sound quality to make room for new structures, repeated change of bricks on pavements and the re- paving of roads．These economic activities lead to noise and environmental pollution and traffic jams．They worsen living conditions and even make it impossible for residents in many cities to lead a normal life．

　　To a certain extent, some part of a city’s economic growth is achievable only at the expense of the living environment for urbanites．

　　It is high time the city authorities gave a thought to the relationship between economic growth and living conditions in the cities．Beijing, for example, as a capital city, may put more efforts into developing its service sector, tourism and culture industry, which is not likely to cause pollution．Precaution needs to be employed in the considerations for city renovations and construction projects, which tend to affect the life of residents negatively．

　　If the concern for making life easier and more comfortable is always on the minds of the city authorities and on their working agenda, economic development can be realized with suitable living standards．

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