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Communication Principles

  How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate.“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”.Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send themBut every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communicationA studentfor instance, may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment:“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinionsand that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.”The teacher might say the oppositeEach person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong

  The concept of serf originates in communicationThrough verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of othersYou establish self-imageThe sort of person you believe you are, by how others think of youPositive, negative, and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you areCommunication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue processOur understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other peopleIn a more obvious waycommunication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to shareSo, the communication begins with the self, as defined largely by others, and involves others, as defined largely by the self

  Communication Occurs almost every minute of your lifeIf you are not communicating with yourself(thinking, planning, reacting to the world around you), you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behaviorEven if the other person did not intend a message for youyou gather observations and draw specific conclusionsA person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your messageA second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to youA third person smiles(perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently)and you believe that he is attracted to youWe are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them

  More often than not, you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean thatYou may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statementYou may have made a joke out of your rude statementNonetheless, your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mindYou cannot go back in time and erase your messages to othersCommunication cannot be reversed(倒退), nor can it be repeatedWhen you tried to recreate the atmosphere, the conversation, and the setting, nothing seemed rightYour second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results

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  What is eco-fashion?Eco-fashion is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term covers two aspects of fashion‘ecological’and‘ethical’(伦理的)Ecological fashion usually refers to textile(织物)and clothing production processes and the environmental issues(议题)surrounding them; ethical fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes

  What are the problems with fashion?Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavilyCotton-planting uses pesticides; sheep-farming and wool-cleaning contribute to global warming; synthetics-making(人造纤维生产)brings about harmful wasteSecondly, every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environmentThey all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve harmful chemicalsIn addition to this, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted waterThirdly, growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effectsWe are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment, and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times

  Then, how to solve the problems?To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our futureThere are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable(可持续使用的)materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycle and minimize wasteOn the other hand, as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption

  Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediateThey relate directly to our personal healthIn fact, choosing eco-fashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet

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