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　　A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply－all these were important 　　1　　 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution．　　2　　 they were not enough．Something 　　3　　 was needed to start the industrial process．That “something special” was men－　　4　　 individuals who could invent machines, find new 　　5　　 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society．

　　The men who 　　6　　 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 　　7　　 from many backgrounds and many occupations．Many of them were 　　8　　 inventors than scientists．A man who is a 　　9　　 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 　　10　　．He is not necessarily working 　　11　　 that his findings can be used．

　　An inventor or one interested in applied science is 　　12　　 trying to make something that has a concrete use．He may try to solve a problem by 　　13　　 the theories 　　14　　 science or by experimenting through trial and error．Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 　　15　　 result：the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 　　16　　 other objectives．

　　Most of the people who 　　17　　 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists．A few were both scientists and inventors．Even those who had 　　18　　 or no training in science might not have made their inventions 　　19　　 groundwork had not been laid by scientists years 　　20　　．

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Football Legend－Pele！

　　Everyone will laugh at you if you don’t know about Pele, the most famous football player in Brazil．Because of his great devotion to the 　　1　　 of football, he is always 　　2　　 as the “King” by football fans worldwide．

　　Pele 　　3　　 his genius for football in his 　　4　　．When he was thirteen, 　　5　　 perfect skills he 　　6　　 Santos(桑托斯), a very important football 　　7　　 in Brazil．

　　In 1958, Pele was 　　8　　to play for Brazil in the Sixth World Cup Competition．　　9　　 he was sixteen, he was the best player 　　10　　 the field．　　11　　 to Pele, Brazil 　　12　　 the world championship for the first 　　13　　．

　　Pele played for Brazil in the World Cup Competitions from 1958 to 1970．

　　In one famous match, the fans were 　　14　　 the exciting 　　15　　 when Pele would score his thousandth goal when the referee gave Santons a penalty(点球)　　16　　．Pele walked up to 　　17　　 it．The opposing goalkeeper(对方守门员)had no 　　18　　 with the hard and accurate 　　19　　．Pele had scored his thousandth goal! The crowds cheered：“Pele, Pele…”That is a record which is as valuable in sports as a thousand goals．

　　Pele was always 　　20　　to the spirit of the sport as a professional player．He always played a fair game and behaved modestly with a cheerful smile．

　　He is held in high respect, and now he is the Minister of Physical Education in Brazil．

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　　The night was dark, though sometimes the moving clouds allowed a star or two to be seen in the sky．The poor men held on to any bit of 　　1　　 they could find．They called to the Marie for 　　2　　, but she was far 　　3　　 the reach of the human voice．At one o’clock in the morning suddenly some 　　4　　 were seen in the distance：another ship! The shouts of the 　　5　　 were heard on board, and willing hands pulled them out of the water．The 　　6　　 of the ship that had arrived at the scene 　　7　　 to save their lives was the Ellen．What had 　　8　　 her to the exact spot 　　9　　 the darkness and the pathless sea? Her captain had known 　　10　　 about the wreck(沉船)and had, indeed, 　　11　　 to sail away from it．But let him speak for himself．

　　“　　12　　 I was forced by the wind to change my course, a small bird flew across the ship once or twice and then flew at my face．I 　　13　　 of this until exactly the same thing happened a second time, 　　14　　 caused me to think it rather 　　15　　．While I was thus 　　16　　, the same bird, for the third time, made its appearance and flew 　　17　　 in the same way as before．I was then 　　18　　 to change my course back to the original one．I had not gone far 　　19　　 I heard strange voices; and when I tried to 　　20　　 where they came from, I found I was in the middle of the people who had been shipwrecked．I immediately did my best to save them．”

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　　Sometimes I wonder if college and I were meant for each other．　　1　　 days, many people 　　2　　 that they think a college diploma(文凭)is 　　3　　 only the paper on which it is 　　4　　．

　　Those people may be 　　5　　．My father tells me that all his friends and 　　6　　 have done fine without 　　7　　．In many 　　8　　 he and they are very 　　9　　．To anyone who measures his 　　10　　 by big cars, large houses and good clothes, a college degree 　　11　　 be worth his time．　　12　　, for my friends and 　　13　　, success means 　　14　　 else．Every one of us wants 　　15　　 for his life than just 　　16　　 things．Sure, those things are very nice and comfortable, but we think 　　17　　 of them．So although we 　　18　　 have large houses and diamonds, the people whom I 　　19　　 and I will always have our knowledge．You can lose your 　　20　　, but knowledge remains．

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in her life, she might go home and write in her diary．Now, a teenager with 　　1　　 problems might go onto the Internet and write about them in a blog(博客)．In many ways, a diary and a blog are very 　　2　　．So, what makes blogging different from writing in 　　3　　 diary?

　　The biggest difference is that blogging is much more 　　4　　 than a diary．Usually, a teenager treats her diary like a book full of 　　5　　 that she does not want to 　　6　　．

　　It’s interesting that someone who writes in a blog 　　7　　 a diary will probably write nearly the same information．

　　I have a little sister, and sometimes I go online to read her 　　8　　．She writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry test．　　9　　 I was her age, I wrote about the same things, but 　　10　　 in my diary．Then, after I had finished writing, I would hide my diary in a secret place because I was 　　11　　 that my sister might read it!

　　The biggest 　　12　　 with blogging is that anyone can read what you write．If I was angry with a friend during high school and wrote something 　　13　　 about her in my diary, she would never know．　　14　　, if my sister ever wrote something bad about a friend, that friend 　　15　　 read her blog and get angry．

　　There are also 　　16　　 to blogging, of course．If I was feeling sad one day and wrote in my diary, “Nobody cares about me,”　　17　　 would know about it．However, if my sister wrote the same sentence in her blog, her best friends would 　　18　　 respond(回应)and tell her how much they 　　19　　 her．Blogs help people 　　20　　 in contact with their friends and to hear what the people around them are doing．

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women．Career women are 　　1　　 than housewives．Evidence(证据)shows that 　　2　　 are in poorer health than the job-holders．A study shows 　　3　　 the unemployment rate increases by 1％, the death rate increases correspondingly(相应地)by 2％．All this 　　4　　 one point：Work is helpful to health．

　　Why is work good for health?It is because work keeps people busy, 　　5　　 loneliness and solitude(孤独)．Researches show that people feel 　　6　　 and lonely when they have nothing to do．Instead, the happiest are those who are 　　7　　．Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard．Work serves as 　　8　　 between man and reality．By work, people 　　9　　 each other．By collective(集体的)activities, they find friendship and warmth．This is helpful to health．The loss of work 　　10　　 the loss of everything．It affects man spiritually and makes him liable to(易于)　　11　　．

　　　　12　　, work gives one a sense of fulfillment(充实感)and a sense of 　　13　　．Work makes one feel his value and status in society．When 　　14　　 finishes his writing or a doctor successfully 　　15　　 a patient or a teacher sees his students 　　16　　, they are happy 　　17　　．

　　From the above we can come to the conclusion 　　18　　 the more you work, 　　19　　 you will be．Let us work hard, 　　20　　 and live a happy and healthy life．

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　Two weeks before Christmas, mother told me we were going to my grandmother’s house for the holiday．Grandma and Uncle Henry lived on a farm some 15 miles out of town．They had no electricity or running water and 　　1　　 what I considered the “good things” in life．They 　　2　　 made no plans for Christmas．When Christmas Eve arrived, mom told me in her best “I-mean-it” voice to 　　3　　 all the decorations(装饰物)from our tree．She packed those up, 　　4　　 all the trimmings(材料)for a 　　5　　 turkey dinner．

　　Christmas morning 　　6　　 perfectly, with the sun shining brightly across a fresh blanket of snow．　　7　　 I sulked(生气)silently in the backseat of the car as we made our 　　8　　 to grandma’s．This was going to be the 　　9　　 Christmas ever!

　　Grandma was 　　10　　 to see us as we walked up to her door．“What on earth are you doing here?” she stammered．“We weren’t expecting 　　11　　．It’s Christmas, and I don’t even have a turkey to cook for you．”“I knew 　　12　　,”Mom said as we set boxes of goodies on the kitchen table．“That’s 　　13　　 we brought one with us．”“We 　　14　　 have a tree,” Mom insisted．“　　15　　, what will we do with all these decorations?”

　　Uncle Henry quickly caught mom’s spirit．He called me to join him, and we found a perfect Christmas tree in the woods．Soon the house 　　16　　 fresh and piney as we decorated the tree, and the day 　　17　　 a festive air．The turkey dinner was very good, too．I was actually beginning to enjoy this unusual Christmas Day!

Dessert was forgotten 　　18　　 mom came out with the final surprise－a flaming(燃烧的)pudding!“Merry Christmas, mother,” Mom said．“Dear me!” Grandma gasped．“I haven’t seen a flaming pudding since I left England before I was married．”Tears of 　　19　　 filled her eyes．

　　I could not keep the tears 　　20　　 my eyes, either．I knew then that mom had also given me the best Christmas present ever－she had taught me what a beautiful thing it is to give．

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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think．This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who said that most of our brains are not getting enough 　　1　　, and as a result, we are 　　2　　 old unnecessarily soon．

　　Professor Matsuzawa wanted to find out why quite 　　3　　 farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to 　　4　　 and reason(推理)at a rather early age, and how the speed of getting old could be 　　5　　 down．

　　With a team of researchers at Tokyo National University, he set about 　　6　　 brain volumes(容量)of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs．

　　Computer technology helped the researchers to get most 　　7　　 measures of the volume of the front and side parts of the brain, which 　　8　　 something to do with intellect(智力)and feelings, and 　　9　　 the human character．As we all know, the back part of the brain, which 　　10　　 tasks like eating and breathing, does not contract(萎缩)with ages．

　　Contraction of front and side parts was 　　11　　 in some people in their thirties, 　　12　　 it was still not found in some sixty or seventy-year-olds．

　　Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to 　　13　　 the contraction 　　14　　 the head．

　　The findings show that contraction of the brain begins 　　15　　 in people in the 　　16　　 than in towns．Those with 　　17　　 possibility are lawyers, 　　18　　 by university professors and doctors．　　19　　 workers doing the same work 　　20　　 in government offices are as possible to have contracting brains as the farm workers．