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　　Joan of Arc died trying to drive the English from her country．She gave 　　1　　the safety of her life as a farm girl to follow an ideal．In modern times John Brown also followed 　　2　　 ideal when he led his attack on Harper's Ferry．John Brown believed in God．When he was young, he 　　3　　 taken a young run-away slave into his home．He hated 　　4　　 and felt it was against God's will．During the battle over Kansas, Brown and his sons fought 　　5　　．In 1859 he came to the East to fight 　　6　　 slavery．With him, in a farmhouse outside the town of Harper's Ferry, Virginia, were twenty-one followers, five of them black men．Harper's Ferry lay 　　7　　 the Shenandoah and the Potomac Rivers．It was on the border of Pennsylvania, a 　　8　　 state．Brown felt that the 　　9　　 he would free would easily go to the“free”land．Behind Harper's Ferry lay hilly country, where Brown and his men could hide out if the attack 　　10　　 ．

　　As Brown and his men made their way forward, he told them, “Word will soon 　　11　　 throughout the countryside．Slaves will take up hatches, guns and knives．They 　　12　　 join us．”But Brown didn't succeed．His men 　　13　　 take over(占领)the Rifle House and the Engine House．And Brown took a number of hostages(人质)as the 　　14　　 spread．But word of the attack reached the Charles Town militia(民兵)，who surrounded Brown the next day．The militia 　　15　　 fighting when Brown 　　16　　 a man with an offer of stopping fighting and he was shot down．The next day Colonel Robert E．Lee and a group of US soldiers drew up before the Engine House．During the entire time of the attack, no slave had 　　17　　 Brown．Brown asked to be allowed to escape with his 　　18　　．Lee 　　19　　．Very soon it was all over．Most of Brown's men were 　　20　　．Two soldiers were killed．Brown was badly wounded．Thirty-seven days later, he was hanged．

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　　Mrs Hammond was old and blind, but she was determined to do everything for herself．She even used to go for walks by herself once a day for 　　1　　, and found her way by touching things with her white stick．She learned 　　2　　 everything was, so she never lost her way．

　　One day, some men came and cut down some of the familiar 　　3　　 at the side of one of the paths which she 　　4　　．When she reached that place that evening, she did not feel the trees with her stick, so she was in 　　5　　．

　　She waited for a while and listened, but did not 　　6　　 any other people, so she went for a kilometre or two．And then she heard 　　7　　 beneath her．

　　“Am I 　　8　　?I suppose so, ”she said, “I must be on a 　　9　　, and there must be a river under me．I've been told that there's a river in this part of the country, but I don't know its exact 　　10　　．How am I going to get 　　11　　 to my house from here?”：　　All at once she heard a man's friendly 　　12　　 near her．“Excuse me, can I help you?”

　　“How kind of you!” Mrs Hammond answered．“Yes, please．Some of the trees which I follow have been 　　13　　 today, and if I hadn't been lucky enough to meet you, I don't know 　　14　　 I'd have done．Can you please 　　15　　 me to get home?“Certainly, ”the man answered．“Where do you live?”

　　Mrs Hammond told him, and the man took her to her house．She told the man how 　　16　　 she was that she had met him．But the man said, “I want to 　　17　　 you．”Mrs Hammond asked, “Whatever for?”

　　“Well, ” the man said quietly, “I was balanced on the edge of that bridge for ages in the 　　18　　, because I was trying to make up my mind to 　　19　　 myself into the river and drown myself．　　20　　 I'm not going to do it now．”

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　　Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning?Do you sometimes oversleep?Yes．Then Hiroyuki Sugiyama of Japan has a 　　26　　 bed for you．His bed will 　　27　　 you up in the morning!Here is how it works．

　　The bed is connected to an alarm clock．First, the alarm clock rings, you have a few minutes to 　　28　　．Next, a tape recorder in the bed plays 　　29　　 music or pleasant sounds．The tape recorder in Hiroyuki's then says in a 　　30　　 voice, “Wake up, darling, please．”A few minutes later, a second recording plays．The second recording can be loud music or 　　31　　 sounds．Hiroyuki hears a recording of his boss．His boss 　　32　　“Wake up immediately, or you will be late!”

　　If you don't get up 　　33　　 the second recording, you'll be sorry．A mechanical“foot”is in the bed．The mechanical foot 　　34　　 you in the head．Then the bed waits a few more minutes．　　35　　!You are still in bed!Slowly the 　　36　　 of the bed rises higher and higher．Finally, the bed is vertical(垂直的)．You slide off the bed and 　　37　　 the floor．You are awake and out of bed．

　　Hiroyuki made his bed 　　38　　 he wanted to win a competition．He works for Honda Motor Company．Once 　　39　　 two years Honda has a contest－the “All Honda Idea Contest”．The employees think of new ideas．If their ideas win, the employees win 　　40　　．In 1996 Hiroyuki won a prize for his bed．

　　Hiroyuki not only wanted to win a prize, he also wanted to deal with a problem．“　　41　　 in the morning is difficult for me, ”he said．“　　42　　 I am late for work．Maybe this bed－will solve my problem．”

　　His bed is not in 　　43　　．There is only one bed the bed Hiroyuki made for the contest．Maybe some day a company will make this kind of beds．Then Hiroyuki will be 　　44　　．If the bed makes him rich, it certainly will solve his problem．He will have a lot of money and he 　　45　　 to get up early．

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　　The temperature of your body should be always just the same, no matter whether the weather is hot or cold．That is 　　1　　 the doctor uses his thermometer when you are sick．When you are well, your temperature is usually 37.0℃．If he finds it 　　2　　 than that, it is a sure sign 　　3　　 something is wrong．

　　The body keeps the same temperature all the time, because it balances the heat it produces and 　　4　　 off．It is always burning up 　　5　　 and producing heat．It can produce heat faster when it needs to or give off heat faster when it becomes too warm．Let's see 　　6　　 this happens．

　　The heat of your body is given off 　　7　　 through the skin．When you are 　　8　　, your skin is tight and 　　9　　“gooseflesh”．When you get chilly(感到寒冷的), you msut dance around to keep warm or 　　10　　 you will shiver(颤抖)．　　11　　 your muscles begin to work, burn up fuel, and produce more heat．It is not 　　12　　 to shiver, so you usually prefer warming up by exercise, or put 　　13　　 more clothes to keep heat in．

　　When you are warm, the skin is loose and soft．It is so supplied 　　14　　 blood that heat is given off rapidly．if you get too hot, you begin to sweat, and 　　15　　 body heat is used in evaporating the moisture(湿气)from your skin．You wear less clothing, too, in warm 　　16　　 or in a warm room, so that warmth can be given off freely．You feel you don't 　　17　　 exercising because your body is warm 　　18　　, and the extra heat produced by exercise makes you uncomfortable．

　　You can see from this why you 　　19　　 different in different kinds of weather．In summer, when it is warm, you feel tired and lazy．You do not care to work or play, but enjoy lying and doing nothing．When you get out of doors in winter, the cold air makes you feel 　　20　　．You want to run and play．

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　　Dorothy Brown was very happy as she sat in the theatre listening to the music．Today her little daughter, Lauren was giving her 　　1　　 concert．She had been 　　2　　 for this 　　3　　 for years．“Now it is here at last!” she thought．“How beautiful her 　　4　　 is!” The song made her 　　5　　 to the days when she was Lauren's 　　6　　．As a young 　　7　　, Dorothy wanted to be a concert singer．She studied music in France, Italy and in the United States．“You 　　8　　 become a fine 　　9　　 in the future, ” her teachers told her, “but you must be prepared to study hard and work for many years．There will be no time for anything 　　10　　 music in your life．”

　　Dorothy was 　　11　　 at that time and she was 　　12　　 that music was 　　13　　 she wanted or needed to 　　14　　 her life．For almost a year Dorothy 　　15　　 of nothing else．Then she met with David, a young engineer travelling Europe．They soon fell in 　　16　　．David asked her to be his 　　17　　．Dorothy also wanted to marry David．But she loved 　　18　　, too．She didn't know 　　19　　 to do．David was against her being a singer．He said, “If you want to be a concert singer, you must forget about getting married．You can't 　　20　　 do both．” Thus her days were gone and would never return．

　　Now Lauren became a singer instead of her, which was her hope．

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　　We find different kinds of animals in the world．Some animals such as tigers and lions, live in 　　1　　 forests and they are called 　　2　　 animals．Some others like sheep and dogs are kept by men and they are called domestic(家养的)animals．　　3　　 these animals are very different from eath other, but we can 　　4　　 them into two big groups：those that eat other animals and those that eat grass and leaves．Animals like the tiger belong to the first group．Animals like cows, elephants and horses belong to the second group．

　　Animals are of great 　　5　　 to human beings．Men 　　6　　 wild animals for their fur and meat．Domestic animals are even more important to men．Without them life will be very 　　7　　．People make use of animals in many ways．

　　Cows and pigs are useful 　　8　　 men's 　　9　　．They give 80% of 　　10　　 men eat every year．Skin of some animals can be made 　　11　　 expensive overcoats and shoes, which are warm and comfortable and 　　12　　 a long time．They are very welcome in cold countries．Wool, which is now 　　13　　 of the most important materials for textile(纺织)industry, comes from a special kind of sheep．　　14　　 cows, we get milk．And we should not 　　15　　 that some domestic animals are kept for transport(运输)．Many people 　　16　　 ride on horse．Arabs ride on 　　17　　 which travel in deserts for days without 　　18　　．In some places animals are still used 　　19　　 fields．　　20　　 is clear that men just can't live without these animals．

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　　During Christmas break from college, a young man wanted to borrow his father's car to drive to a New Year's Eve 　　1　　 to be held in Vermont．The father was 　　2　　 about the son hitting one of the roadblocks that people set up all over the place on New Year's Eve．The 　　3　　 that was reached was that the son would be allowed to use the car, but he would not drink at all．

　　So he drove to Vermont, got completely 　　4　　 and attempted to drive home．On the way home he hit a roadblock．He was told to 　　5　　 the car and stand in a line of people that were being given the infamous sobriety(not drunk)　　6　　．However, the policeman 　　7　　 him out．He was 　　8　　 standing off to the side while the others were 　　9　　 the police officer how well they could walk a 　　10　　 line, etc．

　　At 7∶00 a.m．, his father got up to answer the 　　11　　．There were 　　12　　 policemen there．They asked him if he was the 　　13　　 of that red FIAT．He replied, “Yes, I am．” One of the policemen asked him if he was driving the car the evening before and he said that his son had been the driver．

When the young man 　　14　　 himself in front of the policemen, he knew he was in some sort of 　　15　　．Upon questioning, he 　　16　　 that he was driving the car, but when asked if he had been 　　17　　, he said, “No!” When the policemen asked if he could see his car, he was unable to remember the 　　18　　．He said that it was in the garage．

　　And when the four of them walked out to look at the car, instead of looking at the car he had driven the 　　19　　 before, they saw a 　　20　　 car parked there．

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　　Every day, the news of the world reaches people by over 300 million copies of daily papers, over 400 million radio sets, and over 150 million television sets．Additional news is 　　1　　 by motion pictures, in theatres and cinemas all over the world．As more people learn what the important events of the day are, 　　2　　 still only care for the events of their own household．Nearly four hundred years ago the English writer John Donne said, “No man is an island．”This 　　3　　 is more appropriate(恰当的)today than it was 　　4　　 Donne lived．In short, wherever he lives, a man 　　5　　 to some society; and we are becoming more and more aware(清楚的)that 　　6　　 happens in one particular society affects, somehow, the life of mankind．

　　Newspapers have been published in the 　　7　　 world for about four hundred years．Most of the newspapers 　　8　　 today are read in Europe and North America．However, 　　9　　 they may be read in all parts of the world, 　　10　　 to the new inventions that are changing the techniques of newspaper 　　11　　．

　　Electronics and automation(自动化)have made it 　　12　　 to produce pictures and texts far more quickly than before．Photographic copying doesn't 　　13　　 to use type(铅字)and printing machines．And fewer specialists, 　　14　　 typesetters, are needed to produce a paper or magazine by the 　　15　　 method．Therefore, the publishing of newspapers and magazines can 　　16　　 more money．Besides, photocopies can be sent over great 　　17　　 now by means of television channels and satellites such as Telstar．Thus, 　　18　　 can be brought to the public more quickly than before．

　　Machines that prepare printed texts for photocopies are being used a great deal today．Film, 　　19　　 light and small, can be sent rapidly to other places and used to print copies of the text 　　20　　 they are needed．Film pictures can also be projected(投影)easily on a movie or television screen．

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　　The back door of the ambulance(救护车)was suddenly shut and the driver ran the front, jumped into the seat, and started the engine．Inside were the 　　1　　 parents, Mr and Mrs Green, the mother holding their baby daughter, Ally．The little girl had some food stuck in her 　　2　　 and could hardly 　　3　　．

　　The driver, Mr White, 　　4　　 his siren(警报器)and flashed light, and started speeding toward the 　　5　　 hospital, fighting against 　　6　　．The cars ahead of him pulled out of way 　　7　　 he drove through the busy traffic．From the back of the ambulance the parents were shouting at him to 　　8　　, since Ally almost stopped breathing．In front of him he saw some traffic 　　9　　, with the red “stop” light shining．Mr White knew he had no time to lose, so he drove straight past the traffic lights, looking 　　10　　 his left and right as he did so．

　　Coming towards him from his right was a 　　11　　．The driver had the windows 　　12　　, since the car was air conditioned, and he was playing his radio．He did not hear the ambulance．

　　The lights were 　　13　　, so he drove straight 　　14　　 into the path of the ambulance．Mr White tried to stop his ambulance, but it was too late．It hit the taxi．Everyone was shaken but no one was hurt．Mr White looked back to see 　　15　　 little Ally was．He was 　　16　　 to see relief(宽慰)instead of fear in the face of the parents．

　　“Look!”cried Mrs Green．“She is 　　17　　 again．”

　　“It must have been the crash(撞击), ” said her husband．“It 　　18　　 the food out of her throat．”The baby's color was turning normal, and she was crying in a loud 　　19　　 healthy voice．

　　They were all joyful, and quite forgot about the 　　20　　, the taxi, and the lines of cars all around them．

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　　If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball．I happen to be one of the few girls who would 　　1　　：surfing(冲浪运动)．But isn't that a boy thing?Some people 　　2　　．Most certainly not．

　　I started surfing about five years ago and 　　3　　 in love with the sport on the very first day．Riding that first 　　4　　 was the best feeling I had ever experienced．

　　When I try to 　　5　　 surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my 　　6　　,there's nothing like it．It involves(牵涉到)body,　　7　　,and soul．There's sand between my toes and cool, salt water all 　　8　　 us．The feeling I get when I'm surfing across that 　　9　　,becoming one with the 　　10　　,is like I'm weightless．

　　The one thing I can 　　11　　 from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge(挑战)．You can never be the “best surfer”because the ocean 　　12　　 an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master．The variations of surfing styles are wonderful．Some surfers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive(活跃有力的)and 　　13　　．All of these things attract me to surfing and make it 　　14　　 from any other sport．

　　I've 　　15　　 to tell every girl I　know to do something that people don't think girls can do．It's part of being human to advance to new 　　41　　,so shouldn't it be expected that girls should step up and start 　　42　　 the limits of things boys and men used to dominate(主宰)?

　　There're women 　　43　　 side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys 　　44　　 the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to 　　45　　,and they will．

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