阅读理解

　　In the 19th century, Americans from the eastern states moved to west to settle in the rich new lands along tile Pacific Coast. The most difficult part of their trip was crossing the “Great American Desert”in the western part of the United States by horse and wagon. The western desert can be very dangerous. There is little water and there are few trees. But tile desert also has scenery of great beauty. Tall towers of red and yellow stone rise sharply from the flat, sandy valley floor. The scene has been photographed many times and appears on movies and on TV.

　　In Arizona, man-made dams across the Colorado River have made two large lakes in the middle of the dry desert country. At Lake Powell, the red stone arch of rainbow bridge rises high above the blue lake. There are few roads. Many areas of Lake Powell's shore can only be reached by boat or on foot. But hikers in this empty desert land sometimes find very old native American pictures, painted on the rocks.

　　In Death Valley. California, the summer temperature rises to 130-165 F. There is less than two inches of rain each year. Death Valley is the lowest place in America--925 meters below sea level. In the 1800s, many travelers died when they tried to cross this waterless valley in the terrible heat.

　　Although the desert is dry and seems empty, there is plenty of life if you look closely. Snakes, rats have learned how to live in the desert heat. They live underground and come out at night, when it is cool. Plants such as cacti need very little water. When it does rain in the desert, plants grow quickly, and flowers open in a single day. For a short time, the desert is covered with brilliant colors.

1．In the 19th century, Americans moved from the east to the west because they _____.

[　　]

A．enjoy the trip

B．wanted to make their home there

C．wanted to find new grassland there

D．had no water to drink

2．From the passage, we can conclude that _____.

[　　]

A．the western desert is a good place for people to live in

B．there is little water but there are many trees in the desert

C．the desert is dangerous but it is full of beauty

D．till now, people know little about the desert

3．In the 1800s many travelers died in Death Valley because of _____.

[　　]

A．illness　　　 B．high temperature

C．mud water　　D．poisonous water

4．In the desert, animals will die _____.

[　　]

A．if they move about

B．if they can't make holes underground

C．if they come out at night

D．if they drink much water

阅读理解

　　Some people have very good memories, and can easily learn quite long poems by heart. There are other people who can only remember things when they have said them over and over.

　　Charles Dickens, the famous English author, said that he could walk down any long street in London and then tell you the name of every shop he had passed. Many great men of the world have had wonderful memories.

　　A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his own language by remembering what he hears when he is a small child. Some children--like boys and girls who live abroad with their parents seem to learn two languages almost as easily as one. In school it is not easy to learn a second language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects as well.

　　The human mind is rather like a camera, but it takes photographs not only of what we see but of what we feel, hear, smell and taste. When we take a real photograph with a camera, there is much to do before the photograph is finished and ready to show to our friends. In the same way there is much work to be done before we can make a picture remain forever in the mind.

1．How do most people remember things according to the text?

[　　]

A．Most people remember things as soon as they come across them.

B．Most people remember things through repeating them over and over.

C．Most people remember things by accident.

D．Most people remember things with others reminding.

2．A person, like Charles Dickens, _____.

[　　]

A．likes remembering the names of the shops

B．can write novels by memory

C．can learn languages very quickly

D．can learn things easily by heart

3．What should we do with the photographs we have taken in order to show them to our friends?

A．We should remember what we have taken.

B．The film has to be developed first.

C．Make a picture remain forever in our minds.

D．Take a real photograph with our friends.

4．Good memory is important _____.

[　　]

A．only in learning a foreign language

B．because it is very helpful in learning languages

C．if we should memorize a long poem

D．to do any job

5．According to the text which of the following statements is right?

[　　]

A．Only great men have good memory.

B．Memory is important only in learning foreign languages.

C．Memory is like a camera in some ways.

D．Memory is a camera.

阅读理解

　　“Privacy” is translated as“yin si”in Chinese. Traditionally, in the Chinese mind,“yin si”is associated with that which is closed or unfair. If someone is said to have“yin si”, meddlers (好事者) will be attracted to pry(打探)into his or her affairs. So people always state that they don't have“yin si”.

　　On the contrary, Americans often declare their intention to protect their privacy. Their understanding of privacy is that others have no right to pry into things which belong to themselves alone and have nothing to do with others. One who is too curious and who spreads rumors is said to violate the right to privacy.

　　In the evening, Sonia and I went to a bar for dinner. In China, when people mention bars, something bad usually comes to mind. But here, the bar was a quiet and tastefully laid out place. People spoke quite softly, afraid of interrupting their neighbors, and sat face to face as they drank, sometimes three or five persons sitting together.

　　This sort of atmosphere was totally different from my preconception(传统观念), so I wanted to take a picture. Sonia stopped me:“Don't you see these people are pouring out their hearts? Maybe they are colleagues, friends, secret lovers. They came here looking for a peaceful place free from interruption by others. They wouldn't want to leave any trace of their having come here. So taking their pictures would be a serious violation of their right to privacy.”

　　Is there privacy between husband and wife? One of Sonia's friends married a talented Chinese man, but recently she became so angry that she wanted a divorce(离婚). The reason was that her husband had opened one of her letters and looked through her purse. The husband didn't realize that this is not tolerated in the U.S. He thought that being a couple was like being one person; why couldn't he see the letter or the contents of the purse? Truly, everyone, even those living as a couple, needs room--not only in three-dimensional(三维) space, but in the heart.

1．What is the main idea of the text?

[　　]

A．The understanding of“privacy”is different in China and America.

B．There is privacy between husband and wife in America.

C．Everyone has the right to privacy.

D．Everyone in every country needs room for himself.

2．Sonia stopped me when I wanted to take a picture in the bar because _____.

[　　]

A．taking pictures in a bar was not allowed in America

B．taking pictures in a bar would interrupt the neighbors

C．people who came here are colleagues，friends or secret lovers

D．taking pictures in a bar would violate other people's right to privacy

3．One of Sonia's friends wanted a divorce because _____.

[　　]

A．she thought her husband was not clever enough

B．her husband always opened her letters

C．her husband always looked through her purse

D．her husband didn't respect her right to privacy

4．Which of the following statements is NOT the Americans' understanding of privacy?

[　　]

A．Privacy is connected with something that is unfair and bad.

B．Other people have no right to pry into his or her affairs.

C．There is privacy even between couples.

D．The right to privacy shouldn't be violated by others.

5．According to this text, we can infer that in America we can do all the following except _____.

[　　]

A．declaring that we have privacy

B．going to a bar with friends

C．asking your friends about their marriage

D．taking pictures in a national park

阅读理解

　　Black Americans make up eleven and a half percent of the total population of the United States. They are the descendants(后裔) of Africans who had been brought to America as slaves in the 17th and 18th centuries. During the Civil War (1861-1865) between the Northern States of the U.S. and the slave holding Southern States, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which ended slavery in the United States.

　　For a few years after the war, the freed slaves had the same rights as all White Americans--according to the law. Actually, however, many, perhaps most, could not exercise their rights to the full, as they were uneducated and ignorant (无知的); moreover, they had no land or other means of production. So they were largely at the mercy of their former masters. Black Americans continued to be treated unfairly despite their liberation. It was not long before the former slave-owners got back political power in the Southern States and began to pass state laws to push the black people into slavery again. Besides effectively taking away the black people's right to vote, they passed laws to keep white and black people separated and to prevent blacks from getting certain jobs.

　　It was not until almost a century later that blacks began to demand their rights as American citizens. They struggled against racism and all of the state discrimination(歧视) laws. The Civil Rights Movement was at its height in the early 1960's and in 1964，the Civil Rights Act was passed，making discrimination in all public places illegal. Today legal discrimination is ended but social discrimination is still widespread. Black Americans and all other minority peoples in the United States will never be free and equal until they have economic freedom and cultural equality.

1．What is the main idea about the text?

[　　]

A．Black Americans' life in the United States.

B．The ending of legal discrimination against Black Americans.

C．The history of slavery and racial discrimination and the black people's struggles against them.

D．Black Americans' eagerness to have their equal rights.

2．Which of the following is NOT a reason why most black people could not fully exercise their rights?

[　　]

A．The law did not provide as many rights as possible for them.

B．They received little education and were lack of knowledge.

C．They had no land and could not work.

D．They were economically dependent on others and could make livings on their own.

3．What does the underlined word“illegal”mean in Paragraph 3?

[　　]

A．stopped　　　　B．lawless

C．allowed　　　　D．ended

4．Which of the following is the most important for people who want to get real freedom?

[　　]

A．Political power.

B．Power of economy and culture.

C．Weapons in their hands for struggle.

D．The help of White Americans.

阅读理解

　　One of the greatest sea tragedies that have ever occurred was that of the steamship Titanic. It was the first trip of the giant ship. There were more than two thousand people aboard on their way to the United States from England. On the night of April 14,1912, the sea was calm. The weather was beautiful. People were dancing in the spacious salon. Music, laughter and singing could be heard everywhere. The thought of danger was far away. Suddenly, just before midnight, the sailor on guard cried,“An iceberg!”Before the ship could change her course, the iceberg had torn a huge hole in the bottom of the ship. Nothing could be done. The ship began to sink and the passengers tried to escape, but there weren't enough lifeboats. Another ship was passing nearby. The Titanic fired rockets into the air in order to get the other ships' help. It could have saved most of the passengers, but it did not even stop. More than two-thirds of the passengers went down with the Titanic. It was one of the greatest sea disasters of all time. The new ship went down the sea. More than fifteen hundred people lost their lives.

1．According to the text, which of the following statements is right?

[　　]

A．The sea tragedy occured in the nineteenth century.

B．All the passengers were killed in the sea accident except the captain.

C．The sea tragedy happened just because the thought of danger was far away.

D．The tragedy happened in such a burry that the shipmen could do nothing to stop it.

2．Before the ship sank, _____.

[　　]

A．the weather wasn't fine

B．the people were enjoying the beautiful night

C．the sailors were not on duty

D．there had been a big hole in the bottom of the ship

3．Which do you believe is the best opinion?

[　　]

A．If the ship wasn't new, the tragedy would not have happened.

B．In case the other ship gave a hand in time, more passengers would have been rescued.

C．If there had been more lifeboats on the ship, the ship would not have sunk.

D．On condition that there were no icebergs, then there must have been fewer passengers who lost their lives.

4．The Titanic fired rockets in the air _____.

[　　]

A．because another ship which was passing did not give any help

B．in order to calm all the frightened passengers on the ship

C．to send signals to ask for help from the land

D．in order to stop another ship for help

5．The best title of the story should be _____.

[　　]

A．The Most Dangerous Voyage

B．A Sea Tragedy

C．The Terrible Iceberg

D．A Regretful Ship

阅读理解

　　Twenty five years ago, Muhammed Yunus, a Bangladeshi economics teacher, was visiting a village when he met a woman who made bamboo stools. She couldn't afford to buy the bamboo to make the stools, so she had to borrow the money from the bamboo sellers and then pay them a large part of the profit from each one she sold. There was so little money left for her to keep that she couldn't afford to buy more bamboo, so she had to borrow more money. And so the cycle continued with no way out for her. She couldn't borrow money from friends or family because they were as poor as she was. She couldn't borrow from the bank because she had no collateral (property or land) to guarantee that she would pay back the loan.

　　Yunus went around the village and found forty-two people who were in the same situation--trapped in a cycle of poverty with no escape. When he added up the amount of money that they needed to break free of the cycle, it came to just twenty-seven dollars. As Yunus says“I felt ashamed of myself for being part of a society which could not provide even twenty-seven dollars to forty-two hardworking, skilled human beings.”

　　He lent them the money and told them to pay it back whenever they could. He got all of it back, so he went to other villages and did the same thing. He always got his money back. The official banks didn't want to get involved in what he was doing, so Yunus started his own bank. The Grameen bank was born, and with it a new approach to lending moneymiero-credit.

1．Which of the following correctly shows the“cycle”the poor woman had to go through?

[　　]

A．　　　　　　B．

C．　　　　　　　D．

2．Why were official banks unwilling to lend money to the poor villagers?

[　　]

A．There wouldn't be much profit.

B．The villagers might not be able to pay it back.

C．The villagers live too far away from the cities.

D．The villagers needed too much money.

3．Which of the following is not stated but can be inferred from the passage?

[　　]

A．The Grameen bank would be a complete failure.

B．The villagers were hardworking people.

C．The villagers were skilled people.

D．The villagers were honest, trustworthy people.

4．This passage shows Muhammed Yunus was _____.

[　　]

A．kind-hearted　　　B．very rich

C．an expert banker　D．excellent teacher

阅读理解

　　“There is no arguing about taste”--runs the Latin proverb. But taste did not just happen. Cultural, historical, biological and environmental events have interacted to cause frogs, for example, to be viewed as delicious in southern China but to be regarded with revulsion(厌恶) in northern China. Even though much remains unknown, tastes cannot be dismissed as inarguable or illogical(不合逻辑的); an attempt will be made here to discover why, as Lucretius put it,“What is food to one man may be fierce poison to others.”

　　Among the thirty million tribal(部落的) people of India, a total of 250 animal species(物种) are avoided by one group or another. Most of these people will not eat meat from a tiger or any of various snakes. Although they say they feel a relationship with these animals, it is obvious that both are highly dangerous and that hunting them regularly would be foolish.

　　Monkeys are avoided, probably because they look like human beings in appearance; in these tribes, man-eating is viewed as extremely cruel. An unwillingness to eat some female animals is believed to have been caused by respect for the mother's role, but it could also be due to a policy of allowing the females to reproduce and provide more young for people. Many tribes avoid eating any animal that has died of unknown causes, a wise attitude in view of the possibility that the animal might have died from a disease that could spread to humans. Animals that eat waste food are similarly avoided, an adaptive(适应性的) step that prevents contact with parasites(寄生虫), and that might explain why members of one tribe eat any of twenty-one different species of rats, but not the house rat.

1．We can infer from the first paragraph that _____.

[　　]

A．people from different parts of China never share the same food

B．taste is illogical and inarguable and cannot be explained

C．all the people in Southern China eat frogs

D．the author does not quite agree with the Latin proverb

2．The tribal people in India don't eat snakes or tigers because _____.

[　　]

A．they feel a relationship with them

B．they have parasites on them

C．they think it safe to leave them alone

D．they may spread disease

3．The members of one tribe eat many species of rats except the house rat because _____.

[　　]

A．house rats are not green food

B．house rats look terrible

C．house rats are their friends

D．house rats eat waste food

4．The Indian tribes' choice of food shows that their decision is based on _____.

[　　]

A．their Gods' teachings

B．their own safety

C．where they live

D．their tastes

阅读理解

　　In 1959 an ordinary American family paid $989 for a year's supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1311. Why does food cost so much?

　　Vegetables cost more when they have been washed and cut and sometimes even cooked before being packaged. Chicken costs more when it has been cut into pieces by someone other than the one who buys it. A family should expect to pay more when several“TV dinners”are taken home from the store. These are fully cooked meals, including meat, vegetables, and so on, all arranged on a metal dish. The dish is put into the fire and heated while the housewife is doing something else(cleaning the house, perhaps, or resting or watching TV). Such a convenience costs money. It transfers(转换) much of the time and work of meal preparation from the kitchen to the food plant.

　　Economists tell us that many modern housewives have jobs outside their home. They make money that helps to pay the family food bills. The housewife naturally has less time and energy for cooking after a day's work．She wants to buy many kinds of food that can be put on her family's table easily and quickly.

　　“If the housewife wants all kinds of these,”the economists say,“that is her right, but she must be prepared to pay for those who make her work easier.”

1．The price of food increased by _____ in the United States from the year 1959 to 1972.

[　　]

A．about fifty percent

B．about twenty percent

C．nearly one third

D．nearly two thirds

2．According to the passage,“TV dinners”are usually _____.

[　　]

A．expensive food sold by TV stations

B．meat mixed with vegetables

C．fully-cooked food sold in shops

D．heated vegetables cooked on TV

3．The reason why food costs so much in America now is that _____.

[　　]

A．the price of everything has increased as well

B．a lot of work of food preparation has been done by food plants

C．American housewives have less time and energy

D．there isn't enough food for so many people

阅读理解

　　In the 1970s, with ever-increasing international travel and tourism, the United States Department of Transportation decided to design a set of symbols(符号)for airports, stations, and public facilities(设施). The aim was to design symbols that would be clear to people in a hurry and to those who can not read English. Therefore, the set of symbols shown below was designed. Then the designers planned an experiment with an international sample(抽样调查) of 8-year-old children from Sweden. Japan, France, Canada, and Britain. The purpose of the experiment was to determine how clear the symbols would be to the children, who were not experienced international travelers.

　　The children were shown the set of sample symbols, and were then asked to explain to the experimenters what the symbols meant. The researchers thought that if the international sample of children could understand them, the grown-up travelers would probably also recognize their meanings. The following graph(图表) shows the percentages of correctly explained symbols.

　　The experiments discovered that most of the children easily understand the telephone receiver and cigarette symbols. However, there were some interesting differences in their answers to the other four symbols. The Japanese children most easily understood the symbol standing for“coffee shop”. The experimenters thought that this fact showed children in Japan are more familiar with such shops than children in Sweden and Canada. The Japanese, French, and Canadian children all equally recognized the idea of“information”showed by the question mark.

　　Interestingly, the French and Canadian children understood the symbol referring to“campground(露营地)”better than the other children. Again, the researchers thought that recognition of a symbol shows how common the activity is in a country.

　　One particularly difficult symbol was that of the umbrella and glove used for“lost and found”, which was correctly explained by less than 50％ of the children in four of the five countries. On the basis(基础) of this finding, the experimenters decided to add a question mark to make this symbol easier to understand.

1．Which of the following shows the correct meaning of(X), (Y), and (Z) in the graph above?

[　　]

A．Campground, Coffee Shop, Lost and Found.

B．Lost and Found, Campground, Coffee Shop.

C．Coffee shop, Lost and Found, Campground.

D．Telephone, No smoking, Information.

2．If we compare the Japanese and French children's understanding of the question mark and cigarette symbols, then we can find a difference of _____ between these symbols.

[　　]

A．0％　　　B．10％

C．80％　　 D．90％

3．The _____ symbol was the most difficult for the Japanese children to understand.

[　　]

A．cup　　　B．question mark

C．tent　　　D．umbrella and glove

4．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

[　　]

A．The experimenters thought Japanese children drink coffee.

B．The most difficult symbol was changed to make it clearer.

C．The question mark symbol is the least difficult in all five countries.

阅读理解

　　Read these two advertisements, and then answer the questions.

　　When you stretch out in the sun you can do one of three things.

　　You can use no sun tan oil. You can use an ordinary sun tan oil. Or you can use Bergasol.

　　If you don't use any sun tan oil at all when you're in sun that is stronger than you're used to, you will burn surprisingly quickly.

　　If you use an ordinary sun tan oil you will protect your skin to a lesser or greater degree. How much depends on the“protection factor(系数)number”on the bottle.

　　Some of these oils block out so many of the sun's rays you can stay in the sun all day without burning--but you won't go very brown, either.

　　Bergasol will protect your skin like an ordinary sun tan oil. But Bergasol oil also has a tan accelerator(加速剂) which comes from the oil of the Bergamot fruit.

　　It speeds up the rate at which the sun activates(激活) the skin cells that produce melanin.

　　And it is melanin which gives the skin its brown colour.

　　So when you use Bergasol sun tan oil you go brown faster, and as the days pass the difference will become more and more obvious.

　　Unfortunately this special formulation isn't cheap to prepare. So Bergasol is rather more expensive than ordinary sun tan oil.

　　However the price looks more attractive as you do.

　　Protection

　　Many people imagine that“cover-up”means you don't get a tan. Nothing to show for your holiday. What a shame.

　　Not so. With“cover up”, you can get brown if you want to. The point of cover-up is to protect your skin from the harmful rays of the sun--the ones which, according to the experts, make your skin look older.

　　That's what Solex Cover-up is all about--protection for your skin. It has a Sun Protection Factor of 8, which makes it suitable for anyone.

　　Find 0ut how it works for you by consulting(咨询)the Solex Sun Chart. On sale wherever Solex is.

　　With Solex Cover-up, you can tan as slowly as you like. As gently as you like. And with much less chance of peeling.

　　Your tan will look better. Your skin will stay young longer. Solex Cover-up.

　　Gentle tan…full protection.

1．The underlined word“tan”is closest in meaning to _____.

A．brown　　　　B．protection

C．light　　　　 D．health

2．Both Bergasol and Solex serve to _____.

[　　]

A．treat various kinds of skin disease

B．help people enjoy the sun

C．help people get sun tan without being burnt

D．paint the skin with a brown color

3．What's special about Bergasol?

[　　]

A．It is more expensive than ordinary sun tan oil.

B．It has a tan accelerator that makes the skin go brown faster.

C．It has a protection-factor of 8, which makes it suitable for anyone.

D．It protects the skin from the harmful rays of the sun.

4．Which of the following decides how well your skin may be protected?

[　　]

A．The price.　　　B．Melanin.

C．Cover-up.　　　D．SPF number.