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　　The first person I saw as soon as I returned from my holidays was my grandfather. He 1 the front door for me and stood there, 2 me up and down in great surprise.

　　“What's the 3 with you?” He asked.

　　I was pale, dirty and tired 4 my journey, “I have been 5 on the Balkan EXPRESS(巴尔干快车).” I replied weakly, “and I haven't 6 a thing for over eighteen hours. As I didn't get a seat, I 7 most of my time in the corridor(走廊) 8 I was nearly trampled(踩) to death.”

　　“The Balkan Express!” My grandfather got 9 .“When I was a young man, that was a 10 train. There was a dining-car and you could 11 some of the best 12 and wines in Europe, I can even remember a time 13 a band played during 14 .”He looked at me up and down again, then added, “The 15 Balkan Express was the very best!”

　　“Times have changed, grandfather, ”I said 16 “Judging from your 17 , my boy, ”he answered, “They've changed for the 18 . Now you go and have a nice hot 19 , and I'll get you 20 warm to drink.”

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　　When we want to tell other people what we think or what we want, we can do it not only with the help of words, but also in many other ways. For example, we sometimes move our 1 up and down when we want to say“ 2 ”, and we move our heads from side to side when we want to say “ 3 ”. People who can neither hear nor 4 to each other can communicate with the help of their 5 . People who don't understand each other's 6 have to do the same. The following story shows 7 they sometimes do it.

　　An Englishman who couldn't speak Italian was once 8 in Italy. One day he entered a 9 and sat at a table. When the waiter came, the Englishman opened his mouth, put his 10 in it, took them out again and moved his 11 .In this way he want to say, “Bring me something to 12 .”The waiter soon brought him a cup of 13 . The Englishman shook his head and the waiter 14 that he didn't want tea, so he took 15 away and brought him some coffee. The Englishman was very 16 at this time and looked very 17 . He was just going to leave their restaurant when another 18 came in. When this man saw the 19 he put it hands on his 20 . That was enough. After a few minutes there was a large plate of bread and meat on the table for him.

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　　Today 1 will 2 money in exchange for 3 and services. People use money to buy food, books and 4 other things 5 they need or want. When they 6 , they usually get paid 7 money.

　　Most of the money today is 8 metal or paper. But people 9 all kinds of things as money. Out of the first 10 of money was shells.

　　Shells were not the only thing used as money. In China, 11 and knives were used. In the Phillippine 12 , 13 was used as money 14 . 15 , monkey tails, and 16 were used as money 17 .

　　The first metal coins were made in China. Different countries have used different metals 18 their money.

　　But metal coins were 19 . Then paper money 20 to be used.

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    When I got back to my hotel room at 7∶30 last night, there was a 1 that a Mr Frank Smith had telephoned at 3 o'clock in the afternoon. The message 2 that Mr Smith would appreciate(感激) my 3 the call as soon as I came in. I had no 4 who he was or what he wanted, but I thought I'd better 5 him. I noticed that there was 6 telephone number, and I wondered 7 the hotel operator would 8 an important message like this for me without writing down the 9 number. So I 10 up the phone and told the operator that I had a message to telephone somebody, but that it was 11 to make the call 12 the operator forgot to write down the number. She told me that she was 13 who took the message, but 14 Mr Smith had not 15 a number. She said 16 was an overseas (海外的) call and that she had talked with the overseas 17 , not with Mr Smith. I thanked her for the information and 18 to forget the whole thing. I knew there was 19 way I could find out who Mr Smith was or what he wanted 20 he decided to make the call again.

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　　Drawing a picture is the simplest way of putting an idea down on paper. That is 1 man first began to write six thousand years ago or 2 . The alphabet we now use 3 down to us over a long period of time. It was 4 from the picture-writing of ancient Egypt.

　　Picture-writing was useful in many 5 . It could be used to express ideas as well as 6 . For example, a drawing of a 7 meant the object “man”. 8 a drawing of a man 9 on the ground with a spear in him meant“ 10 ”.

　　Besides the Egyptians, the Chinese 11 the American Indians also developed ways 12 writing in pictures, but only 13 much could be said 14 . Thousands of pictures would have been needed 15 express all the ideas that people might have. It would have 16 many thousands more to express all objects 17 to men. No one could 18 so many pictures in a lifetime. 19 could anyone learn the meaning of all 20 drawing in lifetime.

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　　The Red Cross is an international organization which cares for people who are in need of help. A man in a Paris 1 who needs blood, a woman in Mexico who was 2 in an accident, and 3 in India that lost their 4 in a storm may all be 5 by the Red Cross.

　　The Red Cross 6 in almost every country around the 7 . The world Red Cross Organizations are sometimes 8 the Sun or the Red Lion. All of these organizations 9 a common aim of 10 to help people in need.

　　The idea 11 an organization to help the sick and wounded during a war was 12 by Joan Dunant. In 1895, he 13 how people were 14 on a battlefield. In Italy, he wanted to help all the wounded people 15 which side they were fighting for. The most important 16 of his work was an international treaty(条约). It 17 prisoners of war, the sick and wounded, and other 18 during a war.

　　The American Red Cross was 19 by Lara Barton in 1881. Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of 20 for the public.

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　　Switzerland is famous for its watches. However, this country didn't 1 the watch. It was the British who 2 it. Here is a story 3 the watch was brought to 4 .

　　Many years ago and Englishman 5 Italy. On his way he 6 in a small town in Switzerland 7 Geneva. 8 Englishman travelled in a carriage, on the top of which there was a carriage watch. This was the 9 kind of watch. A blacksmith's (铁匠的) assistant 10 to see the watch. He 11 what it was and asked the Englishman about it. “It's a carriage watch, ” said the man. “This machine 12 the time but now it 13 .”

　　At once the blacksmith's assistant offered (提议) to try to repair it. So the traveller 14 him the watch. The assistant was a very 15 man. So it was not surprising that he 16 to repair it. He even remembered how it was 17 . As soon as the traveller 18 on his way he made a watch of exactly 19 type.

　　So watch-making was started in Switzerland. Today Swiss watches are 20 all over the world.

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　　Radio and television 1 very popular 2 the world today. 3 of the people watch TV, perhaps more people 4 the radio.

　　The TV is of course 5 than the radio. 6  TV you can see and hear what is 7 in the world. However, radio is 8 disappearing. It is still 9 us. And 10 of listeners is becoming 11 . A transistor radio is 12 very small. Ii is very 13 to carry. You can listen to it 14 the bus or on your bike when you 15 to work. 16 , radio broadcasts are 17 for blind people. The sight of many old people is not 18 enough to watch TV. Then when people are working, they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news 19 the radio. What's more, radio is much 20 than TV.

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　　When I was twelve, I suddenly developed a strong feeling for writing poetry (诗歌). I gave up all my other hobbies (爱好), such as 1 stamps , and spent all my spare time reading poetry and writing it. The 2 of writing poetry on every possible occasion (机会) soon got me into 3 at school. If a lesson did not 4 me, I would take out my notebook and started 5 poems in class. Of course I did this very 6 but it was not long before I got 7 . One day I was busy writing a poem during a lesson. I looked up to 8 the teacher standing before me in 9 because I was not paying attention. He tore up (撕毁) the poem, with a 10 not to waste time in his lesson. As usual I was 11 that I had written a good poem, 12 that evening I wrote it out from memory (记忆) again. Not long after that, I 13 a poetry competition in a newspaper and I 14 to send in my poem. Weeks later, long after I 15 hope.I got a letter, informing (通知) me that I had 16 the first prize. Everyone at school 17 me for it 18 the geography teacher, who watched me more 19 than ever. He was quite afraid that I was not going to write poetry in his 20 !

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    It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleep-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their 1 . This was the beginning of another 2 day in New York City. 3 this day was to be different.

    Waiting 4 the crowded streets, on top of a 5 110 storeys high, was Philip Petit. This daring Frenchman was about to 6 a tightrope (绷索) between the two towers of the World Trade Center.

    Philip took his first 7 with great care. The wire held. Now he was 8 he could do it. 9 only a balancing pole, Philip walked his way across, a 10 of 131 feet.

    Soon the rush-hour 11 began to notice. What a 12 ! There, 1350 feet above the street, a 13 figure was walking on air.

    Philip made seven 14 , back and forth. He wasn't satisfied with just 15 . At times , he would turn, sit down, and 16 go on his knees. Once he had the astonishing 17 to lie down on the thin thread. And thousands of 18 watchers started with their hearts beating fast.

    After the forty-five-minute 19 , Philip was taken to the police station. He was asked 20 he did it. Philip shrugged (耸肩) and said. “When I see two tall buildings, I walk.”

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