Laziness is regarded as wrong or shameful, as everyone knows．We have probably had lectures pointing out that laziness is not good, not following accepted principles, that it is wasteful, and that lazy people will never amount to anything in life．But laziness can be more harmful than that, which is often caused by complex reasons than simple wish to avoid work．Some people who appears to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems．They may be so distrustful of their fellow workers that they are unable to join in any group task for fear of being laughed at or fear of having their ideas stolen．These people who seem lazy may be paralyzed by a fear of failure that prevents fruitful work．Or other sorts of fantasies may prevent work; some people are so busy planning, sometimes planning great deals or fantastic achievements that they are unable to deal with whatever“less”work is on hand．Still other people are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are merely delaying doing things．
In spite of that, laziness can actually be helpful．Some people may look lazy when they are really thinking, planning, contemplating(沉思)or researching．We should all remember that some great scientific discoveries occurred by chance or while someone was goofing off．Newton wasn't working in the orchard when the apple hit him and he discovered the theory of gravity．All of us would like to have someone“lazy”build the car or stove we buy, particularly if that“laziness”were caused by the worker's taking time to“lazy”－that is, taking time off for a rest is good for the overworked student．Taking a rest can be particularly helpful to the athlete who is trying too hard or the doctor who is simply working himself overtime too many evenings at the clinic．So be careful when you see someone lazy．That person may be thinking, or planning his or her next book．
(1)
Please find out the topic sentence of each paragraph．
Paragraph 1：________________
Paragraph 2：________________
(2)
The main idea of this passage is ________．
[ ]
A．
laziness is wasteful, harmful and distrustful
B．
lazy people are unsure of themselves
C．
there are advantages and disadvantages in being lazy
D．
laziness is the sign of deep-seated problems of feelings
(3)
In this passage, there are many“-ing”participles or gerunds, what are their functions in the sentence?
1)“pointing out”is used as ________
2)“not following”is used as ________
3)“being laughed at”and“having their ideas stolen are used as ________
4)“planning”is used as ________
5)“strictly speaking”is used as ________
6)“doing things”is used as ________
7)“taking time off for a rest”is used as ________
(4)
1)“which is often caused by”can be changed into ________．
A．often caused by
B．often causing by
C．being caused by
D．to be caused by
2)Please use participle as noun modifier to replace the attributive clauses：
(1)“who appears to be lazy”can be changed into“________”．
(2)“who is trying too hard”can be changed into“________”．
(5)
Can we change“while someone was goofing off”into“while goofing off”in the sentence?
