Anyone for rocket salad? The Chinese are now growing huge vegetables from seeds they sent into space.  

If you are the type who worries about the air miles travelled by fruits and vegetables, these beauties aren’t for you. It's because they have travelled a little further than most.

The seeds from which they grew were fired into space,  where they orbited the earth for two weeks. Once they returned they   were grown in hothouses, producing the monster kinds seen here.  

China, which is behind these space fruits and vegetables, says they could be the answer to the world's food crisis.  

The 21-pound tomatoes, nine-inch chillies,   15-stone pumpkins and large watermelons growing at the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences’ hothouses   can feed many more than their smaller cousins, and may have more nutrients, the scientists say.  

Researcher Lo Zhigang said, "Traditional agricultural development has taken us as far as we can go and demand for food from a growing population is endless. Space seeds offer the opportunity to grow fruits and vegetables bigger and faster. " 

He admitted he and his colleagues could not explain why time in orbit caused the seeds to change genetic structure. But they guessed exposure to the cosmic(宇宙的)radiation that attacked the spacecraft in orbit, as well as   the near zero gravity conditions, microgravity, could play a part.  

"We don't think there's any threat to human health because the genes themselves do not change; just their order changes," he said. "With genetically-modified(GM)crops you have seen environmental problems because they have added genes that can damage other organisms. But with space seeds they don't gain genes; they can only lose them. " 

He also claimed the Vitamin C content in some space vegetables was nearly three times higher than in common vegetables, while levels of zinc are also increased.  

Western scientists are doubtful. NASA researchers who have experimented with seeds in space say there is not enough benefit to show the cost is reasonable.  

1.What do the underlined words "these beauties" in Paragraph 2 probably refer to ______?

A. Beautiful views along the air routes.

B. Travelling experiences in space.

C. Seeds fired into space.  

D. Giant vegetables.  

2.We can infer from Lo’s words in Paragraph 6 that _______.   

A. our conventional agriculture has developed too slowly.

B. we are asking too much from nature 

C. space seeds may help meet our demand for food 

D. we'll grow crops in space in the future

3.Why the seeds changed their genetic structure _______.

A. remains to be proved 

B. is discovered by Lo Zhigang

C. has something to do with the conditions in hothouses 

D. is due to the radiation that attacked them directly 

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Western scientists’ doubt is unreasonable.

B. Western scientists don’t believe that Chinese scientists have succeeded in the experiment.

C. Western scientists have proved space seeds to be of no benefit.

D. Western scientists think the cost of space seeds outweighs the benefits

 

 

Researchers have just offered evidence in a study that says obesity appears to spread through social ties, much like a virus. When one person gains weight, their close friends often follow, but the finding might also offer hope.

If friends help make obesity acceptable, then might also be influential in losing the fat. The researchers note that support groups are already an effective tool in dealing with other socially influenced problems, like alcoholism. 

The findings appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine, The researchers used information collected from 12,000 people. It was collected between 1971 and 2003 as part of the Framingham Heart Study.

The information was highly detailed. There was   even contact information for close friends of the people in the study.  

The researchers examined more than 40,000 social ties. They found that a person’s chances of becoming severely overweight increased by 57% if a   friend had become obese.

Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School was a lead investigator in the study. He says there is a direct causal relationship between a person getting fat and being followed in weight gain by a friend. 

The study found that the sex of the friends was also an influence. In same-sex friendships, a person had a 70% increased risk of becoming obese. Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in brothers. In sisters, it was 67%. Between husbands and wives, it was a little less than 40%. 

The researchers also considered the effect of where people lived in relation to each other. James Fowler of the University of California, San Diego, was the other lead investigator. He says a friend who lives a few hundred kilometers away has as much influence as one in the same neighborhood. He says the study demonstrates the need to consider that a major part of people’s health is tied to their social connections.

Both investigators say their research shows that obesity is not just a private medical issue, but a public health problem.

1.What does the underlined sentence in Para2.mean?

A. Obesity has a negative influence on a close friend. 

B. Friends might also play a part in losing weight. 

C. One might have a positive influence on one’s friend.

D. Friends usually don’t follow each other to lose weight.

2.Who is mostly likely to gain weight?

A. A man who has a fat brother.       

B. A husband who has a fat wife. 

C. A wife who has a fat husband. 

D. A woman who a fat female friend.

3.Which of the following statements doesn’t the passage agree with?

A. You are sure to lose weight if you have a skinny friend.

B. If one gains weight, one’s friends are likely to get fat. 

C. A person’s health is closely linked with his /her social relationship. 

D. Even if the friend lives far away, the influence still remains.

4.The reason why the study involves both family members and friends is that _____.

A. researchers fail to find a more different sample

B. researchers have different ideas for family members and friends 

C. researchers can meet these people regularly

D. researchers can compare the results 

 

 

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