IV、写作（共两节，满分为40分）

第一节 基础写作（共1题，满分15分）

2009年10月31日，著名科学家钱学森在北京逝世。请根据下列信息以“A Great Scientist”为题写一篇介绍钱学森的英语短文。

[写作要求]

1）只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。

2）介绍须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐条译成英语。

3）参考词汇：中国科协Chinese Technology Association                

两弹一星‘two bombs and one satellite’

导弹 missile   航空航天 aerospace

[评分标准]

   句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

第二节  读写任务（共1题，满分25分）

阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

  As I got into a taxi one afternoon, the driver was very angry about something that had happened to him earlier that day. Here’s how he told the story:

“One of my fares (旅客) left a wallet in my cab this morning. Nearly three hundred dollars in it. I spent more than an hour trying to trace the guy. Finally I found him at his hotel. He took the wallet without a word and glared at me as though I’d meant to steal it.”

“He didn’t give you a reward?” I asked.

“Not a cent. But it wasn’t the money I wanted,” he fumbled, then exploded, “If the guy had only said something…”

Why was the driver so upset? All he wanted was something simple, but even more valuable than money: to be thanked for his efforts. In short, what he wanted, what he needed but did not get, was a little bit of gratitude.

[写作内容]

1．概括故事的内容要点，以此引入话题，该部分的词数大约30；

2．以约120个词就“感激”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下内容要点：

   1）什么是感激（gratitude）？

   2）感激的表现方式。

   3）表达感激最重要在于真诚（sincere）。

   4）故事的启示和你的结论。

[写作要求]

你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。

2.  作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]

     概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯

第一节 完形填空 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)

    阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It is so easy for us to overspend our income. Credit cards are    21    to obtain, especially when you pay your bills on time. Companies will try to make you keep    22    until you can’t keep up and then they will make your life very    23   .

You can avoid major    24    in several ways. Have a plan. Set up a budget (预算) with measurable goals and stick to it, which will save you a lot of frustration (沮丧) later. Set up a saving account that you can use only in case of    25   . Set up another account for your    26   . Do it as early as you can and don’t touch it until you retire. Decide which bills are to be paid out of each check and pay those first.

If there is anything left, you can buy groceries, go out to    27    or go to the movies. Consider setting up an account that automatically pays your bills each month so that you don’t have to do it every month. You could have a household account. Have your check deposited in the household account and don’t    28    money out of the household account if the balance falls below the account that you set    29   . In my opinion, it’s wise for you to have health    30   , which can really save you money. As we know, a broken leg can save you $20,000 or more!

21. A. eager              B. easy                        C. fast           D. hard

22. A. charging          B. working           C. studying       D. saving

23. A. colorful          B. unhappy            C. hopeful              D. energetic

24. A. arguments        B. cases             C. problems      D. negotiations

25. A. fire              B. danger                C. emergency    D. disease

26. A. promotion        B. retirement             C. family        D. development

27. A. study            B. walk            C. eat           D. rest 

28. A. take             B. drive               C. pull          D. keep

29. A. regularly         B. afterwards          C. earlier        D. finally

30. A. guard           B. insurance             C. check         D. information

第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。

   Last year, I was driving home one night, just around the holidays.  I was about to turn onto the highway 31  I noticed a rather sad looking figure holding a sign.   I honestly don't recall 32  the sign read, but I did know that it was getting very cold outside.  This man was obviously homeless, and was completely exposed 33  the elements.

I happened 34 (purchase) a new blanket.  It was in my car, still packed in plastic from the store.  I thought for a moment, 35 (roll) down the window, and gestured to the man.  He ran over to my vehicle.  I told him that he looked cold, and he laughed.  I explained that while I didn't carry any cash, I 36  happen to have a new blanket, and asked him if he could use it.   He was thrilled.  I told him that it was 37 , as long as he agreed to do something kind for someone else 38  return.

I am pretty sure that  39  made his day, and kept him warm through the evening. 

I know I felt the 40 (warm).

Ⅲ 阅读 (共两节，满分40分)

第一节 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the idea that he is not capable of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the most of his mental faculties (机能), or he may accept another person's mistaken estimate (评价) of his ability. Older people may be handicapped (阻碍) by the mistaken belief that they are incapable of learning anything new because of their age.

A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real effort, because he feels that it would be useless. He won’t go at a job with the confidence necessary for success. He is therefore likely to fail, and the failure will strengthen his belief in his incompetence. Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience which illustrates this. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic. His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents what she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea, “Isn’t it too bad that Alfred can’t do arithmetic?” He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, felt that it was useless to try, and was very poor at arithmetic, just as they expected.

One day Adler succeeded in solving a problem which none of the other students had been able to solve. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea that he couldn’t do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His newfound confidence stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became extraordinary good at arithmetic.

This experience made him realize that many people have more ability than they think they have, and that lack of success is as often the result of lack of knowledge of how to apply one’s ability, lack of confidence, and lack of determination as it is the result of lack of ability.

41. Why might a person be prevented from doing good work?  _______.

A. Because he thinks he is old enough to make the most of his mental facilities

B. Because he accepts another person’s mistaken estimate of his ability

C. Because he has the idea that he is incapable of doing everything

D. Because he believes in what other people think of him

42. A person who believes in his low ability will________.

   A. spare no efforts to do things

   B. fail to go at a job but never lose heart

   C. change to learn other course instead of mathematics

   D. show complete lack of confidence

43. As a boy, Alfred Adler was poor at arithmetic because ________.

   A. he lost his self-confidence

   B. he was weak in thinking

   C. his parents expected too much of him

   D. his teacher had no confidence in herself

44. Which of the following is the most important factor to Alder's success? ______

   A. Spirit and experience               B. Interest and self-respect

   C. Confidence and determination        D. Purpose and knowledge

45. Alder’s experience made him realize that _______.

   A. people are not as capable as they think

   B. people can be more capable than they think

   C. lack of confidence leads to failure

   D. lack of ability results in lack of determination

Traffic jam and cities, it seems, go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic; but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In particular, traffic engineers, transportation planners, and public officials responsible for transportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized for failing to solve traffic jam.

But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long queues at restaurants or theater box offices are seen as signs of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any differently? I think we should recognize that traffic jam is an unpreventable by-product of successful cities, and view the “traffic problem” in a different light.

Cities exist because they promote social interactions and economic transactions.

Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally and economically successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying cities don’t have much traffic. New York and Los Angeles are America’s most crowded cities. But if you want access to major brokerage houses (经纪行), you will find them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities. And if your firm needs access to post-production film editors or satellite-guidance engineers, you will reach them more quickly through the crowded freeways of LA than through less crowded roads elsewhere.

Despite traffic jam, a larger number and wider variety of social interactions and economic transactions can be made perfect in large, crowded cities than elsewhere. Seen in this light, traffic jam is an unfortunate consequence of prosperity, not a cause of economic decline and urban decay.

So while we can consider traffic jam as increasing costs on the areas of big cities, the costs of inaccessibility (交通不便) in uncrowded places are almost certainly greater.

There is no doubt that traffic jam brings the terrible economic and environmental damage in places like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Lagos. But mobility is far higher and traffic jam levels are far lower here in the US, even in our most crowded cities. That’s why, for now, we don’t see people and capital streaming out of San Francisco and Chicago, heading for cities like California, and Illinois.

46. We can conclude from the first paragraph that_______.

   A. traffic jam and weather are the two factors preventing the development of the big city

   B. traffic jam seems to be very difficult to deal with

   C. if traffic engineers try their best, traffic jam can be solved

   D. public officials are always criticized for misusing their power

47. According to the passage, what’s the author’s opinion towards traffic jam？_____

   A. In cities, traffic jam is unavoidable.

   B. Traffic jam is both a sign of failure and a sign of success.

   C. Traffic jam is the consequence of successful cities.

   D. For a successful city, traffic jam is not unpreventable.

48. By saying “decaying” (in Para. 4), the writer probably means_______.

   A. declining             B. developing 

C. rich and successful     D. strong and healthy

49. According to this article, which statement about “New York” and “Los Angeles” is true? _____

   A. The traffic jam in the two cities has been worsened.

   B. New York and Los Angeles are the most successful cities in the USA.

   C. It is easier to reach major brokerage houses in the two cities than in other cities.

   D. Despite the traffic jam in LA, you’ll find a satellite-guidance engineer more quickly there.

50. What can we learn from the last paragraph? _______

   A. Traffic jam has caused terrible bad effects in cities such as Bangkok and Lagos.

   B. The traffic jam in San Francisco has resulted in the capital becoming empty.

   C. The traffic jam level in Jakarta is lower than that in the US.

   D. California is as crowded and successful as San Francisco.

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-also called “second-hand smoke” and “passive smoking” contains over 4 000 chemicals, including over 50 known carcinogens (致癌物) and many poisonous things. No safe level of ETS exposure has been proved. Nor is there any expectation that further research will identify such a level.

Several recent reviews have confirmed the serious risks to health and life associated with passive smoking. Long time exposure to second-hand smoke has been proved as a cause of many of the same diseases caused by active smoking, including lung cancer, cardiovascular (心脏血管的) disease, and childhood disease.

Living with a smoker has been shown to increase the risk of coronary heart disease (冠心病) among non-smokers by 25-30% (a recent study indicates that this figure may actually be higher). There is also growing evidence that passive smoking is causally linked to stroke in non-smokers, although further research is needed to estimate the risk.

Second-hand smoke is especially dangerous for young children and infants, being associated with sudden infant death, pneumonia, bronchitis (支气管炎), asthma (哮喘) and respiratory symptoms as well as middle ear disease. ETS exposure in pregnant women can cause lower birth weight, foetal (胎儿的) death and preterm delivery.

Most of the adverse health outcomes brought about by ETS show that the risk increases steadily with increasing exposure. The level of individual risk is lower compared to active smoking. Nevertheless, the fact that large numbers of people are exposed results in a substantial burden of disease.

    Action on smoke-free environments would not only protect people from the harm of ETS exposure but also contribute to the reduction of tobacco consumption in the whole population. The health effects of reduced passive and active smoking would include reduced illness and death from major disease types-in particular lung cancer, coronary heart disease, and stroke-and increased life expectancy.

51. Which of the following statements is true? _______

  A. Although ETS contains many harmful things, it is not unsafe.

  B. The fact that second-hand smoke is safe has been recently found.

  C. It is expected that further research will be done to test the level of ETS.

  D. By far the safe level of ETS has not been found and will not in the future.

52. Cardiovascular disease can be caused by _______.

   A. long time passive smoking    B. accidental active smoking

   B. occasional passive smoking   D. short term active smoking

53. According to the article, the statements about the risk of coronary heart disease are wrong EXCEPT that________

A. if you smoke, the risk of this disease will increase by 25-30%. 

B. the non-smokers exposed to smoke will increase the risk of this disease by 25-30%.

C. for the smokers, the risk of getting this disease is higher than that of the non-smokers.

D. the non-smokers exposed to smoke will be more easily to get this disease than the smokers.

54. What does the underlined word “delivery” mean? ________.

   A. Transferring to another     B. Giving birth   C. Throwing away   D. Giving out

55. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? ______

   A. To introduce what is ETS.

   B. To tell the readers how to avoid ETS.

   C. To call for the action against ETS.

   D. To warn the readers against smoking.

第二节 信息匹配 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

首先请阅读下列名胜介绍及基本信息：

A. Mauritius, an island lying off the southeast Africa in the Indian Ocean. The pleasant tropical climate and scenery provides the perfect setting to enjoy everything. The sea is full of colorful life that lives around the coral reef. This makes Mauritius a wonderful place for swimming and diving.

B. Las Vegas is really a fascinating city, where you can dine in the finest restaurants, shop in the chicest stores, and watch world-class entertainment. Maybe you will become a millionaire or lose all your money overnight. What’s so clever about Las Vegas is that it makes absolutely certain that you have such a good time that you don’t mind losing a bit of money along the way. That’s why they don’t even call it “gambling” any more, but “gaming”.

C. Few cities leave the visitors with such vivid impressions; the whole city is something of a work of art. And annual film festival is held with a refreshing emphasis on art. Few cities can compete with the thousands of cafes, bars and restaurants that line every Parisian street. And along the street you will be fascinated by the beautiful window shows of various clothes.

D. Kitzbuhel is a paradise for all the skiers. With fine weather and breath-taking scenery, it is a world-class ski resort. Every winter, thousands of people come from all parts of the world to challenge themselves.

E. Jerusalem is regarded as a holy place by Jews, Muslims and Christians. For Jews, it is where their ancestors built the first and second temples. For Christians, the city was the scene of Jesus’ life. However, since the war broke out, people there have suffered a lot, the situation has been tense, and peace is just a dream.

F. The old Nile brought about the civilization of Egypt; people there regard it as “the mother river” of them. On both sides of the Nile stand noble pyramids which were built as the tombs of the ancient pharaohs. Along with the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, the Great Sphinx is one of the greatest and most studied monuments of human history.

现在，请阅读下面信息，根据他们的实际情况，进行信息匹配。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

56. Smith is a professor who does research on ancient buildings. This month, his university gives a reward to him for his great contributions. So now an idea of traveling to a new place to continue his study has come into his mind.

57. Though Lola is a woman reporter, she is brave enough to go deep into the places at war. This year, she was honored as “Rose of Front”. Next month, she will go to a place at war. She is confident to do her work well and give people the most brief and real reports.

58. Alice and Simon are going to get married. They want to hold an underwater wedding in a special place, which has beautiful scenery, silver sand, delicious seafood and luxurious hotels, where they can enjoy themselves.

59. Jane is a modern girl, who is a crazy fan of rock music and films. She has a romantic dream, that is, one day, she will go to a beautiful place to appreciate all the attractive music and films with a cup of coffee in her hand.

60. Tom is really depressed these days. Owing to his bad management, his company closed. He wants to go to a place to try his fortune so that he can start his business again in the near future.

Ⅳ 写作(共两节，满分40分)

基础写作 (共1小题，满分15分)

[写作内容]

你班同学开展了一场“司机醉驾是否应该处罚乘客”的讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，给报社写一封信，介绍讨论的情况，并发表你的看法。

[写作要求]

1. 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；

    2. 首句已经给出，不计入总句数。

[评分标准]

    句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

Dear Editor,

I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we’ve had about whether passengers who ride in a car driven by a drunken driver should be punished.

    ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

                                           Li Hua

第二节 读写任务 （共1小题，满分25分）

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

A little boy is telling his Grandma how "everything" is going wrong. School, family problems, severe health problems, etc.

Meanwhile, Grandma is baking a cake. She asks her grandson if he would like a cake, which, of course, he does.

"Here, have some cooking oil."

"Terrible!" says the boy.

     "How about a couple raw eggs?"

     " Terrible! Grandma!"

     "Would you like some flour then? Or maybe baking soda?"

     "Grandma, those are all awful!"

     To which Grandma replies: “Yes, all those things seem bad by themselves, but when they are put together in the right way, they make a wonderfully delicious cake!

“Life works the same way. Many times we wonder why it would let us go through such bad and difficult times. But life knows that when it puts these things all in its order, they always work for good!

“The trials（考验） of life serve a meaningful purpose in making us stronger. Do not lose heart if life is not easy for you right now, but encourage yourself and know you will be much stronger mentally and physically because of the trials of life. ”

[写作内容]

1．以约30个词概括这段短文的内容；

2．然后以约120个词以“Facing the Trials of Life”为题进行议论，内容包括：

    (1) 你阅读短文后的感受；

    (2) 简述你经历过的一次困难或考验；

    (3) 你认为应当如何看待生活中的考验。

 [写作要求]

1．在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。