Paris is the capital of France, a country in the west of Europe. It is also one of the most beautiful and most famous cities in the world.

Paris is called the City of Light. It is also an international fashion center. What modern women are wearing in Paris will soon be worn by many women in other parts of the world. Paris is also a famous world center of education. For instance, the headquarters of UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, is in Paris.

The Seine River divides the city into two parts. Thirty-two bridges cross this scenic river. The oldest and perhaps most well-known is the Pont Neuf, which was built in the sixteenth century. The Sorbonne, a famous university, is located on the Left Bank (south side) of the river. The beautiful white church Sacre Coeur lies on top of the hill called Montmartre on the Right Bank (north bank) of the Seine.

There are many other famous places in Paris, such as the famous museum the Louvre as well as the cathedral of Notre Dame. However, the most famous landmark in this city must be the Eiffel Tower.

Paris is named after a group of people called the Parisii. They built a small village on an island in the middle of the Seine River about two thousand years ago. This island, called the le de la Cite, is where Notre Dame is located. Today around eight million people live in the Paris area.

1. The best title for the text would be ______.

A. The City of Paris    B. The French Language                                      

C. Education and Culture in France       D. The Eiffel Tower, the Symbol of Paris

2.The underlined word “headquarters” (paragraph 2) means _______.

A. buildings    B. research center   C. market   D. head office

3.We can infer from the text that Notre Dame is located ______.

A. on the Right Bank   B. on the Left Bank   C. on neither bank   D. on both banks

 

There is an English saying , “Laughter is the best medicine.” __1.__ Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health.

Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched the funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. __2.___ It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.

___3.__ In one experiment, doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programmes. The group that tolerated (忍受) the pain for the longest time was the groups which listened to a funny programmes.  ___4.___

In this way ___5.___ they help to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.

A.     The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish (减少) both stress and pain.

B.      Until recently, few people took the saying seriously.

C.      Laughter and physical exercise have similar effects on the human body.

D.     It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.

E.      As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics.

F.      Laughter could produce a kind of chemical.

G.     Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.

 

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