Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.

     "We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."

     According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.

     The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

     It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."

     In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

1.The discovery shows that Westerners      .

    A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth

    B. consider facial expressions universally reliable

    C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions                                     

2.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The participants in the study.        B. The researchers of the study.

C. The errors made during the study.    D. The data collected from the study.                    

3. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to         .

A. do translation more successfully       

B. study the mouth more frequently

C. examine the eyes more attentively      

D. read facial expressions more correctly  

4.What can be the best title for the passage?

    A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul

B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills

D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding                                              

The sea has always interested man. From it he can get food, minerals, and treasure.   1.   But he could not go far beneath its surface.

    2.    However, he is not a fish. He must breathe air, so he can’t stay under the water’s surface for any length of time. To explore deep water, man faces even more dangers and problems.

　　A diver who wants to stay under water for more than a few minutes must breathe air or a special mixture of gases.  3.    He can carry a tank of air on his back and breathe through a nose and a mouthpiece. Water weighs 800 times as much as air. Tons of water pushes against a diver deep in the sea.  4.  

When a diver is under great pressure, his blood takes in some of the gases he breathes. As he rises to surface, the water pressure becomes less. If the diver rises too quickly, the gases in his blood form bubbles(气泡). The diver is then suffering from the bends(潜水夫病). The bends can cause a diver to double up in pain.   5.  

A. His body is under great pressure.

B. Scientists are trying to find more about the sea.

C. For thousands of years, he could sail on it.

D. They can even kill him.

E. He can wear a diving suit and have air pumped to him from above.

F. The water pressure can cause a diver to breathe with difficulty.

G. Man wants to explore deep into the sea.

We'll never forget the day which my classmates and I paid a visit to a

chemistry factory last week. It was a larger one with nearly 2,000 workers. It

looked a garden and we could see colorful flowers, grass and trees anywhere. We

also visited some workshops and saw workers worked very hard. We talked with

them and learned a lot of. We understood them further. On the way home we felt

tiring. We all thought that we had a very good day. We real hoped that we could

get more chances of leave the school and learn social experience.

假设你叫李华，做了几天上海世博会（Shanghai World Exposition）的志愿者volunteer，请你用英语给美国的笔友Tom写一封信，谈谈你当志愿者的心得体会，并鼓励其也做一名志愿者。要点如下：

1.       工作：辛苦而又快乐

2.       努力：练习口语更好服务

3.       感受：自豪、珍惜

4.       收获：合作（cooperation）和责任

注意：字数在100字左右，信件的开头和结尾都已给出，不计入总词数；可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。

Dear Tom,

How is everything going on?                                                   

                              Yours

Li hua

Jack is good, hard-working and intelligent. _____, I can’t speak too highly of him.

Oh, look! Here’s a photo ______ in my classroom at primary school. Can you recognize me in it?

Teachers should _____ on their students the value of hard work.

You ought to be stricter _____ your son; it’s no use only being strict _____ his work.

Most people admit _____ the fact that it is not easy _____ into a famous university.

I would appreciate _____ it a secret.