Many clothing manufacturers now substitute artificial silk _____ natural silk to cut down costs of production．

How many more decades will have to pass ____ scientists succeed in providing a cure for cancer?

_______ information cost him many chances of finding jobs．

The question occurred to me ______ we were to get the machine needed．

Advertising is different from other forms of communication _________the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered．

Our world ___________ to live in without so much pollution．

________, I think, and the problem could be settled．

--- Can I have a talk with you at about 5 this afternoon, Mr．Smith?

--- All right, I ______ to my office from a conference then．I will be waiting for you there．

（B）

The U．S．birthrate began to decline in the middle 1950’s, resulting in a smaller college age population starting in the middle 1970’s．Something else happened in the 1970’s: the price of oil increased greatly, driving up the price of almost everything and making Americans aware that their large automobiles used a lot of gasoline．At the same time, foreign car manufacturers had begun to produce small fuel efficient cars in large quantities for the export market．Suddenly, the large, gas guzzling American cars were no longer attractive to American buyers, who began buying foreign cars by the thousands．The American automobile industry went into a recession．Thousands of automotive workers were laid off, as were thousands of people in industries indirectly connected with the auto industry．

People who are laid off tend to keep what money they have for necessities, like food and housing．They do not have the extra money needed to send their children to college．Their children cannot pay their own college costs, because during a recession they cannot find jobs．High unemployment means that more state funds must be used for social service-----unemployment benefits, and to aid dependent children, for example-----than during more prosperous times．It also means, that the states have fewer funds than usual, because people are paying fewer taxes．Institutions of higher education depend on two major sources of income to keep them functioning: tuition from students and funds from the states．At the present time, there are fewer students than in the past and fewer state funds available for higher education．The colleges and universities are in trouble．

60．What is the main idea of this passage??

A．The rising of oil price drove up the price of everything．

B．There were many reasons why higher education was in trouble in the 1970’s．

C．Birthrate began to decline in the USA in 1950’s．

D．High unemployment caused a lot of social problems．

61．American cars were not popular in their domestic markets because they were____．

A．small              B．gas consuming             

C．fuel efficient          D．not attractive

62．The colleges and universities were in trouble because of the following reasons except that ____．

A．they couldn’t get enough income to keep them running

B．young people couldn’t afford the tuition fees

C．keeping them running at the same level would cost much more

D．social services need more state funds because of the recession

63．All of the following statements are true EXCEPT ____．

A．young people couldn’t afford their own tuition in the 1970’s

B．it’s difficult for graduates from colleges to find a job in the 1970’s

C．fewer parents could afford to send their children to college because of the recession in 1970’s

D．Birthrate dropped in the 1970’s because of the recession

（D）

As you move around your home, take a good look at the things you have．It’s likely that your living room will have a television set and a video, and your kitchen will have a washing machine and a microwave oven．Your bedroom drawers will be filled with almost three times as many clothes as you need． You almost certainly own a car and possibly a home computer, holiday abroad at least once a year and eat out at least once a week．

Now, perhaps, more than ever before, people are wondering what life is all about, and what it is for．Seeking material success is beginning to trouble large numbers of people around the world．They feel that the long-hour work culture to make more money to buy more things is eating up their lives, leaving them very little time or energy for family or pastimes．Many are turning to other ways of living and downshifting_is one of them．

Six percent of workers in Britain took the decision to downshift last year．One couple who downshifted is Daniel and Liz．They used to work in central London．He was a newspaper reporter and she used to work for an international bank．They would go to work by train every day from their large house in the suburbs （郊区）, leaving their two children with a nanny（保姆）．Most evenings Daniel wouldn’t get home until eight or nine o’clock, and nearly twice a month he would have to fly to New York for meetings．They both earned a large amount of money but began to feel that life was passing them by．

Nowadays, they run a farm in the mountains of Wales．“I always wanted to have a farm here,” says Daniel, “and we took almost a year to make the decision to downshift．It’s taken some getting used to, but it’s been worth it．We have to think twice now about spending money on car repairs and we no longer have any holidays．However, I think it’s made us stronger as a family, and the children are a lot happier．”

Liz, however, is not quite sure．“I used to enjoy my job, even though it was hard work and long hours．I’m not really a country girl, but I suppose I’m gradually getting used to looking after the animals．One thing I do like, though, is being able to see more of my children．My advice for other people wanting to do the same is not to think about it too much or you might not do it at all．”

68．What do the first two paragraphs tell us?

A．People seldom work long hours to make money．      

B．People hardly buy more things than necessary．

C．People are sure everything they own is in the right place．

D．People realize more is involved in life than just making money．

69．Daniel agrees that the move to the farm __________．

A．was easy to organize               B．has improved family life

C．was extremely expensive           D．has been a total success

70．The underlined word "downshifting" in the second paragraph means ________．

A．repairing your car by yourself

B．spending money carefully

C．moving out to the countryside to live a simpler and better life

D．living in a big house in the suburbs and dining out once a week