YOUR mom might cook a bowl of noodle for you on birthday. But in the US, a mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday.

Cupcakes are small, round cakes topped with frosting. It has been an American tradition that moms bring cupcakes to celebrate their child’s birthday.

But recently some doctors have called for this to be banned. They believe cupcakes contribute to child obesity.

Despite their good intentions, however, some people believe that experts are interfering with American culture. The cupcakes is seen as American as apple pie only prettier.

According to Marion Nestle, a professor of nutrition at New York university, the cupcakes is the most democratic of desserts. As they are small enough for one person, you don’t have go share your cupcake with anyone –it’s all yours. They are also all the same size, so there can’t be any cries of “she got the bigger piece!”

Each bite can taste different depending on how much icing you have. It is a lesson in self determination. Some people eat only a little of the frosting every time, other have it all in just one bite.

In recent years, eating a cupcake has become as trendy as having a cup of Starbucks coffee.

Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton jokingly promised on a talk show that if she was elected president, a he would give everyone a cupcake on her birthday.

Ruth Reichl, editor---in----chief of gourmet magazine, explains that the rise of the cupcake is very much about going buck to American national identity in food, which is all about comfort. “People want to about when they and their country were innocent,” she said.

1.According to the passage, it has been an American tradition that_______.

A. a party for children is held on their birthday

B. A mom cooks a bowl of noodles for her children on their birthday

C. A mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday and brings it to the classroom

D. parents go traveling with their children on their birthday

2.Why do doctors ask people to ban cupcake on children’s birthday?

A. Because they themselves don’t like cupcake

B. Because they think cupcakes are not so delicious

C. Because they believe cupcakes will cause cries of “she got the bigger piece”.

D. Because they believe cupcakes are one of the causes to make children become fat.

3.The following are true according to Marion Nestle expect that ______

A. the cupcake is more democratic than any other deserts in the US

B. the cupcake is too small to share with others

C. the sizes of cupcakes are the same so it is equal to everyone

D. cupcakes will lead to child obesity so they should be banned

4. Why did the writer mention Hillary Clinton and Ruth Reichl?

A. To arouse the readers’ attention

B. To show that cupcakes are becoming a popular to show kindness and comfort.

C. To make a comparison between them

D. To give readers a general idea of cupcakes

The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that flesh receives.

     The most widespread fallacy(谬误) of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.

During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕), cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.

In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz Concentration Camp(奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.

    If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.

No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin, but all they do is relieve the symptoms.

1. Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage?

   A. The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.            

   B. Colds are not caused by cold.

   C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.                      .  .

   D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.

2. Arctic explorers may catch colds when       .

   A. they are working in the isolated arctic regions

   B. they are writing reports in terribly cold weather

   C. they are free from work in the isolated arctic regions

   D. they are coming into touch again with the outside world

3. Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit       .

   A. suffered a lot   B. never caught colds   C. often caught colds  D. became very strong

4.The passage mainly discusses       .

   A. the experiments on the common cold            B. the fallacy about the common cold

   C. the reason and the way people catch colds        D. the continued spread of common colds

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填人一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。

观察下面的一幅漫画，用英语写一篇100-120左右题为"Birds with Weak Wings"的短文。

要求：1、简要描述漫画内容；    2、说明图示所反映的社会现状；

3、发表自己的观点和看法；4、参考词汇：农民工(off-farm workers)。

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He had hoped to tour the deserted temple for ____ fun but to his disappointment he didn’ t find ___ fun for doing that at all .

       A．/; /    B．/; the    C．the; the     D．a; the

–I think we can do it right now . Not tomorrow .

   --__________! Let’s get down to it now.

     A．I’m sorry.                 B．Come off it  

       C．You’re dead right         D．Absolutely not

I am very busy with urgent things ____ every minute of the day.

     A．to fill              B．filled        C．filling     D．fill

The alarm clock ______it was time for me to get up went off , _______my good dream .

       A．indicating; interrupting                   B．indicated; interrupting

       C．indicating; interrupted                         D．indicated; interrupted

How _____ you say that you have made great progress since there are so many mistakes in your test paper ?

     A．can       B．must        C．need       D．may

Think twice and time will _____what you have chosen is right or not .

       A．know       B．say    C．see    D．tell