Lichens (地衣) are difficult to see. They don’t move. They often mix into the living place. You might not even recognize one if you are looking right at it.

Lichens live on rocks, branches, houses, and even metal street signs. You can find these colorful organisms (微生物) almost everywhere — from deserts to rainforests, and from Antarctica to Africa. They’ve traveled in outer space, and some scientists think there might even be lichens on Mars.

What you probably don’t realize is that a lichen is more than a single thing. It includes two different types of living organisms: a fungus (菌类) and an alga (藻类). Neither of these organisms is a plant, so the lichen isn’t a plant either.

Through photosynthesis (光合作用), the alga gets the sun’s energy to make food for the fungus, which is the place for the alga to live in. However, the alga cannot leave the fungus.

Around the world, scientists have found tens of thousands of types of lichens. Many may not even have been discovered yet. As scientists continue to find new kinds of lichens, they are also working to understand how they are connected to one another. By putting together a lichen family tree, they hope to understand why so many different types of lichens have grown in so many places around the world.

Many researchers are trying to understand basic facts about the organisms and their connections. Researchers are also using lichens to examine the health of the environment.

1.What do we know about lichens according to the passage?

A. They will die if they leave Earth.

B. There are more lichens than plants on Earth.

C. They look similar to the environment around them.

D. They are too small to be easily seen by people.

2.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A. The way lichens live.

B. The natural environment of lichens.

C. The way lichens work as organisms.

D. The family tree of lichens.

3.Which of the following statements is NOT the scientists’ purposes of studying lichens?

A. To understand basic facts about them.

B. To creat a lichen family tree.

C. To understand how lichens are related to each other.

D. To understand why lichens can live in different places.

4.We can know from the passage that __________.

A. lichens can be used to better understand the environment

B. lichens don’t have any differences in colors or sizes

C. lichens don’t use photosynthesis like a green plant

D. scientists have discovered every kind of lichen

The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. _1._. There are over eighty of them scattered(分散,撒布) along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the “step” pyramid and “ Bent ”pyramid.

Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings.__ 2.__. These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last forever. __3._. However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. _4._. Nevertheless(然而), by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.

One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build. __5.__. You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.

       A．The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve(保护) the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.

       B．It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the

pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.

       C．The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.

       D．Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.

       E．Many people were killed while building the pyramids.

       F．They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will

continue to stand for thousands of years yet.

       G．It takes workers twenty years to build the Pyramids.

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误,在该行右边边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:

     此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。

     此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

     此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

    注意:原行没有错的不要改。

  I like playing football on the playground where is in   1._____

the north of our school. I like them because I can play        2. ______

football with friends happy and we can also have matches.    3.______

Although we are busy with our study, but we always         4._____

sparing as much time as possible to practise. As a matter      5.______

of fact, I begin playing football when I was only eight years   6.____

old, and I have been good in it. I joined the school team      7._____

as soon I entered senior high school. What fun it is to        8._____

play football, especially on the beautiful autumn days with    9.______

numbers of fallen leaf on the ground.                     10. ______

我们学校正在开展“创建文明班级，共建和谐校园”活动，请根据下表内容，以“A Meaningful Activity”为题目写一篇短文，向“China Daily”投稿，介绍有关情况。

注意：词数：100字左右

      参考词汇：civilization（n.文明）, harmonious（adj.和谐的）

      get rid of (摆脱,去除)  decoration(n.装饰)    spit(v.吐痰)[来源:]

    September 27, 2010, Sunday Sunny

This morning, my classmates and I rode to the park.________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

—Is Pro. Smith giving the speech today?

—It __________ be him. He is abroad right now.

    A. can’t        B. needn’t      C. won’t        D. mustn’t

Do you remember the name of the company ___________?

    A. where she works at               B. in which she works

    C. for which she works in           D. in where she works

—The windows are dirty.

    —I know. They _________ for weeks.

    A. haven’t cleaned                  B. didn’t clean

    C. weren’t cleaned                  D. haven’t been cleaned

—What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?

    —Well, it _______ be big—that’s not important. But it _________ have a nice garden—that’s important for me.

A. mustn’t; need                B. needn’t; must   

C. couldn’t; need               D. shouldn’t; must

The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ________ he could see what was going on inside the building.

    A. on which    B. at which    C. through which    D. in which

__________ she couldn’t understand was _________ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.

    A. What; why        B. That; what       C. What; because    D. Why; that