Nuclear energy has always been controversial. But since the tsunami and nuclear disaster in Fukushima (Japan) last year the issue is back in the headlines. And the world is divided— some countries are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.

After Fukushima, Germany decided to switch off all its nuclear plants by 2022. Switzerland and Italy are also phasing out nuclear power. But France and the United States remain staunch supporters of atomic energy. In fact, almost 80% of France’s electricity comes from nuclear power, the highest percentage in the world. And in the US, the Obama administration said it “continues to support the expansion of nuclear power, despite the crisis in Japan.”

Nuclear supporters claim nuclear power can help the environment. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power doesn’t create greenhouse gases. So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to generate energy without contributing to climate change. Britain’s chief scientific adviser (John Beddington) supports this view. He recently said that the world doesn’t have the luxury of ignoring nuclear energy.

Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind power may be clean, but they’re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher cost of using “green energy” is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills. This is of particular concern while the world economy is in such bad shape.

The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn’t safe. For a start, nuclear waste is very difficult to dispose of, and remains toxic to humans for thousands of years. And even before Fukushima, there were several high-profile nuclear disasters. The most famous is probably the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, in the Ukraine. The radiation from the meltdown spread all over Europe, affecting thousands.

The nuclear energy issue is very complex. And it doesn’t look like it’ll be resolved anytime soon. As a Japanese commentator recently said, “it’s been a bad year for the ‘nuclear village’, but I don’t think they’re down and out yet.” The battle continues.

1.Which of the following may NOT be the advantage of nuclear energy over other energy sources?

2.What does the underlined word “this” refer to in paragraph 4?

3.We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.

4.What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?

American beekeeping operations have been hit hard by what scientists call colony collapse disorder(C.C.D.). Almost half of their worker bees have disappeared during the past season. C.C.D. has also been reported in Israel, Europe and South America. Bees fly away from the hive and never return. Sometimes they are found dead; other times they are never found. Many crops and trees depend on pollination （授粉） by bees to help them grow.

A new report says virus may be at least partly responsible for the disorder in honey bee colonies in the United States. This virus is called Israeli acute paralysis virus. It was first identified in Israel in 2004. Ian Lipkin at Columbia University in New York and a team reported the new findings in Science magazine. Doctor Lipkin says the virus may not be the only cause. He says it may work with other causes to produce the collapse disorder.

The team found the virus in colonies with the help of a map of honey bee genes that was published last year. They examined thirty colonies affected by the disorder. They found evidence of the virus in twenty–five of them, and in one healthy colony. The next step is further testing of healthy hives.

The researchers suggested that the United States may have imported the disorder in bees from Australia. They say the bees may carry the virus but not be affected.

The idea is that unlike many American bees, the ability of Australian bees to fight disease has not been hurt by the varroa mite（全球性的蜂虱）. This insect attacks honey bees, which could make the disorder more likely to affect a hive. Australian bee producers reject these suspicions.

And some researchers suspect that bee production in the United States is down mainly because of the weather. Honey bees gather nectar（花蜜） from flowers and trees. The sweet liquid gives them food and material to make honey. But cold weather this spring in the Midwest reduced the flow of nectar in many flowers. Many bees may have starved. Dry weather in areas of the country could also be playing a part.

Wayne Esaias is a NASA space agency scientist who keeps bees in his free time. He lives in central Maryland, where he has found that flowers are blooming a month earlier than they did in 1970, which may be partly responsible for the disorder. Wayne Esaias is organizing a group of beekeepers to document nectar flow around the country.

1.The researchers found the virus ______.

2.What is the passage mainly about?

3.How many possibilities may be involved in the bee disorder according to the passage?

4.We can infer from the passage that ______.

根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案填涂在二卷对应位置（否则不予给分），选项中有两项多余选项。

A: Advance Reservations．Can I help you?

B: 1 

A: Yes, we do have a single room available for those dates．

B: What is the rate, please?

A: The current rate is $50 per night．

B: 2 ．

A: For $50 you will have a radio, a color television, a telephone and a major internatioal newspaper delivered to your room every day．

B: That sounds not bad at all．I’ll take it．

A: 3 ．

B: Yes, it is Charlson．

A: How do you spell it, please?

B: It’s C-H-A-R-L-S-O-N．

A: C-H-A-R-L-S-O-N． 4 ．

B: （010）888-1000．By the way, I’d like a quiet room away from the street if that is possible．

A: 5 ．OK．We look forward to your visit．

B: Thank you and good-bye．

A: Good-bye．

短文改错

Dear Hou Ting,

I am sorry that maths disappoint you, but you can’t give it up.

As you say, it is one of the most important subject and there

is a reason for this. We have to use maths from all the time.

Wherever your career takes you, maths will have to be using.

In fact , most employers and universities will accept people

who have failed or given up maths. All you can do is try your

best in maths and make the most use of time you had. If you

have trouble understand anything, the first person you should

tell is your teacher. That is often surprising how simple things

seem when you are explained properly — even maths problems!

目前，父母对孩子的生活、学习等方面包办现象非常普遍。请你描述这一现象以及带来的弊端，根据提示用英语写一篇短文。

1．分析该现象的原因；  2．你的建议（至少两方面 ）

注意：  1．词数100左右。       2．可适当增加细节。

Today in China,____________________________________________________________________

---Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it ________ purpose.

---That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _________ accident.

A ______ person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.

Was it in 2002 __________ he was still at middle school __________ the boy became expert at computer?

--- Mary had a traffic accident and has been sent to the hospital. Did you tell her boss about it?

--- Yes, but I _____ her husband first.

According to the flight schedules, the plane for Karshgar ________ at 11 am.