阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
［1］If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school，then you are prob-ably not sleeping well. Worry can keep you awake，tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep. When you wake up，you don't feel refreshed，but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day.
［2］ Dr. Henry Winkle，in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep，indicates that       .Dr. Winkle says，“The more we worry，the less we sleep，the more we are unable to deal with stress. If  we can find a way to get a good night's sleep，”he adds，“we can often find the energy to deal with what's worrying us.”
［3］So，what is a good night's sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot. Seven hours is about the average amount，though strangely enough，sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.
［4］Dr. Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired. A bedtime drink can also help，but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake.
［5］ “When you put the light out，” Dr. Winkle says，“concentrate on relaxing your muscles，working slowly up from your feet，and you 'll be asleep before you know it.”
【小题1】What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 5 words)
                                                             
【小题2】Complete the following statement with words from Paragraph 2. ( no more than 3 words)
People shouldn't go to sleep immediately but should          after working late in the night.
【小题3】Point out the disadvantage of drinking coffee and tea before going to bed. (no more than 6 words)
                                                             
【小题4】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 10 words)
                                                             
【小题5】What does the word “it” (Line2，Paragraph5) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
                                                             

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。
Cross-Cultural Solutions (CCS) is a non-profit organization founded in 1995, widely known as the leading organization in the field of international volunteering, with more than 4,000 volunteers each year. CCS has a worldwide staff（员工、团队） of more than 300 people, and operates in 12 countries, with administrative（行政的） offices also located in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. It offers volunteer programmes in 12 countries in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.
Cross-Cultural Solutions’ volunteer programmes in China are located in Xi’an,  the crossroads of Western and Eastern China, and the starting point of the Silk Road. Culturally, Xi’an is a mixture of the ancient and modern worlds. Home to the famous terracotta army, Xi’an was once the imperial capital of China. The city’s ancient history is embodied by the huge stone walls that surround the city centre, originally intended to protect the city from invasion. In the modern world, Xi’an is the largest capital city in Central and Western China. Today, with a population of approximately eight million, this modern city still reflects its rich history and culture.
China’s diverse population is well represented in Xi’an’s Han and other minorities. Volunteering in Xi’an will provide you with opportunities to connect with individuals from a variety of backgrounds, exposing you to the wide scope of Chinese culture, one of the largest and most ancient cultures in the world.
Through our cultural and learning activities in China, you will see the work of local artists, visit the site of the famous ancient terracotta（兵马俑） army, participate in weekly Chinese classes, and engage in lively discussions on Chinese culture and society. Activities may also include cooking classes or visits from experts in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine and a local painter skilled in the unique arts of Chinese painting and calligraphy(书法). Guest speakers may also cover topics such as Chinese folklore（民间传说,民俗;民俗学）and traditional Chinese music. Many volunteers choose to participate in regular visits to local universities to meet with students interested in English conversation and cultural exchange.
CCS offers the following programmes in Xi’an, China:
t Volunteer Abroad---- two to twelve weeks
t Intern Abroad---- three to four weeks
t Insight Abroad---- one week

阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Born in 1949, Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion. Like many young athletes, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games. The disappointment didn’t stop her from going forward. Instead, she became interested in marathon swimming. A brilliant athlete, she was well-conditioned for spending long periods of time in the water. As a long-distance swimmer, she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion.
For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world’s best long-distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women’s record for the course. In 1972 she set another record by swimming 102.5 miles from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida. Then she broke a third record when swimming around Manhattan Island in 1975.
Nyad attempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978. Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide, it is rough and dangerous. After battling the water for two days, she had to give for the sake of her own health and safety. Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reading Cuba. That is how she defined success. It did not matter that her swim came up short; she believed she had touched the other shore.
When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer, she continued to try new things---travelling the world as a reporter, writing books and giving public speeches about her life. Diana Nyad works to inspire others, just as she did when she swam the waters of the world.
【小题1】What prevented Nyad from taking part in the Olympic Games? (No more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】What does the underlined word “obstacles” mean? (1 word)
___________________________________________________________________________
【小题3】What achievement did Nyad make in 1970? (No more than 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________________________
【小题4】Why did Nyad believe that she had touched the other shore? (No more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________
【小题5】Please explain how you are inspired by Nyad. (No more than 20 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________

阅读下列材料，从所给的六个选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段落大意的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A. Mothers and Fathers Play Differently
B. Mothers and Fathers Parent Differently
C. Mothers and Fathers Solve Problems Differently
D. Mothers and Fathers regulate Differently
E. Mothers and Fathers Communicate Differently
F. Fathers Push Limits; Mothers Encourage Security
The following are some of the most compelling ways mother and father involvement make a positive
difference in a child’s life. Children need mom’s softness as well as dad’s roughhousing.
【小题1】________  This difference provides an important diversity of experiences for children. Stanford psychologist Eleanor Maccoby explains mothers and fathers respond differently to infants. Mothers are more likely to provide warm, nurturing care for a crying infant. This diversity in itself provides children with a broader, richer experience of contrasting relational interactions—more so than for children who are raised by only one gender. Whether they realize it or not, children are learning at earliest age that men and women are different and have different ways of dealing with life, other adults and their children.
【小题2】________  While both mothers and fathers are physical, fathers are physical in different ways. Fathers tickle more, they wrestle, and throw their children in the air. Fathers chase their children sometimes as playful, scary “monsters”. Mothers cuddle babies, and fathers bounce them. Fathers roughhouse while mothers are gentle. One style encourages independence while the other security. One study found 70 percent of father-infant games were more physical and action oriented while only 4 percent of mother-infant ones were like this.
【小题3】________  Go to any playground and listen to the parents. Who is encouraging their kids to swing or climb just a little higher, ride their bike just a little faster, throw just a little harder? Who is yelling, “slow down, not so high, not so hard!” Of course, fathers encourage children to take chances and mothers protect and are more cautious. This difference can cause disagreements between mom and dad on what is best for the child. Either of these guiding styles by themselves can be unhealthy. Joined together, they keep each other in balance and help children remain safe while expanding their experiences and confidence.
【小题4】________  A major study showed that when speaking to children, mothers and fathers are different. What fathers express tends to be more brief, directive, and to the point. It also makes greater use of subtle body language and facial expressions. Mothers tend to be more descriptive, personal and verbally encouraging. Children who do not have daily exposure to both will not learn how to understand and use both styles of conversation as they grow. These boys and girls will be at a disadvantage because they will experience these different ways of exchanging ideas in relationships with teachers, bosses and other authority figures.
【小题5】________  As a famous saying goes, nothingcanbeaccomplishedwithoutregulationsorstandards. Fathers stress justice fairness and duty (based on rules), while mothers emphasize sympathy, care and help (based on relationship). Fathers tend to observe and enforce rules systematically and sternly, which teach children the objectivity and consequences of right and wrong. Mothers tend toward grace and sympathy in the midst of disobedience, which provides a sense of hopefulness. Either of these by themselves is not good, but if together, they create a healthy, proper balance.

阅读下面的短文，请根据文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）
[1] Teens need independence, but how do you make sure they are safe? It’s tough to decide when to give your teen more freedom. One parent’s decision for his or her teen may not be right for other parents and their teens. Although every child is different, there are many experiences common to the teenage years. The most common may be the pull and push between dependence and independence.
[2] Many teens are putting themselves at risk for committing(从事) acts of violence and other crimes. No wonder so many parents are concerned, even frightened; no wonder so many try to control the behavior of their teenage children. So, it is important for parents to make rules for their young children.
[3] However, as children get older, they need to learn to make some of their own decisions and life choices. Teens need the chance to practice good decision-making skills, and to manage new life experiences. Parents need to try their best to support their children.
[4] Respect is a two-way street but it starts with you, which means that you should give your teens the respect that you would like to be given. Give them praise for their knowledge and abilities; pay attention to and listen to them. That means showing confidence in your teens, and being supportive. Parents should believe in your teens; set high standards for them, encourage them, expect them to achieve their goals, and provide consistent（一贯的；始终如一的）love and support —including practical help—so they can achieve the promise that lies within them.
[5] Teens are learning to take care of themselves as they prepare for adulthood. That’s what growing up is all about. Give them and appropriate（适当的） amount of freedom and independence. Encourage and promote responsibility and good decision—offering support and gentle help with difficult decisions. Let your teens know they will be given _________________ as they show increasingly responsible behavior.
【小题1】Who is this passage most probably written for? (no more than 5 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】What’s the common experience of the teenagers? (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
【小题3】Why should parents attempt to make rules for their children?
____________________________________________________________________________
【小题4】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words (no more than 5 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
【小题5】What are the fourth and fifth paragraphs mainly about? (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________________

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
A wise teacher once told me that every teenager needs to experience a not-so-fun first job from working at a grocery store to the fast food industry.
Now I still remember my first day at a fast food restaurant three years ago. I wanted to save up money and buy my own car, so I applied everywhere I could that summer. The restaurant called me right away and I thought to myself, this is going to be easy. Within four hours of my first shift (.轮班)， I had angry customers who complained how slow I was. I watched in fear as a kid spilled his milk everywhere, and I heard the words that no 16-year-old boy or anyone for that matter wants to hear: "Mike, there's a problem in the men's bathroom and you might want gloves for this one." I realized right away that working at the restaurant was not going to be a picnic. The manager expected a clean environment and, particularly, fast service with a friendly smile.
Over three years later I still work at that restaurant whenever I go home during vacations. I love my co-workers there and all the customers know who I am. Every morning the same senior citizens come in and get their morning coffees. They chat with us workers and joke around. Our smiles have just as much to do with them making us a part of their everyday lives as the coffee does.
From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion. I also learned staying positive no matter how rough things seem to get. I will forever carry the experience that I gained at the restaurant with me as I go forward in my life.
【小题1】Why did the author apply everywhere that summer? 
(No more than 12 words)     (2 marks)
【小题2】What did the manager particularly expect the workers to do?
(No more than 14 words)     (3 marks)
【小题3】Why does the author still work at the restaurant during vacations?
(No more than 13 words)      (2 marks)
【小题4】What did the author learn from his first job?
(No mom dm II words)            (3 marks)

阅读下面短文并回答问题
[1]Stamp collectors usually collect stamps only from certain countries or regions. The traditional method of stamp collecting is to organize stamp collection according to the issue dates.
[2]Of course, there are many ____________. You can collect stamps relating to a particular theme. For example, sport lovers may choose the Olympic theme. They try their best to find Olympic stamps issued by various parts of the world every four years. Some of them may want to concentrate on even more specific sport activities like ball games, gymnasium, swimming, etc.
[3]If you like astronomy, you may be keen on collecting stamps describing the stars, planets, spacecraft, spacemen, etc. once you have fixed the topic, you no longer need to bother about stamps other than the theme you selected. Then, you can put all your effort to collect the stamps around it.
[4]China issues zodiac animal stamps (十二生肖邮票) every year to celebrate the Lunar New Year. They are extremely popular and a lot of collectors wait patiently for 12 years to collect a full set of them. Hong Kong’s Lunar New Year special stamp series began in 2000 with the Year of Dragon and the twelfth and final set was issued in 2011, the Year of Rabbit. Recently some Western countries have issued zodiac animal stamps, which attract a lot of attention as well.
[5]You may choose any theme you like. However, you should bear in mind an essential point. The topic you choose should not be too narrow. Otherwise, it is very difficult to accumulate stamps around the topic. You will be depressed and even lose your interest in collecting stamps.
[6]Collecting stamps with themes is especially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range of choices for them. The main challenge is how you organize and expand your collection around your theme.
【小题1】What is the main idea of the passage? （no more than 5 words）
___________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】Fill in the blanks in Paragraph 2 with proper words． （no more than 5 words）
Of course, there are many ____________________________________________.
【小题3】What should you do if you want to collect a full set of zodiac animal stamps? （no more than 7 words）
_______________________________________________________________________________
【小题4】List the three general themes in collecting stamps mentioned in the passage． （3 words）
_______________________________________________________________________________
【小题5】What does the word "them" （Line2, Paragraph6） probably refer to? （1 word）
_______________________________________________________________________________

[1] Ashley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”
[2]So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called Goosehead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.
[3] After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The Goosehead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section called “All About Ashley,” where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen. “ I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I got very stressed. I mean, I was only sixteen — I didn’t even have a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, you’d be stressed, too！“
[4] In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, “Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And don’t listen when _______, because I heard ‘no’ a lot. Just keep going until you hear ‘yes’!”
【小题1】For what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead?(no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【小题2】What is the main idea of Paragraph 2？ （no more than 6 words）
_______________________________________________________________________________
【小题3】According to paragraph 3, what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down?(no more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【小题4】How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company?(no more than 5 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【小题5】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.
_______________________________________________________________________________

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中由两项为多余选项。
Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness?【小题1】The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
lMake a plan for achieving goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.
lSurround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively(消极地) when you are surrounded by people who think that way.【小题2】
lWhen something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks(挫折) to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the things back to their favor.
l【小题3】These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
l【小题4】Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously(下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.
lFinding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.
lKeeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. 【小题5】

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
“Happiness Advantage” Effect
In July 2010 Burt’s Bees, a personal-care products company, was going through enormous change as it began a global expansion into 19 new countries. In this kind of high-pressure situation, many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings or flood their in-boxes with urgent demands. In doing so, managers lift everyone’s anxiety level, which activates the part of the brain that processes threats and steals resources from the prefrontal cortex ( 大脑皮层), which is responsible for effective problem solving.
Burt’s Bees’s then-CEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach. Each day, he’d send out an e-mail praising a team member for work related to global marketing. He’d interrupt his own presentations to remind his managers to talk with their teams about the company’s values. He asked me to further a three-hour session with employees on happiness in the course of the expansion effort. As one member of the senior team told me a year later, Wolfgang’s emphasis on developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one.
That outcome shouldn’t surprise us. Research shows that when people work with a positive mind-set (思维模式), performance on nearly every level—productivity, creativity, involvement— improves. Yet happiness is perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance. For one, most people believe that success comes before happiness. “Once I get a promotion, I’ll be happy,” they think. Or, “Once I hit my sales target, I’ll feel great. ”But because success is a moving target—as soon as you hit your target, you raise it again—the happiness that results from success does not last long.
In fact, it works the other way around: People who have a positive mind-set perform better in the face of challenge. I call this the “ happiness advantage”—every business outcome shows improvement when the brain is positive. I’ve observed this effect in my role as a researcher and lecturer in 48 countries on the connection between employee happiness and success. And I’m not alone: In an analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers found strong evidence of cause-and-effect relationship between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes.
Another common misunderstanding is that our genetics, our environment, or a combination of the two determines how happy we are. To be sure, both factors have an impact. But one’s general sense of well-being is surprisingly unstable. The habits you form, the way you interact with colleagues, how you think about stress—all these can be managed to increase your happiness and your chances of success.