In the last 500 years, nothing about people----not their clothes, ideas, or languages- -----has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.

     The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine” of 1845~1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.

     There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.

     According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake” feeling that one-third of the world’s population now starts the day with.

1．According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?

     A．Food.               B．Clothing.           C．Ideology.           D．Language.

2．“Some” in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to ____.

     A．some cocoa trees                          B．some chocolate drinks

     C．some shops                              D．some South American Indians

3．Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine” because _______.

A．they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else

B．they were forced to leave their homeland and move to America

C．the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes

D．the potato harvest was bad

4．Which country is the largest coffee producer?

A．Brazil.                 B．Colombia.            C．Ethiopia.            D．Egypt.

5．Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage?

     A．One third of the world’s population drinks coffee.

     B．Coffee is native to Colombia.

     C．Coffee can keep one awake.

     D．Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.

One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw (取出 ) or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon---- it is already here.

While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to recorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel（职员）and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.

     Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities（功用）to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

1．According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to _____.

A．withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes

B．obtain more convenient services than other people do

C．enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper

D．cash money where he wishes to

2．From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that _______.

A．in the future all the Americans will use credit cards

B．credit cards are mainly used in the United States today

C．nowadays many Americans did not pay in cash

D．it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before

3．The phrase “ring up sales” (Lines 2-3, Para. 2) most probably means _______.

A．make an order of goods

B．record sales on a cash register

C．call the sales manager

D．keep track of the goods in stock

4．It can be inferred that _______.

A．computers will bring disaster

B．computer industry will not develop faster

C．computers will bring about more convenience to people’s life

D．computer can analyze marketing reports

5．What is this passage mainly about?

A．Approaches to the commercial use of computers.

B．Conveniences brought about by computers in business.

C．Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.

       D．Advantage of credit cards in business.

     The old fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This is, perhaps, a pity, because shopping today seems to lack that personal element which existed when the shopkeeper knew all his regular customers personally. He could, for instance, remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or what sort of washing powder Mrs. Jones preferred. Not only was the shop a center of buying and selling, but a social meeting place.

     A prosperous（繁荣的） general store might have employed four or five assistants, and so there were very few problems in management as far as the staff （全体职员） was concerned. But now that the supermarket has replaced the general store, the job of the manager has changed completely. The modern supermarket manager has to cope with a staff of as many as a hundred, apart from all the other everyday problems of running a large business.

     Every morning the manager must, like the commander of an army division, carry out an inspection of his store to make sure that everything is ready for the business of the day. He must see that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice and make decisions as problems arise; and he must know how to get his huge staff to work efficiently with their respective responsibilities. No matter what he has to do throughout the day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any emergency that may arise. They say in the trade that you are not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.

1．The main purpose of the passage is to show ______.

     A．how the supermarket has replaced the old general store

     B．how the old fashioned general store is fast disappearing

     C．how supermarket managers deal with problems every morning

     D．how the role of the shop manager has undergone an overall change

2．It is a pity that there are fewer old general stores now because _____.

     A．there is less trading business

     B．there used to be more social activities in the old days

     C．supermarket managers has more problems

     D．there is less personal contact between manager and customer

3．Who are Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Jones mentioned in the first paragraph?

     A．People representing any of the regular customers of the old general store.

     B．Shop assistants.

     C．Friends of the shop manager’s.

     D．Two regular customers of the store.

4．How has the job of the store manager changed?

     A．He doesn’t sell tea or washing powder any more.

     B．He has a much larger staff to take care of, to say nothing of all the other daily problems of running the store.

     C．He must try hard to remember the names of the regular customers.

     D．He has to give advice and make decisions when problems arise.

5．The author compared the supermarket manager to ______.

     A．a military leader                            B．a school inspector

     C．traffic supervisor             D．an orchestra conductor

Shopping in the Old Town of Edinburgh

Designs on Cashmere

Come and visit the cashmere specialists. See the usual and the unusual in cashmere. Shop in a friendly, relaxed atmosphere----- no pressure to buy. Custom-made sweater service available.

Mail order catalogue too.

28 High Street, Royal Mile, Edinburgh

Tel: 031 5566394

B

Royal Mile Pharmacy

Just up from John Knox’s house in the High Street is the Royal Mile Pharmacy.

We specialize in films; Toiletries; Medicine; Herbal Remedies; one Hour Film Processing

67 High Street, Edinburgh, EH1 1SR

Tel: 031 5561971

C

Rock Sensations

A rock shop of a different kind on the grassmarket. Rock Sensations specializes in rock’ roll memorabilia and novelties, recapturing the spirit of the 50s and 60s. The shop’s centerpiece is a fully operational antique Seeburg jukebox, stocked with old Beatles a Elvis 45s.

Open    Mon-Sat    9:30a.m --- 5:30 p.m.  Sun 11:00 a.m. ---- 4:30 p.m.

108 West Bow, Edinburgh

Tel: 031 2257710

D

The Castle Books

This family business established in 1980 has a large selection of Scottish art, children’s travel, natural history, and literature and on many other subjects besides. Rare and second-hand books bought and sold.

Member of P. B. F. A

Open  Mon-Sat    12:00 noon --- 5:00 p.m.

204 Canongate, the Royal Mile, Edinburgh

E

Scottish Countrywear

Scottish Countrywear ( just a stone’s throw from the Castle). Foe a superb range of top quality Scottish and Celtic design in Shetland, Lambs wool and Cashmere. Representing Belinda Robertson, Smith and Telford and Johnstons of Elgin. We also stock a huge range of outdoor wear.

514 Castlehill, Edinburgh

Tel: 031 2265323

F

Edinburgh Woolen Mill

Just below the famous Edinburgh Castle, the Edinburgh Woolen Mill offers traditional Scottish knitwear and garments of high quality direct from our own mills. Also a large selection of Scottish food, and gifts in a range of tartans.

Natural value guaranteed.

452-455 Kawnmarket, Edinburgh, EH1 2Nt

Tel: 031 2251525

请阅读有关John的亲人的信息，然后匹配人物和John要去购买给他或她的礼物的商店。

    John is returning to Australia from Scotland tomorrow and need to buy some gifts for members of his family. Here is the list of people he must get things for and the shops near his hotel in Edinburgh. Where should he go shopping for each person?

Julie ------ his niece loves hiking and camping.

Robert----- his brother is a musician in a rock band and is interested in the history of music.

Peter------ his father is a university lecturer in the Department of English Literature.

Mildred----- his mother collects woolen scarves from all over the world.

Mary----- his sister-in-law asked John to bring her back a bottle of perfume.

    人物                              商店

1．Julie                           A．Designs on Cashmere 

2．Robert                         B．Royal Mile Pharmacy

3．Peter                          C．Rock Sensations

4．Mildred                        D．The Castle Books

5．Mary                          E．Scottish Countrywear

                                   F．Edinburgh Woolen Mill

与外国人一块旅游，成为许多中学生暑假活动。假期今年你要去西藏旅游，想邀请一个在华外国朋友一同前往。根据以下内容写个英文帖子。准备在网上发布。

【写作内容】

1．说明同行的原因；

2．说明活动的安排要求。

3．提示：布达拉宫：Potala Palace

【写作要求】

1．短文必须包括以上全部内容，可以适当增加细节，使内容连贯。开头已给出。

2．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。

   I am a high school student, easy-going, respectful and trustworthy.________       _______

_______________________________________________________________________             ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________                          ________________________

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

    Twenty-five years ago, Chinese city streets were crowded with people on bicycles, and there were very few private cars. Until the late 1900s, China still had approximately 500 million cyclists, and the bicycle remained the primary and popular mode of transportation for many of the country’s people.

    Today, in cities like Beijing and Guangzhou, the bicycle is no longer viewed as a “transportation tool”. Each day, it is said, about 1,000 new cars take to the roads of Beijing. In 2000, there were five million cars on the roads and the number has been expected to keep growing by 10 to 20% or more annually over the next several year. In the meantime, more road buildings are pulled over and more air pollution comes along with the additional motor vehicles.

    In June 2006, the Chinese Construction Minister announced that all Chinese cities had to rebuild the bike lanes which had been removed over the last few years to make way for the cars. All civil servants were told that they must either cycle, or take public transport to get to work.

【写作内容】

①概括短文的内容要点，该部分的字数大约30词左右。

②就“私家车和公共交通工具，你喜欢哪个？”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包含以下的内容要点，该部分的字数大约120词左右：

▲你认为私家车和公共汽车各有什么好处；

▲以你去过的城市（或了解的情况）为例，你如何看待城市交通问题；

▲如果你有钱买车，你会如何选择？

【写作要求】

你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭材料中的句子。

Charley Oakley, ____ NBA All-star, hasn’t missed ____ game in the past three years.

A．the; a   B．an; a     C．a; the      D．an; the

— Beautiful dresses for beautiful ladies! Don’t you want _________, Madam?

— Please show me _________.

A．it; the other   B．one; the other   C．it; another D．one; another

You can see the stars on a clear night, but in the daytime they are________.

A．unavoidable   B．invisible        C． inaccessible    D．unavailable

------- How do you ________ we will go to Beijing for our holidays?

-------I think we’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable.

A．insist           B．want          C．suppose             D．suggest