Exchange a glance with someone, and then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gaze without being intimate, rude, or aggressive. If you are on an elevator, what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question, consider what you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quick glance to size them up（打量）and to assure them that you mean no threat. Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction, you need to send out a signal telling others you want to be left alone. So you cut off eye contacts what sociologist Erving Goffiman（1963）calls “a dimming of the lights”. You look down at the floor, at the indicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person extremely uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.

If you hold eye contacts for more than 3 seconds, what are you telling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation. For instance, a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner. They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time, and then drop their eyes down for 3 seconds, before letting their eyes meet again. But if one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare, he signals, “I know you”. “I am interested in you.” or “You look peculiar and I am curious about you.” This type of stare often produces hostile feelings.

1. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________.

     A. every glance has its significance (meaning or importance)

     B. staring at a person is an expression of interest

     C. a gaze longer than 3 seconds is unacceptable

     D. a glance carries more meaning than words

2. If you want to be left alone on an elevator the best thing to do is ________.

     A. to look into another passenger’s eyes     B. to avoid eye contacts with other passengers

     C. to signal you are not a threat to anyone      D. to keep a distance from other passengers

3. By “a dimming of the lights”, Erving Goffiman means ________.

     A. closing one’s eyes                                   B. turning off the lights

     C. stopping glancing at others                       D. reducing gaze-time to the minimum.

4. The passage mainly discusses ________.

     A. the limitations of eye contacts  

     B. the exchange of ideas through eye contacts

     C. proper behavior in situations

     D. the role of eye contacts in interpersonal communication

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous (巨大的) steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon (结肠). Difficult cultures are some prone to contract (易于染上) certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives (添加剂) , caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry (家禽) and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows. Sometimes similar drugs are administered to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.

1. How has science done disservice(损害) to mankind?

A. Because of science, disease caused by contaminated food has been virtually done away with.

B. It has caused a lack of information, concerning the value of food.

C. As a result of scientific intervention (干涉), some potentially harmful substances have been added to our food.

D. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.

2. What are nitrates used for?

   A. They preserve flavor in packaged food.   B. They preserve the color of meats.

   C. They are the objects of research.                 D. They cause the animals to become fatter.

3. The underlined word carcinogenic(Line 9) means most nearly the same as ________.

   A. trouble-making           B. money-making   C. color-retaining        D. cancer-causing

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

   A. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons.

B. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals.

C. Researchers have known about the potential hazards (危害) of food additives for over fifty years.

   D. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world.

阅读下面对话，掌握其大意，并根据所给首字母的提示，在标有题号的右边横线上写出一个英语单词的完整、正确的形式，使对话通顺。

Sophie: Have you ever watched the film. E.T. made by Steven Spielberg? It is one of the (1) b       money-making films in history. I think it's a great film.                               1.           

Alan: I don't think so. But the story is good in some ways. The (2)i    of     2.           

a friendly alien living in our world and (3) m        friends with a group of teenagers is OK.

                                                                                                                3.           

Sophie: The film is more than twenty years old now and people still love the (4) s       .

                                                                                                                4.           

Alan: I just think it is a good film but not a great one. I think that Steven Spielberg made the film because he wanted to make everyone (5) m____     to cry. I also think the film is too long.

                                                                                                                5.           

Sophie: It's only one hour and forty-five (6) m         long!                      6.           

Alan: I mean that it feels too long. I (7) a        it's extremely exciting at the beginning. But at the end...  7.           

Sophie: But can you remember the part (8) w                                         8.            

E.T. is dying and one of the children is so attached to E.T. that he becomes (9)s       ill too?

                                                                                                                9.           

Alan: Yes, I think I fell (10) a        at that point.                                     10.           

作为中学生，你肯定经历过多次考试，体验过成功，也遭遇过失败。请你根据下面的提示内容，简要概述中学生普遍存在的对考试失败的两种态度，并结合自身实际，说明你的观点。

注意：

1.  词数：100左右；

2.  可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

－Excuse me, but could you tell me the way to the Science Museum around here?

－Sorry. There isn’t _______ Science Museum nearby, I am afraid.

A．不填        B．a       C．the    D．one

________, and I’m sure you will make a big difference.

A．Trying      B．To try       C．Try   D．Tried

It was after she grew up and became a teacher herself ________ she realized it was so important to be kind and patient.

A．that   B．when C．since D．as

－Why didn’t you tell her about the appointment?

－She drove away _________ we could say a word.

A．before      B．until   C．when D．after

Look! Two ambulances are rushing to the building _______ top storey is on fire.

A．where       B．which       C．whose      D．what

The people of the city were still sleeping when the war __________, with an F-117 dropping the first bomb to its TV center.

A．broke out  B．took place C．came out  D．burst out