When it comes to your skin, there is an important fact that you must keep in mind: Your skin is the largest organ of your body．As an obvious result, skin health and maintenance（保养） is vital．Your skin does everything from protecting you from the elements to assisting you with breathing．Your skin keeps your body hydrated （含水的） and regulates your body's temperature．In the end, this really is only the beginning of all of the various vital functions that your skin provides to you．

Despite the extreme importance of a person's skin, the reality is that many people simply do not pay much attention to issues relating to the health of their skin．With that in mind, there are some prime tips and pointers that you must always keep in mind when it comes to the health and protection of your skin．

Protection against harmful rays from the sun is one of the most important steps that you need to take．With this in mind it is vitally important that you make certain you use solid protection when you go out into the sun．

Your diet also has a direct effect on the health of your skin．The most important aspect of your diet in relation to the health of your skin is to make certain that you eat a proper amount of food items that contain the proteins and nutrients necessary for your skin’s health．

Water is also important to the health of your skin．While you certainly have heard it before, it actually is true that you should drink at least eight 8-ounce glasses of fresh and pure water every day to keep healthy skin．

Finally, when it comes to the health of your skin today and into the future you should avoid smoking all together．In addition, you should drink alcohol only in moderation．Both smoking and too much alcohol consumption can negatively affect the health of your skin in significant ways．

1．The underlined word “elements” in the first paragraph probably refers to ______．

      A．bad weather                                        B．a favorable environment

      C．all the chemicals                                  D．the cells making up the skin

2．The writer lists some of the functions of skin in the beginning part to ______．

      A．make an analysis of the main topic of the passage

      B．draw readers’ attention to the main topic of the passage

      C．give a brief introduction to the main topic of the passage

      D．give the readers a summary of the main topic of the passage

3．Which of the following does not help maintain the health of skin?

       A．Drinking heavy alcohol．

      B．Taking proper diet in one’s life．

      C．Using solid protection when exposed to the sun．

      D．Drinking enough fresh and pure water every day．

4．Which of the following might be the most proper title of the above passage?

      A．An essential organ of our body．          B．Tips for soft and smooth skin．

       C．Habits and skin health．                       D．How to keep our skin healthy．

Japanese doctors have used thin sheets of tissue from people’s cheeks to repair damaged corneas （角膜）．A team from Osaka University transplanted thin layers of cheek cells onto the eyes of four patients with a rare and painful eye condition, reports BBC online．Patients whose vision had been cloudy could see well afterwards, and the “new corneas” remained clear more than a year after the operation．

Doctors can also take cells from a healthy eye and grow them in a dish to produce a new cornea, or they can transplant corneas from donors．But these techniques may not work when both eyes are too badly damaged by accident or disease．

The team hopes their work may help solve the problem and lead to other types of grow-your-own tissue transplants．The cornea is the clear layer of cells on the surface of the eye．It can be damaged by trauma （外伤） or by a range of diseases．

The team worked with four patients who had a painful condition that caused cloudy corneas and dry eyes．Often the eye can regenerate cornea cells but none of the four patients had this ability．The researchers took a 3 mm-wide square of tissue from inside the mouth （cheeks） and grew it into a thin layer in the lab．They used a special low-temperature technique to separate a very thin sheet off each batch （组）．They then laid that onto the patient’s eye．The cell layers stuck onto the eye and developed into tissue that looked and acted like a healthy cornea．

However, long-term follow-up and experience with a large series of patients are needed to assess the benefits and risks of this method．“Yet, it does offer the potential of treating severe eye diseases that are resistant to standard approaches,” said the head of the research, Kohji Nishida．

1．Now doctors can repair the damaged corneas with the following methods EXCEPT ______．

       A．using mouth tissue

       B．taking cells from a healthy eye and growing them in a dish

       C．transplanting corneas from another person

       D．using finger tissue

2．If both eyes are too badly damaged, we can treat them ______．

       A．only by using mouth tissue

       B．by taking cells from a healthy eye and growing them in a dish

       C．by transplanting healthy corneas from donors

       D．by none of the mentioned methods

3．We can infer from the passage that ______．

       A．the new technique can be widely used in the operations

       B．the new technique needs to be further tested

       C．the new technique has more benefits than risks

       D．any new technique has risks

4．Which of the following is the best title?

       A．A New Invention on Eye Protection．

       B．A New Technique about Eyes．

       C．Mouth Tissue Can Restore Your Vision．

       D．Transplanting Can Restore Your Vision．

A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general classes．Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and wars．But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also activities of our ancestors–or of people very different from our own–can be provided by art．In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place．And study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than what can be found in most history books．

In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented: that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed．Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions．The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly political artist．In his well-known painting The Truth of May, 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people．Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso’s Guernica to express the horror of war．Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clements Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros–as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martinez–depicted these Mexican artists’ deep anger and sadness about social problems．

In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs．For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only types of art that existed．Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible．Although most people could not read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on the church walls．By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was （and still is） its absence of human and animal images．This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are unholy．

1．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

       A．The way art expresses is the same all over the world．

       B．Art history supplies us with knowledge about everyday activities of people in the past．

       C．Most typical history courses don’t cover people’s spirits．

       D．Art is subjective in that it will find a ready echo in our hearts．

2．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

       A．Unlike Francisco Goya, Pablo Picasso and several Mexican artists expressed their political opinions in their paintings．

       B．History books often show the editors’ political view．

       C．Religious art remained in Europe for centuries the only type of art because most people regarded the Bible as the Holy Book．

       D．Picasso was something of a political artist．

3．The passage is mainly discussing ______．

       A．the difference between general history and art history

       B．the making of art history

       C．what we can learn from art history

       D．the influence of artists on art history

4．It may be concluded from this passage that ______．

       A．Islamic artists have had to create architectural decoration with pictures of flowers or geometric （几何的） forms

       B．history teachers are more objective than artists

       C．it is more difficult to study art history than general history

       D．people and stories from the Bible were painted on churches and other buildings in order to popularize the Bible．

以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：

    此行多一词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉, 在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

    此行缺一词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

    此行错一词：在错词的下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：请在答题卡上作答。

Late in April, a photo show was held in our school．

It lasted a week and was great success! All the photos were taken   1．________

by the students themselves．They were most color photos, but             2．________

some were black-and-white ones, presented our school life, the beauty   3．________

of nature, festival activities and so on．All the work of art were             4．_______

at show in the reading-room on the second floor．Every day a large       5．________

number of students went to enjoy them, but they were surprised to        6．________

find the photos were such wonderful that some teachers also were         7．________

present．Those whose photos were chosen the best are given different  8．________

prizes．In the short, this photo show really made our life more colorful．9．________

We hope we will have much more activities like this in our school．     10．_______

假设你的英文名为Jack，是英国诺丁汉大学（Nottingham University）的中国留学生。你负责为在该校就读的32名中国学生筹划圣诞节期间的苏格兰之行，为期7天，请你给诺丁汉的STA（Students’ Travel Agency）经理Phil发一封电子邮件，联系有关事宜。要点如下:

       （1）希望能够派车接送;

       （2）需要一名说标准英语，并非常熟悉苏格兰的导游；

       （3）请求告知旅行日程、住宿……等情况；

       （4）你的联系方式：电子邮箱地址：Jackwang@yahoo．com．cn或电话号码：07747745007。

注意：

       （1）词数：100词左右；开头和结尾已为你写出，不计入总词数；

       （2）参考词汇：旅馆住宿accommodation；旅行日程安排itinerary；

       长途客车coach

Dear Phil,

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

       Looking forward to your early reply．

                                                          Yours ever,

                                              Jack

--- I’m afraid I’ll be too busy to go with you．

--- Well, I’ll keep a seat for you in case you _____ changes your mind．

A．can           B．will              C．should              D．may

Bad programmes on TV may have bad _____ on children．

A．affect　　　       B．effect                         C．power　　             D．control

She _____ a new idea for increasing sales．

A．caught up with     B．came up with       C．kept up with         D．went up with

--- How did you find your visit to the museum?

--- I thoroughly enjoyed it．It was _____ than I expected．

A．some more interesting                             B．a lot interesting

C．far more interesting                                 D．even much interesting

More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great _____ of goods．

A．variety                   B．mixture                 C．extension                      D．combination