除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。

_______ clothing _______ the burned area unless it _______ _______ _______ the burn..

迅速采取急救措施将会挽救一个人的生命。

________  _______  _______ quickly will save one’s life.

1.       You have three layers of skin to _______ you _______diseases, poison and the sun’s harmful rays.

2.       He ________ his hat and bowed (鞠躬) to us.

3.       If your skin_________ , it will be very serious.

4.       The skin can ________ your body ________ losing water.

5.       I prefer to _________ my shirts while they are still damp.

6.       The cut soon _________ over, but it left a scar.

7.       She _________ to death on a fish bone.

8.       I __________ their success.

9.       He was _________ an experiment when I rang him.

10.   The town _________ a library.

    The “Bystander Apathy Effect” was first studied by researchers in New York after neighbours ignored―and in some cases turned up the volume on their TVs―the cries of a woman as she was murdered(over a half-hour period). With regard to helping those in difficulty generally, they found that:

(1) women are helped more than men;

(2) men help more than women;

(3) attractive women are helped more than unattractive women.

    Other factors relate to the number of people in the area, whether the person is thought to be in trouble through their own fault, and whether a person sees himself as being able to help.

    According to Adrian Furnham, Professor 0f University College, London, there are three reasons why we tend to stand by doing nothing:

(1) “Shifting of responsibility”一the more people there are, the less likely help is to be given. Each person excuses himself by thinking someone else will help, so that the more “other people’ there are, the greater the total shifting of responsibility.

(2) “'Fear of making a mistake'’一situations are often not clear. People think that those involved in an accident may know each other or it may be a joke, so a fear of embarrassment makes them keep themselves to themselves.

(3) “Fear of the consequences if attention is turned on you, and the person is violent.”

    Laurie Taylor, Professor of Sociology at London University, says: “In the experiments I’ve seen on intervention(介入), much depends on the neighborhood or setting. There is a silence on public transport which is hard to break. We are embarrassed to draw attention to something that is happening, while in a football match, people get involved, and a fight would easily follow. ”

    Psychotherapist Alan Dupuy identifies the importance of the individual: “The British as a whole have some difficulty intervening, but there are exceptional individuals in every group who are prepared to intervene, regardless of their own safety: These would be people with a strong moral code or religious ideals.”

48. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Pretty women are more likely to be helped.   

B. People on a bus are more likely to stop a crime.

C. Religious people are more likely to look on.

D. Criminals are more likely to harml women.

49. Which phenomenon call be described as the “Bystander Apathy Effect”?

A. When one is in trouble, people think it’s his own fault.

B. In a football match, people get involved in a fight.

C. Seeing a murder, people feel sorry that it should have happened.

D. On hearing a cry for help, people keep themselves to themselves.

50. The author wrote this article ______.

A. to explain why bystanders behave as they do          

B. to urge people to stand out when in need

C. to criticize the selfishness of bystanders                 

D. to analyze the weakness of human nature

    Nervous suspects(嫌疑犯) locked up in Britain's newest police station may feel relieved by a pleasant yellow Colour on the door. If they are close to confessing a crime, the blue on the wall might tip the balance.

    Gwent Police have abandoned colours such as greys and browns of the 20th-century police cell(牢房) and have used colour psychology to decorate them.

    Ystrad Mynach station, which recently opened at a cost of￡5 million, has four cells with glass doors for prisoners who suffer from claustrophobia(幽闭恐怖症). Designers have painted the frames yellow, which researchers say is a calming colour. Other cells contain a royal blue line because psychologists believe that the colour is likely to encourage truthfulness.

    The station has 31 cells, including 12 with a “live scan” system for drunken or disturbed prisoners, which detects the rise and fall of their chest. An alarm alerts officers if a prisoner's breathing stops and carries on ringing until the door is opened.

    Designers and psychologists have worked for years on colour. Blue is said to suggest trust, efficiency, duty, logic, coolness, thinking and calm. It also suggests coldness and unfriendliness. It is thought that strong blues will stimulate clear thought and lighter, soft colours will calm the mind and aid concentration.

    Yellow is linked with confidence, self-respect and friendliness. Get the colour wrong and it could cause fear, depression and anxiety, but the right yellow can lift spirits and self-respect.

    Ingrid Collins, a psychologist who specializes in the effects of colour, said that colour was an “energy force”. She said: “Blue does enhance communication but I am not sure it would enhance truthful communication.”

    Yellow, she said, affected the mind. Red, on the other hand, should never be considered because it could increase aggression. Mrs Collins praised the designers for using colours in the cells. Gwent is not the first British force to experiment with colour to calm down or persuade prisoners to co-operate. In the 1990s Strathclyde Police used pink in cells based on research carried out by the US Navy.   

45. The expression “tip the balance” in paragraph 1 probably indicates that the blue might ____.

A. let suspects keep their balance                

B. help suspects to confess their crimes

C. make suspects cold and unfriendly in law court             

D. enable suspects to change their attitudes to colours

46. Which of the following colours should NOT be used in cells according to me passage?

A. Pink.              B. Yellow                 C. Blue.     D. Red.

47. The passage is mainly concerned with ______

A. the relationship between colours and psychology    

B. a comparison of different functions of colours

C. the use of colours in cells to affect criminals’ psychology

D. scientific ways to help criminals reform themselves in prison

     Cara Lang is 13. She lives in Boston, Massachusetts, in me U. S. Last Thursday, she didn't go to school. She went to work with her father instead. Every year, on the fourth Thursday in April, millions of young girls go work. This is Take Our Daughters to Work Day. The girls are between me ages of 9 and 15. They spend the day at work with an adult, usually a mother, father, aunt, or uncle. They go to offices, police stations, laboratories, and other places where their parents or other family members work. Next year, the day will include sons, too.

    The Ms. Foundation, an organization for women, started the program about ten years ago. In the U.S., many women work outside the home. The Ms. Foundation wanted girls to find out about many different kinds of jobs. Then, when the girls grow up, they can choose a job they like.

    Cara's father is a film director. Cara says, “It was very exciting for me to go to the studio with my dad. I saw a lot of people doing different jobs.” Many businesses have special activities for girls on this day. Last year, Cara went to work with her aunt at the University of Massachusetts. In the engineering department, the girls learned to build a bridge with toothpicks and Candy. In the chemistry department, they learned to use scales. They learned about many other kinds of jobs, too.

    Right now, Cara does not know what job she will have when she grows up. But because of Take Our Daughters to Work Day, she knows she h2Ls many choices.

41. What is Cara's father?

A. An engineer.      B. An official.       C. A moviemaker.     D. A professor.

42. According to the passage, Take our Daughters to work Day is ______.

A. on every Thursday in April                           B. a holiday for girls of all ages

C. a day for girls to know about jobs                 D. a day for girls to get a job easily

43. On this special day, Cara has done all the following EXCEPT that ____.

A. she learned to use scales                                

B. she worked as an actress

C. she went to work with her aunt               

D. she used toothpicks and Candy to build a bridge

44. What is probably the best title for the passage?

A. Cara Lang, a Fortunate Girl               B. Take Our Daughters to Work Day

C. Children's Day and Work Day           D. Ms. Foundation, an Organization for Women

     Several years ago, well-known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly tired. It was difficult for him to even __31__ around. His doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease. He was told he had only a 1 in 500 chance of survival.

    __32__ the diagnosis(诊断), Cousins was determined to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative __33__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __34__ of positive attitudes and emotions. He thought, “Is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the __35__ to 1ive have positive treatment value?”

    He decided to concentrate on positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that would __36__ positive emotions. “Laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. He __37__ time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out __38_ emotions. Within eight days of starting his ‘‘laugh therapy” program his pain began to __39__ and he was able to sleep more easily. He was able to return to work in a few months’ time and __40__ reached complete recovery after a few years.

Last week, I bought an alarm system(报警系统) for about $ 450. It consisted of a control unit with three other small units. I put the control unit in the sitting room and fastened the other units by the front door, back door and living-room windows. The instructions told us to choose three numbers, so we chose 491, the last three numbers of our telephone number.

Now I must explain how the alarm works:

1. There is a power siren(警报器) in the control unit. It makes a very loud noise.

2. Each of the small units sends out beams(光束) or rays in different directions. If anything moves, it breaks a beam. This sends a signal to the control unit. The siren makes a noise that you can hear 50 meters away.

3. When we go to bed, I press the three buttons numbered 4, 9 and 1. Then we have 30 seconds to get out of the room before the alarm starts to work.

That might I slept soundly because I was sure that no burglar(夜贼) could get into our house. However, at about 2:10a.m., I woke up and heard the siren(警报).

“There must be a burglar in the house,” Mary said. “What shall we do?”

“I’ll go and see who’s there,” I said. “Stay here. Don’t make a noise.”

I went downstairs quietly. When I reached the living room, I switched on my torch and looked round the room. Then I turned the light on. I switched the siren off and searched the rooms downstairs. There was nothing wrong except that the back door was unlocked. I locked it, re-set the alarm and went back to bed.

About an hour later, the alarm started again. I jumped out of bed, fell over a chair in the dark and bumped into the bedroom door. Mary woke up and started hitting me with a torch. “Hey! Wait a minute!” I whispered. “It’s only me. I’ m going downstairs to see what’s wrong.”

I went down into the living room and listened for a moment. The only sound I could hear was the siren. I turned on the light and then switched the siren off. As I did so, I glanced across at the curtains in front of the windows. I saw a house lizard (蜥蜴) disappear behind the curtains.

“Oh!” I said to myself. “That’s our burglar.”

When the lizard moved, it started the siren. I guessed that the alarm had been made in Europe, where there are no house lizards.

Well, I won’t finish this story but if you want an alarm system free of charge, let me know. I’ll send you ours. We bought a dog this morning. It knows the difference between a lizard and a burglar.

39. The writer bought an alarm system to         .

 A．make sure that he got up early every day

 B．warn him when there were lizards in his house

 C．frighten burglars and tell him that somebody had got into the house

 D．make Mary feel safe to live in the large room

40. The purpose of the three units was to           .

 A．send a message to the control unit and start the siren

 B．sound their own sirens when the control unit told them to

 C．check that the control unit worked properly all the time

 D．give them enough light

41. If the writer set the alarm and remained in the room for more than half a minute,          .

 A．nothing would happen B．the control unit would not work

 C．the siren would make a noise D．the dog would bark

42. The purpose of the writer in writing the passage is to            .

 A．tell us that the alarm system doesn’t work

 B．tell us an interesting experience

 C．show us how the alarm system works

 D．make it clear that he wants to give away his alarm system

 As the world watched the twin towers of the World Trade Center come under attack, a common phrase was repeated:” It looks like a movie.”

 But this time there was no superman to save the people or the famous building. The attack destroyed one of the world’s highest skyscrapers and left 5,000 people dead or missing.

 Movie fans have become used to such events after years of Hollywood films showing disasters, terrorism(恐怖主义) and danger, The Empire State Building, the White House, New York City and even the American president himself have all been threatened by terrorist attacks in these exciting films.

     The film“True Lies”, released(发行) in 1994 is considered to be a good example of this kind of movie. The special effects, including explosions and missiles, make the action look like a real thing.

 “Independence Day”in 1996 took this type of movie one step further by blowing up the White House. This science fiction movie is about a war between human beings and aliens(外来人) from another planet. In the movie, the World Trade Center towers are destroyed.

 Violence has become a major part of Hollywood movies. And this is what people enjoy. Soon after the attacks, many famous film companies stopped the planned releases of some of their new movies, especially if their films showed terrorist attacks or plane crashes. “Swordfish” was top of the American box office in June, 2001. But the movie’s story was frighteningly similar to the Sept.11 disaster. The film would have been stopped in American and British cinemas after the attack.

 But it’s unlikely that Hollywood will stay quiet for long. It is already waiting for the feeling in America to calm down.

36. What is the main subject of the newspaper article?

 A．The relationship between the Sept.11 attack and Hollywood films.

 B．The effect of the Sept.11 attack on Hollywood films

 C．The response Hollywood made to the Sept.11 attack.

 D．The result of Hollywood films showing violence and disasters.

37. Which of the following is true?

 A．Hollywood made a lot of money out of the film“Swordfish”in June.

 B．Hollywood stopped making films showing terrorism and disasters after the Sept.11 attack.

 C．“Swordfish”was not allowed to be shown after the Sept.11 attack.

 D．The World Trade Center was destroyed because no superman came to save it.

38. From this article we know that       .

 A．Hollywood is a filmmaking center making films of violence and disasters

 B．too many Hollywood films showing terrorism and disasters resulted in the Sept.11 attack

 C．people who were used to the Hollywood films were not shocked at the Sept.11 attack.