The first English dictionary was published in 1604. The dictionary was actually nothing more than a list of about 3, 000 difficult words, each followed by a one-word definition.

The author, Robert Cawdrey, made no attempt to include everyday words in his dictionary. No one, he reasoned, would ever have to look up a word in a dictionary if he already knew the meaning of the word. During the 1600’s more dictionaries were published. Each followed Cawdrey’s lead and presented a few thousand hard words. Around 1700 one dictionary maker, John Kersey, did define easy words as well as hard words. But until the 1750’s all the dictionaries were rather crude and not very valuable.

A man named Dr Samuel Johnson changed all this. In 1755 Dr Johnson produced the first modern dictionary. He included in his dictionary all important words, both easy and hard, and he gave good meanings. He also gave good sentences to show how each word was actually used in speech and in writing. By the end of the 1700’s most dictionary makers had followed Johnson’s example. Dictionaries were getting better and better.

The 1800’s saw the greatest improvement in the quality of dictionaries. In England scholars planned and prepared the Oxford English Dictionary, a twenty-volume (卷;册;部) work. One of the most interesting features of the Oxford Dictionary is its word histories. It traces (追溯;探索) the history of each word from its earliest recorded use up to the time of the printing of the dictionary.

 

76.The first English dictionary _________.

A. defined easy words as well as hard ones

B. was just a list of difficult words with one-word definitions

C. included a number of everyday words

D. was considered to be a very valuable one

77.According to the passage, before 1755 all English dictionaries _________.

A. were of no value

B. only defined hard words

C. defined both easy words as well as hard words

D. were far from being perfect

78.Which of the following statements is not true about Dr Johnson’s dictionary?

A. It was not very valuable.

B. It was the first modern English dictionary.

C. It included easy words as well as hard ones.

D. It gave sentences to show the usage of words.

79.The most interesting feature of the Oxford Dictionary was that _________.

A. it had a complete list of difficult words
B. it gave sentences showing how each word was actually used

C. it was a 20-volume work

D. it showed the history of each word

80.This passage is mainly about _________.

A. the difference of English dictionaries              B. the origin of English dictionaries

C. the development of English dictionaries           D. the features of English dictionaries

In today’s society, a college degree tells little about what you know in comparison to what it tells about what you can learn. For example, the IT world is constantly changing. Anything you learn today will probably be useless in a few short years. The point is to learn to learn.

Blogging(写博客)works exactly the same way. And I believe this to be true regardless of your end goal. If you’re trying to make money, this is very clear. There’s always more money to be made. If you’re teaching on a subject, you are constantly looking for new information to share. Even if you’re just sharing your words with others for pleasure, you’re continuously improving your writing and storytelling so people don’t get bored of you.

This is one of the reasons that bloggers burn out. They forget this. They think they have an unlimited amount of content just waiting to burst from their brain. They get comfortable. Then they start to run out of juice. Sure, at times it seems that some bloggers just have it. They are experts in their fields and will simply feed us with invaluable content forever. But this is not true. Pay attention. Even famous bloggers would run out of content eventually without constant learning.

The point is easy to see. Don’t think you’ve succeeded. There is no summit. What happens when someone thinks they’ve hit the summit? They quickly begin falling down the other side. Always be learning from your experiences. See what posts work for your readers. Which get the best response? Which are completely ignored? Which bring in the most Google traffic, or get the most Absence clicks? Don’t settle or your blog will close for ever eventually.

 

72.Judging from the article, if you have got a college degree, say, in engineering, it means _______.

       A. you’re good at engineering                            B. you’ve finished learning engineering

       C. you’ve chosen to learn engineering                 D. you can find work relating to engineering      

73.The writer thinks Blogging works in a way that it requires the writers to _______.

       A. be constant learners                                      B. have academic degrees

       C. keep on writing                                            D. know everything before starting

74.The writer uses the word “it” in the underlined sentence “Sure, at times … have it” to refer to _______.

       A. the failure in keeping on writing                     B. the knowledge needed for blogging forever

       C. the ability of constant learning                       D. the comfort enjoyed from blogging

75.The questions in the last paragraph are asked to advise bloggers on how to _______.

       A. learn from their experiences                          B. learn from others

C. update their knowledge                                 D. reach blogging summit

I can never forget her ― the little girl with a   41   so strong and powerful. We could hear her halfway down the block. She was a(n)   42   peasant who asked for money and   43   gave the only thing she had ― her voice. I paused outside a small shop and listened. She brought to my mind the   44   of Little Orphan Annie. I could not understand the words she   45  , but her voice begged for   46  . It stood out from the noises of Arbat Street, pure and impressive, like the chime of a bell. She   47   from under an old-style lamp post (柱子,杆) in the shadow of a building, her arms extended and   48   thrown back. She was small and of ordinary looks. Her brown   49    escaped the bun (发髻) it had been pulled into, and she occasionally removed it from her   50  . Her clothing I can’t recall. Her voice, on the other hand, is always   51   on my memory.

I asked one of the translators about the girl. Elaina told me that she and hundreds of others like her throughout the   52   Soviet Union add to their families’ income by working on the streets. The children are unable to   53   school, and their parents work fulltime. These children know that the result of an unsuccessful day is no   54   for the table. Similar situations   55   during the Depression (萧条) in the United States, but those American children were faceless shoeshine boys of the twenties. This girl was real to me.

When we   56   past her I gave her money. It was not out of pity   57   rather admiration. Her smile of   58   did not interrupt her singing. The girl watched us as we walked down the street. I knew this because when I looked back she smiled again. We   59   that smile, and I knew I could never forget her courage and inner   60  .

 

41.A. will

B.force

C. voice

D. determination

42.A. American

B. Chinese

C. Japanese

D. Russian

43.A. in return

B. in turn

C. in need

D. in silence

44.A. voice

B. image

C. story

D. looks

45.A. said

B. murmured

C. used

D. sang

46.A. attention

B. love

C. food

D. mercy

47.A. laughed

B. cried

C.jumped

D. sang

48.A. hands

B. feet

C. head

D. face

49.A. glasses

B. hair

C. eyes

D. watch

50.A. face

B. leg

C. body

D. finger

51.A. made

B. impressed

C. sent

D. put

52.A. latter

B. rich

C. former

D. great

53.A. attend

B. finish

C. leave

D. enjoy

54.A. milk

B. vegetables

C. meat

D. food

55.A. broke

B. remained

C. occurred

D. went

56.A. walked

B. swam

C. flied 

D. removed

57.A. and

B. while

C. but   

D. or

58.A. anger

B. pity

C. bitterness 

D. thanks

59.A. stopped

B. shared

C. won   

D. exchanged

60.A. power

B. strength

C. weakness

D. intelligence

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