I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one difference and one practice that have greatly helped my writing processes. The difference is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to use both of the creative mind and the critical mind to reach a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.

Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possible the single greatest trouble with writing that most of us meet. If you are listening to a 5th grade English teacher correcting your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you catch the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking as it is.

The practice that can help you overcome your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the goal is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The aim is to get t5he words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.

Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadlines draws near.

Instead of staring at a blank start and filling it with words no matter how bad they could be, stop halfway through your available time and rework your raw writing into something closer to the finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.

 

57. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” in the writing process, he means __________.

A. no one can be both creative and critical

B. they can’t be regarded as equally important

C. they are in constant conflict with each other

D. one cannot use them at the same time

58. What usually prevents people from writing on is ________.

A. putting their ideas in raw form

B. attempting to edit as they’re writing

C. ignoring grammatical problems

D. trying to capture their fleeting thoughts

59. What is the chief purpose of the first stage of writing?

A. To organize one’s thoughts logically.

B. To choose an appropriate topic.

C. To get one’s ideas down quickly.

D. To collect many more raw materials.

60. In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?

A. It refines his writing into a better shape.

B. It helps him to come up with new ideas.

C. It saves the writing time available to him.

D. It allows him to sit on the side and observe.

A2 and AS Level Revision at Easter 2009

Course Dates

Courses run from Monday to Friday each week.

◆       One Week Courses

Monday 6 April―Friday 10 April

Monday 13 April― Friday 17 April

◆       Two Week Courses

Monday 6 April―Friday 17 April

Students may arrive a day earlier (Sunday) and/or depart a day later (Saturday) at extra cost.

Number of Students per Class

The average number of students is usually between 1 and 4 per class. As the numbers increase in a class, the number of “contact hours” is suitably increased to allow extra time. Many students will find themselves in privately tutored(指导) classes giving them ultimate flexibility(灵活性) and attention of the Revision Tutor.

Fees

One Week Boarding Fees: 1,495 GB Sterling (5 days/4 nights)

Two Week Boarding Fees: 2,895 GB Sterling (12 days/11 nights)

One Week Day Fees: 1,095 GB Sterling (5 days)

Two Week Day Fees: 2,165 GB Sterling (10 days)

Optional Extra Elements

Extra Night’s Accommodation(住宿): 70 GB Sterling (including meals)

Additional Private Tutoring: 60 GB Sterling per hour

How to Apply

We provide you the majority of A2 and AS subjects. Before you apply, please contact us to tell us which subject areas you would like to cover. We will then be able to check whether a space is available. Once a space has been confirmed as available, you will need to apply online or via the PDF, and also compete the Additional Information PDF. After you apply, we will require you to fill in a detailed form explaining your requirements. If you have any question, don’t hesitate to ask us.

49. Before you apply for the course, you must _______.

A. explain your requirements in a form in detail

B. make sure that they have the area you want

C. go to the school to get the application form

D. complete the Additional Information PDF

50. If you arrive on Sunday and leave on Friday for a two-week course, you will have to pay ____.

A. 2,235 GB Sterling                   B. 2,895 GB Sterling

C. 2,965 GB Sterling                    D. 2,165 GB Sterling

51. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. If you need the tutor’s extra help, you need to pay more money to them

B. If you apply for the 2-week courses, you will have classes on the weekend in between

C. Tutoring hours are fixed no matter how many students there are in a class.

D. You can take the course on weekdays all the year around in 2009.

52. This passage most probably is a (an) _______.

A. arrangement for the Easter 2009       B. timetable for a new school

C. advertisement for vacation courses     D. instruction on how to apply

Friendship can deeply affect the physical and mental health of both men and women. Studies show that people who have no friends or who are lonely, are more likely to die earlier, get sick more often and suffer greater physical wear and tear(折磨) than those who have a support system of friends.

Sometimes, family members may be more likely to give you advice or tell you what you don’t want to hear. It may not be as good as a friend who will listen to you and guide you, but support your decisions anyway. The most important elements about friendship are those who suffer support and do not judge your decisions based on society.

One reason for the link between social support and good health practice seems to be that people who feel cared for by others are less stress-out and are protected against the symptoms(症状) of depression and loneliness.

Generally, women benefit most because of how they deal with stress. Women are more social in how they deal with stress than men, while men are more likely to have a “fight or flight” reaction.

Women also tend to have larger, denser social network, in which more people know each other and help each other, while men typically have smaller groups of friends and will rely on their wives or other important people for more support. While all these affect people psychologically(心理上), friendship brings comfort that reduces the ill effects of stress, and the sex difference also contributes to the difference in the length of one’s life time.

 

45. In the author’s opinion, a real friend should _________.

A. tell you what to do even if you refuse to hear it.

B. try to persuade you to change your mind quickly.

C. judge your decision according to his/her experience.

D. give you advice but respect your own decision.

46. Women benefit more from friendship than men because _________.

A. women are always cared for by more people than men.

B. women are usually less stress-out when staying with others.

C. women are more likely to solve problems with friends’ help

D. women can always keep more long-life friendship than men

47. According to the passage we can infer that _______.

A. it’s good for women to tell men what they should do or not

B. friends are always more important than family members

C. men don’t want to share their problems with many people

D. the trend that women can live longer makes them more relaxed

48. This passage mainly talks about _________.

A. why people should develop friendship

B. when friendship affects people’s health

C. people’s different attitudes towards friendship

D. the friendship which can make people live longer

How would you describe Quincy Jones? Is he an instrumentalist, a composer, an arranger, or a producer? None of these labels can sum up this remarkable man. He has been known for years to people who follow popular music. But his part in the We Are the World VCD and the Hands Across

America project made him a national figure.

In addition to these successful efforts, Jones has written the music for many cartoon movies, including The Color Purple, which won 11 Oscar nominations(提名). He also wrote the music for

Alex Haley’s Roots, a greatly successful television mini―series. These achievements show his many-sided genius.

Quincy Jones was born on March 14, 1973, in Chicago’s South Side. Ten years later, his family moved to the Seattle area. It was there that he met Ray Charles, who was three years older than

Jones and who in time would be a world-famous singer. The young musicians performed at small clubs and weddings. Through Charles’s influence, Jones began composing.

When Jones was only 15, his musical talent impressed Lionel Hampton, who invited him to join the Hampton band. Jones was ready to quit school to join, but Hampton’s wife, Gladys, stated her disagreement. Believing that he needed an education, she removed him from the band’s bas. “Get that child out of here,” she yelled, “Let him finish school.”

These experiences made Quincy Jones more determined than ever to success. He finished high school, attended the Berklee College of Music in Boston on a scholarship, and finally did Lionel Hampton’s band. Soon, however, he struck off on his own. The future beckoned(召唤) brightly.

 

41. Which of the following can best express the main idea of the passage?

A. Ray Charles, Lionel Hampton and Quincy Jones became very close friends.

B. Lionel Hampton played an important rule in the success of Quincy Jones.

C. A college education is very important and necessary in modern music.

D. Quincy Jones had a very lucky, fruitful and successful musical career.

42. Which of the following made Quincy Jones become famous all over the country?

A. His role in the We Are the World VCD and the Hands Across America program.

B. His music for the cartoon film The Color Purple which won 11 Oscar nominations.

C. His meeting with Ray Charles and their performances at small clubs and weddings.

D. His education in the Berklee College of Music in Boston, which is world-class.

43. Whose opinion played an important role in Jones’s school education and college education?

A. Alex Haley’s                 B. Lionel Hampton’s

C. Ray Charles’s               D. Hampton’s wife’s

44. Insisting that Quincy Jones get off the bus, Gladys Hampton was actually very _____.

A. professional         B. cruel         C. kind          D. selfish

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