Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s example.

At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his motional state. Then he writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.

The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping  track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to the doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.

Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.

Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She is also a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.

53．Which of the following is the character of the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital?

   A．The doctor gets more active professional support from the primary nurse.

   B．Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night

   C．The primary nurse writes care plan for every patient

   D．The primary nurse keeps records of the patient’s health conditions every day.  

54．A primary nurse can propose a different approach of treatment when _______.

   A．the present one is refused by the patient

   B．the patient complains about the service of the hospital

   C．the patient is found unwilling to cooperate

   D．the present one proves to be ineffective

55．It can be inferred from the passage that _________.

   A．nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient

   B．in most hospitals patient care should be improved

   C．nurses at Beth Israel Hospital seem to work longer hours

   D．in most hospitals nurses get low salaries

56．The author’s attitude towards the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital is ____.

   A．negative      B．critical        C．positive      D．subjective

Some unfortunate people are rather attractive to mosquitoes, while the smell of some lucky people drives the blood-suckers away. Now the smelly chemicals from the sweat of these lucky people have been identified by researchers, who are testing its effectiveness as a natural mosquito repellent (驱蚊剂).

Everybody produces a mixture of chemicals with smells in their sweat, some of which attract biting insects. But people who do not get bitten also produce smelly chemicals that appear to mask the smells of the attractive chemicals.

This masking is very effective in avoiding a mosquito’s bite, explains James Logan, a scientist who carried out the research with his colleagues.

These helpful chemicals probably occur naturally in everybody’s sweat but some people have a much higher ratio (比例) than others.

“It’s very exciting,” Logan says, “because these are totally natural chemicals with an effectiveness that compares favorably to other chemicals such as DEET, which is the best repellent available but has unwanted side effects.”

A key chemical identified by Logan as a repellent is also “a natural food additive which has been proven safe”. He says, “And because it can be made by plants, it may one day be possible to mass-produce it cheaply.”

The repellent is currently being tested by 16 volunteers in Africa. Meanwhile, the researchers are testing the repellent against other biting insects.

49．Which can be concluded from this passage?

     A．Mosquitoes like to suck attractive people.

     B．Only some people produce a smelly substance in their sweat

     C．The cost of plant-related products can be low.

     D．Some chemicals contained in people’s sweat can be eaten as food.

50．What is the main idea of this passage?

     A．Some people are luckier than other people

     B．Scientists help us to avoid the inconvenience of the biting insects

     C．Scientists have found a natural anti-biting substance in people’s bodies.

     D．The natural mosquito repellent is good for people.

51．Why are some people less attractive to mosquitoes?

     A．Because they have less sweat    

     B．Because their sweat contains a particular chemical.

     C．Because the ratio of their natural mosquito repellent is much higher

     D．Because they are less attractive

52．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to this passage?

     A．Scientists are doing experiments with volunteers in Africa.

     B．The natural mosquito repellent is only used to deal with mosquitoes

     C．DEET is the best repellent available now

     D．All people might produce chemicals that can mask the mosquito-attracting substance.

More and more mainland high school graduates are considering attending universities in Hong Kong. They feel that attractive scholarships, the high quality of education and a chance to experience a different culture present a good opportunity.

At Fudan University’s Handan campus, nearly 800 local high school graduates have attended an admission interview for Hong Kong University (HKU). The candidates have already passed the national college entrance exam and an HKU written test. HKU applicants in the mainland are 10,000 students this year, more than doubling last year’s applicants.

“Most of the applicants are excellent high school graduates with outstanding performance in the national college entrance exam,” Cui Jijia, an official with HKU’s Shanghai office, said.

Excellent freshmen from the mainland will be awarded a scholarship ranging from HK$30,000 (US$3,862) to HK$100,000 this year, as HKU has set aside a total scholarship budget of HK$55 million for first-year students.

One HKU applicant says that entering a university in Hong Kong provides access to jobs in Hong Kong in the future. “I’ll choose HKU if I receive an offer from both a local school and HKU,” he says.

Besides HKU, some other universities from Hong Kong also hold admission interviews for students from mainland high schools. They expect to enroll more than 1,300 mainland students.

45．Which one is not the reason for mainland students to enter a university in Hong Kong?

   A．Graduating from a Hong Kong university may present an opportunity to work in Hong Kong.

   B．The tuition in a Hong Kong university is not high.

   C．The high quality of education.

   D．A chance to have a different cultural environment.

46．According to this passage, we can know that ________.

   A．mainland high school graduates need an admission interview when they enter a university

   B．most mainland high school students prefer to enter a university in Hong Kong

   C．mainland universities have no scholarships

   D．most of the HKU applicants in the mainland are very excellent

47．If high school graduates want to enter Hong Kong University, they must ________.

   A．have an interview first                 

    B．be born in a rich family

   C．graduate from an excellent school  

   D．have an admission interview after they pass the written test

48．The main idea of this passage is _______.

   A．the scholarship of the universities in Hong Kong is very high

   B．the competition of entering a Hong Kong university is very tough

   C．excellent students in the mainland now have a new choice for higher education

   D．to study in a university in Hong Kong is better than to study in the mainland

While waiting to pick up a friend at the airport in Portland, Oregon, I had an experience which occurred merely two feet away from me．

       Trying to locate my friend among the passengers coming through the jet way, I noticed a man walking toward me carrying two light bags．He stopped right next to me to greet his family．

       First he kissed his three children one by one and said, “It’s nice to see you．I missed you so much!” Then he hugged his wife, “I’ve saved the best for last!” giving her the longest, most passionate kiss I ever remember seeing．They stared at each other’s eyes, smiling at one another, while holding both hands．For an instant they reminded me of newlyweds, but I knew by the age of their kids that they couldn’t possibly be．

       Full of admiration, I asked, “Wow! How long have you two been married?” “Being together for fourteen years total, married twelve of those．” He replied, without breaking his gaze from his lovely wife’s face．“Well, then, how long have you been away?” I asked．“Two whole days!” “Two days?” I was astonished．By the intensity (热烈) of the greeting, I had assumed he’d been gone for at least several weeks ― if not months．I knew my expression betrayed me, so I turned away my eyes and said quietly, “I hope my marriage is still that passionate after so long!”

The man suddenly stopped smiling and looked at me straight in the eye．With forcefulness he told me something that left me a different person．“Don’t hope, friend…decide!” Then he smiled again, shook my hand and said, “God bless!”

With that, he and his family turned and walked away together．

I was still watching that man and his special family walk just out of sight when my friend came up to me and asked, “What are you looking at?” Without hesitation, and with a curious sense of certainty, I replied, “My future!”

41．The best title of the passage may be __________．  

A．Long Loving Hugs                                B．My Future

C．Don’t Hope, Decide                            D．Love Is Everywhere

42．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

      A．The man replied to the author, with his eyes still fixed on his wife’s face．

      B．After being away for several weeks, the man missed his family very much．

      C．It was fourteen years since the couple had got married．

      D．Their three kids reminded the author of newlyweds．

43．By saying “my expression betrayed me” (in Paragraph 4), the author means that _______．

      A．he failed to express his ideas to the man

B．the man sensed his real feelings from his expression

C．he didn’t believe in his expression any more  

D．his expression was not faithful to him

44．From the passage, we can infer that __________．

       A．the experience may be easily forgotten by the author

B．the author will live a passionate life from now on

C．the author will be away from his family and hug them passionately upon his return

D．Americans prefer to save the best for last 

I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the  21  celebrations in the small town where I lived on the day when the war in Europe ended. We had not  22  much from the war there, though, like most children of my age, I often saw  23  houses in the streets and the very big  24  lorries passing through. But both at home and at school I had become  25  to the phrases “before the war” and “when the war is over”. “Before the war”, obviously,  26  had been better, though I was too young to understand why,  27  there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas, which I had  28  heard of. When the war was over we would go back to London, but this meant very  29  to me. I did not remember what London was like.

  What I remember now  30  V-Day was the afternoon and the evening. Some boys and girls were collecting  31  and building an enormous bonfire. We stood and watched them for a time, and then I went home and  32  myself in with my key and waited for my parents to come back from work.

  It was May and still broad  33  when my mother arrived, and my father came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to  34  the bonfire, so when it got dark my father took me to the end of the street. The bonfire was very  35 , and somehow people had collected some old clothes to  36  “Hitler” with the moustache they had put on top of it. Just as we arrived, they set light to it. The flames  37  soon. Everyone was cheering and shouting.

  I stood beside my father until the  38  started to go down, not knowing what to say. He said nothing, either. He had  39  in the First World War and remembered everything he had experienced. At last he said, “Well, that’s it, son. Let’s hope that this time it really will be the  40  one”

Don’t ­        when you meet difficulties.

       A．lose your heart  B．lose heart          C．lose the heart      D．lose a heart

She stood there in the rain,        for the bus       .

       A．waiting; to arrive                                 B．waited; to arrive    

       C．waiting; arriving                                  D．waited; arriving

He couldn’t keep his eyes       to all this.

       A．shut                    B．shutted                C．to shut                D．shutting

Was it at half past five when we were still sound asleep     he got up?

    A．that                        B．before                C．when                  D．after

Go and get your coat. It’s       you left it.

       A．the          B．where          C．there where             D．where there