Chinese Jump Rope is a challenging game played by anyone anywhere. The simple rules test the skill and coordination (协调) of all players.

RULES

A jumper jumps until a jumping mistake is made.

• A mistake can be made if a jumper jumps "out" instead of "in".

• A mistake is also made if a jumper touches the rope incorrectly in the game.

• After making a mistake, the jumper trades positions with an ender. The jumper starts from the very beginning of the game on the next turn. Every Chinese Jump Rope game begins with the rope held in basic position.

ENDERS

• Face each other and step inside the rope.

• Place the rope around the ankles.

• Step back until the rope is stretched.

• Two parallel (平行的) jumping lines, about 12 inches (30 cm) apart, are stretched between the enders.

• The jumper stands outside the rope, ready to play.

"IN"

• Jump both feet inside the rope.

“ON"

Jump both feet on top of the rope. The left foot lands on the left rope;, the right foot lands on the

right rope.

"OUT"

•Jump both feet from the middle to the outside of the rope. Feet land together on one side.

"SIDE OUT"

•Jump over both ropes from one side. Both feet land together on the other side of the rope.

"SIDE-TO-SIDE"

Jump quickly side-to-side. Both feet start "out" from one side of the ropes.

•Jump side: The left foot lands outside the left rope. The right foot lands inside the rope.

•Jump side again quickly: The left foot lands inside the rope. The right foot lands outside the right rope.

Jumpers call the steps out loud while jumping. Calling helps the jumpers remember the "pattern" of the jumps!

Practice "jumping steps" with these simple jumping games!

 

72. If you are an ender, you should __.

A. stand outside of the rope                B. jump over both ropes from one side

C. control the ropes for the jumpers    D. jump from the beginning after making a mistake

73. The underlined word stretched in the passage probably means __.

A. made longer by pulling                   B. made under one's feet

C. taken off over one's head               D. changed in order to get a good preparation

74. Why do the jumpers call the steps out loud while jumping?

A. To teach the jumpers how to jump rope.

B. To make the jumpers jump as quickly as they can.                    

C. To help the jumpers to be ready to play.

D. To remind the jumpers of the "pattern" of the jumps.

75. The main purpose of the passage is to __.

A. make advertisements   B. provide facts   C. give some advice    D. compare opinions

Shoplifting (入店行窃) is happening in stores or supermarkets throughout the world. However, shoplifting happens more in British stores, according to a recent research, by the UK-based Center for Retail Research.

Napoleon once considered Britain as "a nation of shopkeepers", to which so many people dreamed of traveling. Now it seems it is a nation of shoplifters. According to the research, Britain is the most light-fingered country in Europe, with nearly one in every two cases of shoplifting across the continent taking place in British stores. The report said there were nearly 566,000 reported cases of shoplifting in Britain out of a Europe-wide total of 1.27 million. The next worst countries in Europe, France and Germany, came well below Britain with only 188,000 and 167,000 cases, respectively. Switzerland lived up to its clean-living reputation, with just 10,198 recorded cases of shop theft, and it is the lowest in Europe.

"The only reason I can think of is the higher level of criminality in Britain," report author Joshua Bamfield said. But the blame for Britain's poor showing does not lie wholly at the doorstep of Britons, Bamfield said, but also with some organized foreign groups traveling in cities such as London. "There are traveling groups of thieves, many from places like Poland and Russia, that target large department stores," Bamfield said. "The problem is right across Europe ― the criminals have formed their own European Union."

Bamfield said one factor causing some mistakes on the statistics was also likely to be that retailers in Britain were more likely to record thefts compared to other nations, such as Greece. "It's a social phenomenon that could happen in any countries", said Bamfield, "The most important thing is how to prevent it rather than accusing of it too much."

 

68. By saying "a nation of shopkeepers". Napoleon probably meant that __.

A. Britain was a nation of shoplifters though it was rich then

B. Britain should have cared more about its agriculture

C. Britain's economy was experiencing a great development

D. Britain should take some measures to reduce the number of shops

69. According to the passage, in which country are we likely to feel safer when shopping?

A. Britain        B. Germany        C. France       D. Switzerland

70. From what Joshua Bamfield said, it can be inferred that __.

A. it's the highest level of criminality that caused Britain's social problem

B. Britain's social problem of shop theft came from varieties of sides

C. Britain's poor showing does not lie wholly at the doorstep of Britons

D. it's traveling groups of thieves that make up the majority of Britain's shoplifters

71. What's the main idea of this passage?

A. Protecting ourselves is important when shopping.

B. Shoplifting is becoming serious, especially in Britain.

C. Shoplifting does great harm to people across Europe.

D. Europe is suffering many traveling groups of thieves.

Before a new type of airplane goes into service, every part of it is tested again and again. But there are two tests that are more important than all the others.

The first is called the "tank test". Modem airplane must fly very high in the sky. Air must be pumped into the plane so that the passengers can breathe. The metal structure of the plane has to be very strong for this reason. When the plane is filled with air, the air presses against the skin of the plane inside. The pressure on a small window is like a huge foot that is trying to get out. If a small part of the plane were to fail, the plane would explode in the sky. To test the structure, the plane is lowered into a huge tank or container of water. Then it is filled with air. The pressure inside the plane is greater than it ever will be when it is high up in the air. Finally, there is an explosion. This does not cause so much damage inside the water tank as it would be anywhere else. Engineers can discover which part of the plane has broken. Then that part is made stronger. The most dangerous test happens when the new plane is going through test flights in the air. The test pilot must find out exactly what happens when the engines are all shut off at once. The plane begins to fall like a stone. It is the pilot's job to find out how he can get control of the plane again. These two tests are examples of how planes are made safe before they ever carry passengers.

 

64. By doing the "tank test", the engineers can find out______.

A. the amount of air in the plane                        B. the strength of the plane structure

C. the pressure inside and outside the plane        D. the power of the airplane engines

65. What will happen to the plane under the "tank test"?

A. It will be broken.                                      B. It will be filled with water.

C. It will be made stronger.                            D. It will be tested by pilot.

66. According to the text, why are test flights most dangerous?

A. The plane may explode in the air.           B. The pilot may lose control of the plane.

C. The engines may be damaged.               D. Too much air may get into the plane.

67. What might be the most suitable title for the text?

A. Two Important Tests on Airplanes        B. The Importance of Flying Safely

C. The Danger of Testing Airplanes          D. How Airplane Are Made and Tested

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