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Judgment of character can be influenced by something as simple as the temperature of a drink held in our hands .according to a US study published today,

Researchers form Yale University conducted experiments that showed that people perceive(认知)others as more generous and more attentive if they have just been holding a hot cup of coffee,and that the inverse is true for cold drinks.    

A second study found that people are more likely’ to give something to others if they held

Something warm, and more likely take something for themselves if they something cold, in the study .published in the current issue of the journal Science, the research team built on earlier studies that show the physical distance between individuals also influences social judgment about others.

    The experiment suggests that the warmth of an object or the distance that is felt between people means more than simple metaphors(暗喻).Both instances, researchers said ,are literal examples of trust first experienced between mother and child during infancy.

  “When we ask whether someone is a warm person or cold person.they both have a temperature 0f 98.6(Farenheit,37 Celsius),’’said Yale psychology professor John Bargh,who co-authored the study with Lawrence Williams at the University of Colorado.“These terms indirectly explains the primitive experience of what it means to be warm and cold?’’

“Physical temperatures affect not just how humans see each other, but also how humans behave,”said Bergh,“The power of temperature on character assessments has been backed up by recent brain imaging studies.”He added.“Physical warmth call makes us see others as warmer

people,          cause us to be warmer, more generous and trusting as well

    The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.

 

76.What is the main idea of the passage?(Please answer within 15 words.)

                                                                               

77.List two aspects that affect social judgment about others.(Please answer within 10 words.)

   ①                                                               

78.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 6 with proper words.(Please answer within 6 words)

                                                                                                                               

79.Which  sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

    Recent studies on brain imagin has supported temperature's effect on judgment of character

 80.Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.

                                                                               

    Marriages improve after children grow up and move out,according to an academic study,which suggests an” empty nest” is not always a bad thing.

    Popular wisdom has it that parents’ relationships may suffer once their young fly the coop,because they feel they have lost their purpose in life.However, a new study by researchers at the  University of California, Berkeley,has found that many couples actually feel happier when their children leave home because they are able to enjoy spending time together.

    In total,123 American mothers born in the 1930s were tracked for 18 years and asked to rate their satisfaction levels shortly after marrying, when they were bringing up babies,once their children reached their teenage years and finally at age 61,when almost all had” empty nests”.

    Although not all said they were happier in general,most claimed their marriages had improved since their children had left home.Researchers believe this is not just because the spouses were spending more time together, but because they were able to enjoy each other’s company more.

    One of the participants in the study, which is published in the journal Psychological Science,said:“Once the kids grow up…there’s some of that stress removed…that responsibility removed,so things are a little more relaxed.’’

    Psychologist Sara Gorchoff, who carried out the investigation,said:“The take-home message  for couples with young children is’ hang in there’.”Her co-author Oliver John added:“Don’t wait until your kids leave home to schedule quality time with your partner.”   

    However, Dr Dorothy Rowe,from the British Psychological Society,said the effects of living in an “empty nest'” will depend on the parents’relationship with their children.“If yod’re just waiting for them to leave home so you Can get on with your life,then of course you’11 be pleased to see them go,”she said,‘‘But if you’ve built your life around your children you’11 be terribly lonely.”For some parents,their world falls apart when their Children leave.’’

 

72.It is commonly believed that            

    A.marriages improve after children leave home

    B.an” empty nest’ is always a happy thing

    C.parents’ relationships may suffer once their young grow up and move out

    D.parents will be pleased after their children leave home

 73.When did many couples feel happier according to the study?

    A.At age 61.when almost all had” empty nests”.

    B.Shortly after marrying.

    C.Once their children reached their teenage years.

    D.When they were bringing up babies.

74.Marriages improve after children fly the coop not because         

    A.many couples are able to spend time together

    B.many couples arc able to enjoy each other’s company

    C.things are a little more relaxed

    D.many couples needn’t work at all

 75.The author of the passage tends to agree that           .    

    A.parents should build their life around their kids

    B.parents should schedule quality time with each other before kids leave home

    C.parents’ relationship with their kids has no effect on marriages at all

    D.parents should be pleased to see their kids leave home

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