What causes traffic jams? Too many cars, right? No! Some Brits are now saying that traffic lights are to blame for much of the congestion（交通拥挤）. They suggest that traffic lights be removed at busy roads. They believe people are a better judge of when it’s safe to go, not a traffic light programmed by an absent regulator.

A report from the Institute of Economic Affairs, a UK think tank（智囊团）, argues that abolishing traffic signals would decrease congestion, reduce exhaust emissions（废气排放）and improve safety.

The report said that removing lights should also prevent other bad behavior caused by signals, such as speeding up to catch a green light. It would also avoid the wasted time when drivers have to sit at a red light even if no one is using the green.

The idea may sound strange, but it’s not new. Seven cities and regions in Europe are experimenting with no-lights roads.

Drachten in the Netherlands has got rid of 16 of its traffic light crossings and changed the other two to roundabouts under a “shared space” scheme. At crossings, cyclists dutifully raise their arm when they want to make a turn, and drivers follow a first-arrived, first-through approach and communicate by hand signs, nods and waving.

The result? Typical journey time has been cut in half, and accidents and congestion have mostly disappeared.

There have been small collisions but no problem, said Hans Monderman, creator of the scheme. “We want small accidents, in order to prevent serious ones. It works well because it’s dangerous. The driver has to be responsible for his or her own risk.

“The many rules take away the ability to be considerate,” Monderman added. “We’re losing our responsibility for socially responsible behavior.”

So far, Drachten’s locals have called the experiment a success. “I am used to it now,” said Helena Spaanstra, 24. “You drive more slowly and carefully, but somehow you seem to get around town quicker.”

Tony Ooostward, 70, was equally enthusiastic. “I am a walker and now you are the boss at the crossroads, everyone waits for you. But at the same time walkers wait until there are a number of people wanting to cross at the same time.”

Owen Paterson, UK’s Shadow Transport Minister, visited Drachten. He said Britain should learn from the model. “The idea is to create space where there is mild anxiety among everyone so they all behave cautiously. No one drives fast along a busy street thinking that they have right of way.”

60.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Don’t Count On Traffic Lights              B. New Traffic Systems Needed

C. Turn Those Traffic Lights Off         D. Let People Have More Say In Traffic

61.According to the report from the Institute of Economic Affairs, abolishing traffic lights would NOT lead to ____.

A. more time being saved                   B. reduction of traffic jams

C. improvement of the environment    D. right of way being taken for granted

62.The underlined word “collision” in Paragraph 7 means closest to ____.

A. jam     B. accident     C. trouble     D. congestion

63.From the passage we can see that the experiment in Drachten worked well because ____.

A. walkers have become the boss of the crossroads

B. cyclists, walkers and drivers each have specially designed routes

C. everyone finds that they have to do their share in regulating traffic

D. drivers are more careful and wait for eyclists or walkers to pass first

Attitude isn’t quite everything when it comes to being successful, but attitude plays a part in every stage of your life. A poor attitude gets more people fired than any other single factor, and a good attitude gets people jobs and helps them keep those jobs more than any other factor.

Your attitude affects many people, from your family to the stranger on the street corner. Your attitude is particularly important when you face seemingly hopeless situations. Losing a job or friend because of a poor attitude is unfortunate.

You can find at least two ways to look at everything. A pessimist looks for difficulty in the opportunity, while an optimist looks for opportunity in the difficulty. A poet of long ago put the difference between optimism and pessimism this way: Two men looked out from prison bars – one saw mud; the other saw stars.

Unfortunately, many people look only at the problem and not at the opportunity that lies within the problem. Many employees complain about the difficulty of their jobs, for example, not realizing that if the job were simple, the employer would hire someone with less ability at a lower wage. A small coin can hide even the sun if you hold the coin close enough to your eye. So when you get too close to your problems, to think objectively about them, try to keep in mind how your vision can be obstructed. Take a step back, and look at the situation from a new angle.

You can’t do anything to change the fact that a problem exists, but you can do a great deal to find the opportunity within that problem. You’re guaranteed a better tomorrow by doing your best today and developing a plan of action for the tomorrows that lie ahead. Just remember to maintain a positive mental attitude.

45．What does the author mean by saying the first sentence in Paragraph 1?

A．If you have a good attitude, you will be successful.

B．Your attitude has nothing to do with your success.

C．Your attitude makes a great influence on your life.

D．Your success is very important to your life.

46．The author mentions the example of many employees in Paragraph 4 to tell people to ______.

A．look for problem in the opportunity

B．look for opportunity in the problem

C．ignore the problem

D．make their jobs easy to do

47．In Paragraph 3, the author shows us ______.

A．two ways to look at everything

B．the ways to look for opportunity

C．the ways to look out from prison bars

D．the definition of pessimist and optimist

48．The underlined word “obstructed” in the passage probably means ______.

A．improved      B．shared      C．changed      D．blocked

_____ the rapid development of agriculture in China, the output of grain, fruit, vegetables, and milk has sharply increased, which contributes to the drop in their prices.

   A．As           B．For              C．With           D．While

I made a fire ____up the room as soon as my father came in．

       A．warm       B．warmed   C．to warm    D．warming

To her disappointment, what she had devoted herself to _______ in nothing but failure．

       A．resulting B．results          C．has resulted    D．resulted

 Astronaut Zhai Zhigang has become the first Chinese_____in space.

A. walking         B. walked          C. to have walked    D. to walk

The famous star got injured in a traffic accident before her concert ,______ made her fans worried.

　　A. whoB. as C. whatD. which

 Please keep______ secret that he' s decided to give up his present position.

    A. one     B. it      C. this        D. that

My dad also taught me，by example，that a healthy lifestyle is important．He was hardly ever sick．But I don’l think my dad ever even had a cup of coffee．He barely touched alcohol．

He would say，“Boonnie，your voice is a reflection of your overall physical well-being．So if you want to sing well，take better care of yourself.” If I became hoarse(嘶哑)or caught a cold，he didn’t blame me directly：“Well，Bonnie，you know，if you’d get to sleep a little earlier，that would probably be a good idea．”When I decided to get unexcitable about 18 years ago，he told me．“See，

Bonnie，it's so great to see you in such strong voice all the time．”

He just did not complain，even when he was uncomfortable toward the end，from the pneumonia that eventually took his life．He simply made a choice to be positive and not negative．

I am so glad that we had the chance to perform together．I was touched that he tried singing my music，even though the bluesy style didn’t come naturally to him．Then，when I had so much

Grmnmy success with my album Nick of Time in 1990，I realized. Hey，I have one of the greatest singers of all time in my family．I was very nervous about doing the Boston Pops show on TV with my dad．To calm me，he said，“Bonnie，a beautiful song is a beautiful song．Just believe it．”I looked in my dad’s eyes，and there we were singing the Irving Berlia song with the lvric．Of all the duets I've done．that one wiU always be a highlight．

60．the second paragraph shows that           ．

A．the author’s father had a loving, in-the-moment and joyful approach

B．the author’s father had a very healthy lifestyle

C．the author’s father was very strict with his son

D．the author’s father devoted himself to his son

61．The author。father died because of           ．

A．coffee    B．alcohol    C．pneumonia     D．tire

62．The underlined word “inexeitable” means

A．heated   B．silent    C．angry      D．amused

63．From the last paragraph we may learn that           ．

A．the father and his son often performed together

B．playing blues is the father' s favourite

C．The author was good at orchestral music

D．the father and his son are both musicians

I was glad when somebody told me, "You may go and collect Negro folklore（民间传说）．" In a way, it would not be a new experience for me． When I pitched head first into the world of Negroism, it was fitting me like a tight chemise （衬衣）．I couldn't see it for wearing it．It was only when I was out of college, away from my native surroundings that I could stand off and look at my garment．Then I had to have the spy-glass of anthropology to look through．

I was asked where I wanted to work and I said, "Florida． It's a place that draws people─Negroes from every Southern state and some from the North and West．" So I knew that it was possible for me to get across the section of the Negro South in one state．And then I realized that I felt new myself, so it looked sensible for me to choose familiar ground．

I started in Eatonville, Florida, because I knew that the town was full of material and that I could get it without causing any hurt or harm． As early as I could remember, it was the habit of the men particularly to gather on the store porch in the

evenings and exchange stories．Even the women would stop and break a breath with them at times．As a child when I was sent down to the store, I' d drag out my leaving to hear more．

Folklore is not as easy to collect as it sounds．The ideal source is where there are the fewest outside influences, but these people are．reluctant at times to reveal that which the soul lives by．I knew that even I would have some hindrance（障碍）among strangers．But here in Eatonville I knew everybody was going to help me．

63．In the first paragraph, the author' s claim "In a way, it would not be a new experience for me" refers to the fact that ____．

       A．she had already attended college in Florida

       B．she had already received permission to conduct the study

       C．she had already experienced new cultures by leaving home

       D．she was already familiar with the Negro folklore that she was to collect

64．In the second paragraph, the author indicates that one reason why she chose to work in Florida was that she wanted to collect folklore _____．

       A．from Negroes of different geographical backgrounds

       B．as her teachers advised

       C．from a place she had never visited

       D．in a state far from where she grew up

65．Which of the following statements about the interactions on the porch is true?

       A．Men went there more frequently than women．

       B．Most of the storytellers didn't grow up in Eatonville．

       C．The author' s parents sent her to the porch to hear the stories．

       D．One man in particular told most of the stories．

66．Which of the following is NOT the reason why the author decided to collect folklore in Eatonville?

       A．The people of Eatonville would be grateful if she published their stories．

       B．The people of Eatonville would have many stories for her collection．

       C．She believed that she could collect stories without doing any harm．

       D．She believed that the people of Eatonville would help her in her project．