So long as teachers fail to distinguish (differ) between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.

Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to plan cleverly the most efficient(有效的) system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: It can be seen and observed.

Learning to read involves all that each individual does to understand the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.

If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the long search for knowledge? Smith has one principle rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”

When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them properly, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is got rid of. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the chance to solve the problem of learning to read by learning.

The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that_______. 

A. too much time is spent in teaching about reading

B. reading tasks are given with little guidance

C. it is one of the most difficult school courses

D. students spend limited hours in reading

The teaching of reading will be successful if _______. 

A. teachers can make their teaching activities observable

B. teachers can teach their students how to read

C. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students

D. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading

The word “scrutiny” (Paragraph 3) most probably means “_______”.

A. unbelief           B. control             C. inquiry             D. observation

The main idea of the passage is that_______.

A. reading is more complicated than believable

B. reading ability is something gained rather than taught

C. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible

D. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read

If there are natural resources       in a country, it is common for it to export some of them.

A. in total   B. in abundance  C. in short   D. in pieces

I thought Father would be better, but _______it is, he is getting worse, which makes me more worried.

A. before                B. as               C. because            D. after

When people come to visit the Gallery, they should ____________.

   A. leave all their carried items at the checkrooms

   B. have all their carried items x-rayed at the entrance

   C. take all their carried items with them without inspection

D. have all their carried items inspected at the entrance

What does the Gallery feel sorry for?

   A. Visitors have to keep their valuable items in the checkrooms.

   B. The size of visitor items allowed into the Gallery is limited.

   C. It cannot keep oversized visitor items due to limited space.

   D. Visitor items over 17×26 inches must go through additional checks.

Parents with small children visiting the Gallery _____________.

   A. can carry their children in soft front child carriers

   B. can carry their children on their shoulders

   C. can carry their children in child carriers worn on the back

   D. ought to pay if they want to use pushchairs for their children

Visiting photographers should make sure that __________.

   A. pictures and videos are allowed for personal use anywhere in the Gallery

   B. pictures and videos can be taken in some places for personal use

   C. picture-taking and videoing are totally forbidden in the Gallery

   D. tripods are allowed except in some special exhibitions

While many believe Benjamin Franklin to have discovered electricity, recent findings seem to show _____.

A. anyway             B. otherwise          C. somehow           D. so

C

Do’s and Don’ts in Whale(鲸) Watching

       The Department of Fisheries and Oceans has developed guidelines for whale watching in Johnstone Strait, where killer whales are found on a daily basis each summer. It is strongly recommended that vessel(船只) operators follow these guidelines for all kinds of whales.

       · Approach whales from the side, not from the front or the back.

· Approach no closer than 100 metres, then stop the boat but keep the engine on.

· Keep noise levels down — no horns, whistles or racing of engines.

· Start your boat only after the whales are more than 100 metres from your vessel.

· Leave the area slowly, gradually moving faster when you are more than 300 metres from the whales.

· Approach and leave slowly, avoiding sudden changes in speed or direction.

· Avoid disturbing groups of resting whales.

· Keep at low speeds and remain in the same direction if traveling side by side with whales.

· When whales are traveling close to shore, avoid crowding them near the shore or coming between the whales and the shore.

· Limit the time spent with any group of whales to less than 30 minutes at a time when within 100 to 200 metres of whales.

· If there is more than one vessel at the same observation spot, be sure to avoid any boat position that would result in surrounding the whales.

· Work together by communicating with other vessels, and make sure that all operators are aware of the whale watching guidelines.

64. For whom is this text written?

   A. Tour guides.                             B. Whale watchers.       

C. Vessel operators.                            D. Government officials.

65. When leaving the observation areas, the vessel should ______.

   A. move close to the beach             B. increase speed gradually

   C. keep its engine running slowly   D. remain at the back of the whales

66. When going side by side with whales, the vessel should ______.

   A. keep moving in the same direction      B. surround the whales with other boats

   C. travel closer and closer to the shore      D. take a good viewing position

67. What is the shortest safe distance from the whales?

   A. 400 metres.         B. 300 metres.              C. 200 metres.              D. 100 metres.

In many ways, our society doesn’t simply prepare for the kinds of lives that the elderly must lead. We have made medical advances that allow people to live longer than ever before, but we do not seem to know what to do with them after we have saved their lives. Too little allowance is made for the person who is no longer earning a living, who can not walk long distances or drive a car, or who may have physical or mental disabilities that keep him from communicating with others. The institutional (慈善机构的) care we give our older people is a good reflection of the overall attitude of our society toward the aged.

In the past few years, nursing homes have received wide attention as boring, meaningless places where old people often have little else to do but wait for the end of their lives. Elderly wards in mental hospitals are even worse. One of the most shocking things abort nursing homes has been the unwillingness of people on the outside to show real concern for what happens in these institutions. Even people who are entrusting (委托) a parent to the care of a home rarely ask about the nurse-parent ratio (比率), about the kinds of creative facilities or physical treatment equipment available, or about the frequency of doctors’ visits.

And the government has provided federal money without enforcing high standards of care. In fact federal standards were lowered in 1974. Therefore, in some sense our concern for the aged seems to be moving backwards, not forwards. This picture is in striking contrast to the treatment of respectable patriarchs (男长者) and matriarchs (女长者) in many societies.

What would be the most suitable title for this passage?

A. Failure of Care for the Elderly             B. The Elderly

C. Institutional Care                         D. A National Shame

We can conclude from this passage that the writer feels ____.

A. nursing homes should be got rid of

B. a country that can help people live longer should also be able to care for them better

C. people have no thanks toward their parents

D. our society’s institutions need to be reformed

The writer believes that people who place a parent in a nursing home should ____.

A. demand higher federal standards

B. consider the example set in other countries

C. be ashamed of not keeping the parents in their own homes

D. investigate it first

The writer complains ____.

A. about the indifference of some people towards nursing homes

B. about the shortage of equipment in nursing home

C. that nursing homes keep the aged from communicating with others

D. both A and B

American agricultural scientist Norman Borlaug has received the Congressional Gold Medal.

Norman Borlaug is often called "the man who saved a billion lives" and "the father of the Green Revolution."

His work helped fight starvation in India and Pakistan in the nineteen sixties. He won the nineteen seventy Nobel Peace Prize.

He, ninety-three years old ,still works as an adviser at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center in Mexico.

In accepting the medal, he urged Congress and the administration to increase development assistance for agriculture. He said the world needs better and more technology to deal with hunger. In his words: "Hunger and poverty and misery are very fertile soils into which to plant all kinds of 'isms,' including terrorism."  

In the 1940s, Norman Borlaug and a team developed highly productive and disease-resistant wheat for farmers in Mexico. About twenty years later, millions of people in India and Pakistan were in danger from grain shortages.

The improved wheat from Mexico also grew well in South Asia, combined with changes in growing methods. Norman Borlaug persuaded farmers to use more fertilizers and pesticide chemicals and to water their crops with irrigation systems. Also many a crop can be planted in the same field. The results were big production gains that many believe saved as many as a billion lives.

President Bush noted that hunger still affects much of the developing world. He said the most fitting honor for Norman Borlaug is to lead a second Green Revolution that feeds the world. Yet his support for new agricultural technologies has been criticized at times over the years.

Some researchers worry about the effects of industrial methods of modern farming.

Population researcher Paul Ehrlich, for example, wrote a nineteen sixty-eight book called

"The Population Bomb." He predicted that population growth would cause widespread harm to the planet.

But now, some people are saying there should be greater attention and respect for Norman Borlaug. A major theme of his work is that people can deal with difficulties and that technology can improve their lives.

Norman Borlaug is called “the Father of the Green Revolution” mainly lies in that_______.

     A. he developed highly productive wheat to help fight against hunger

     B. he made a great contribution to fighting against terrorism and hunger

     C. he developed a kind of wheat that is environmentally friendly

D. he sticks to the belief that technology can improve our lives.

The best title for the passage would be________.

     A. Norman Borlaug, the Father of the Green Revolution

     B. Golden Moments----a Long-life Struggle

     C. Hunger------a Serious Problem That Affects the Developing World.

     D. Norman Borlaug, the Savior of the Developing Country.

Which of the following is NOT supported by the passage?

     A. Despite his age, Norman Borlaug still works for the improvement in agriculture

     B. Norman Borlaug thinks that hunger and poverty tend to breed crimes and evil

     C. Without Norman Borlaug’s work, hunger problem wouldn’t completely be settled now

     D. Paul Ehrlich thinks that population growth would cause widespread harm to the planet.

It can be inferred from the passage that_________.

     A. Congress and the administration are to blame for hunger and poverty

     B. not all people are in favor of his new agricultural technologies

     C. people can defeat terrorists by improving modern farming

D. the Congressional Gold Medal is the highest civilian honor given by Congress.

If we are asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we might have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and written in it an account (陈述) of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.

It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a great deal about the people who lived in china 4,000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for whose who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned go write.

Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. They have heard about it from older people, and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings, and those have been sung and acted and told for many generations, for most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call ‘remembered history’. Some of it has now been written history, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.  

Which of the following ideas is NOT talked about in the passage above?

A. “Remembered history” is less reliable than written history.

B. Written records of the past played a most important in our learning of the human history.

C.A written account of our daily activities helps us to remember what we have done

D. Where there are no written records, there is no history.

Remembered history”refers to          .

A. history based on a person’s imagination

B. stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth

C. history written down in books

D. what we have learned and remembered in history lessons

“Remembered history”is regarded as valuable only when       .

A. it is written down                            B. there is no written account

C .is proves down                     D. people are interested in it

It can be inferred from the passage that we could have learned much more about our past than we do now if our ancestors had       .

A. kept a written record of every past event

B. not fought against one another in wars

C. told exact stories of the most important happenings

D. produced and taught more songs and dances

Women, Race & Class

Angela Y Davis

??7.99

Analysing the differences and similarities between the experiences of black and white women, Davis casts new light on the struggle for human rights.

The Words to Say it

(an autobiographical novel)

Marie Cardinal

translated by Pat Goodheart

??7.99

Marie Cardinal's groundbreaking book was the first and remains the complete book about the personal experience of psychoanalysis (精神分析学). It reveals her traumatic (创伤的)childhood and institutionalisation(收容), followed by her escape to the cul-de-sac(死路)where her analyst(精神分析医师)lived. There, for many years, she made the journey towards recovery through Freudian psychoanalysis. A worldwide bestseller, translated into eighteen languages, it remains one of the most highly-praised books of our age.

Jade

Millie Murray

??4.99

Jade Wilson is smart, young, black and ambitious. And she's just been given the chance of a lifetime - a try-out for the Commonwealth Games swimming team. Jade lives with her mum, Jojo, a successful business woman. Jojo is overprotective of Jade, but she has her reasons. As a young model with a wonderful career ahead of her, she fell pregnant(怀孕) with Jade, and, much as she loves her daughter, she's determined not to let anything get in the way of Jade's success. So when Jade starts dating Dicey, there is hell to pay. Will Jade survive her Mum's constant nagging (唠叨)? And what if she were to get pregnant - would she, could she, do the same as Jojo and give up her career? As things start hotting up with Dicey, Jade is faced with some very tough choices... .

The book is very popular with people all over the world.

Which of the following can prove the book The Words to Say it is very successful ?

A. It is the first book about psychoanalysis.

B. It has a successful beginning and ending.

C. It has translated into 18 languages.

D. It remains the complete book about personal experiences.

From the third part we can learn that ________about Jade Wilson’s mother, Jojo.

A. She didn’t care about Jade.

B. She gave it up because of lack of interest in her career.

C. She wouldn’t like Jade to be what she was.

D. She was willing to accept Jade’s boy friend first.

The sentence “there is hell to pay” in the third part probably means _____.

A. there are a lot of ghosts

B. there is a lot of trouble

C. the price has to be paid  

D. it cost too much to do something

Which book do you buy if you want to read about women’s rights?

A. Women, Race & Class         B. Jade  

C. The Words to Say it           D. Marie Cardinal

What is it that makes the book The Words to Say it different from two other books in writing style?  

A. It is an autobiographical novel

B. Its contents and writer

C. Its translations

D. The leading character in the book