We've used the wind as an energy source for a long time. The Babylonians and Chinese were using wind power to pump water for irrigating crops 4,000 years ago, and sailing boats were around long before that. Wind power was used in the Middle Ages, in Europe, to grind(磨碎) corn, which is where the term "windmill" comes from. 任务型读写（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填
一个单词。
For thousands of years ’ the most important two buildings in any British village have been the
church and the pub. In fact，until a place has a church and a pub，it isn ’ t really considered a
community worthy of a name. Traditionally，the church and the pub are at the heart of any village
or town, since it is where people gather to give and receive news. In fact, the word ‘ pub' is short
for 4 public house'.
That's how it used to be, but things are beginning to change. It is said that the credit
decline is causing 39 British pubs a week to go out of business. People don ’ t have lots of spare
money to spend on beer. Recently, the UK government banned smoking in all pubs, and that may
also have affected the number of customers going to pubs.
This decline is happening despite the fact that in 2005 the UK government started to allow
pubs to stay open after 11 p. m. Previously，with 11 p. m. as closing time，customers would have
to drink quite quickly，meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink
slowly. The British habit of drinking a lot very quickly is known as，binge drinking ’ (狂饮)，
and it causes some long - term health problems for people and problems with violent crime for
??communities. The UK government is changing the law to discourage binge drinking, and regularly
spends money on television advertisements to warn people of the problems of drinking too much.
In order to save their businesses, pubs are trying to change with the market. Now, there are
a number of different types of pubs.
As you can see, British pubs now offer something for everyone. A lot of pubs used to be
working men' s clubs, meaning that women could not usually enter. Today, however, women can
freely enter 99% of pubs without experiencing any problems. Perhaps things are changing for the
better after alL
| Topic | The ____of British Pub Culture? |
| The important ___ of churches and pubs in people' s daily life in the UK | ??People won't name an area unless there are a church and a pub. ??They are the places where people gather to ____ news. |
| The ____ for the decrease of the pub business | ??The credit decline is said to cause many pubs to ___ down. ??Smoking is not ___ in all pubs, which may have had an effect on the business. ??The government is trying hard to ____binge drinking. |
| ___ to save the business | ??Pubs are making )____ to meet the needs of the market. ??As a woman in the UK nowadays, you can ____ a drink in almost all the pubs. |
| Conclusion | Things are changing for the better probably from now on. |