In a surprising discovery about where higher life can survive, scientists have found a shrimp —— like creature and a jellyfish swimming beneath an Antarctic ice sheet.

About 180 meters below the ice where no light can get through, scientists had thought nothing much more than a few microbes (微生物) could exist.

That’s why a NASA team was surprised when they lowered a video camera to get the first long look at the underbelly of an ice sheet in Antarctica. A curious shrimp – like creature came swimming by and then parked itself on the camera’s cable. Scientists also pulled up a tentacle (触须) they believe came from a jellyfish.

“We were operating on the presumption that nothing’s there.” Said NASA ice scientist Robert Bindschadler. “It was a shrimp you’d enjoy having on your plate.”

“We were just gaga (狂热的) over it,” he said of the 7.5cm long, orange creature starring in their two – minute video. Technically, it’s not a shrimp. It’s a Lyssianasid amphipod, which is distantly related to the shrimp.

The video is likely to inspire experts to rethink what they know about life in harsh environments. And it has scientists thinking that if shrimp – like creatures can live below 180 meters of Antarctic ice in freezing dark water, what about other cold places? What about Europa, a frozen moon of Jupiter?

Cynan Ellis – Evans, a scientist of the British Antarctic Survey called the finding fascinating. He said it was possible the creatures swam in from far away and don’t live there permanently.

But Kim, who is a co-author of the study, doubts it. “The site in West Antarctica is at least 19 km from open seas. Bindschadler drilled a 20 cm – wide hole and was looking at a tiny amount of water. That means it’s unlikely that two creatures swam from great distances and were captured randomly in that small of an area,” she said.

Yet scientist were puzzled at what the food source would be for these creatures. While some microbes can make their own food out of chemicals in the ocean, complex life like the shrimp can’t, Kim said.

“So how do they survive? That’s the key question.” Kim Sai.

“It’s pretty amazing when you find a huge puzzle like that on a planet where we thought we know everything.” Kim said.

What does the underlined word “harsh” probably mean?

A. cold           B. loud          C. cruel           D. ugly

According to Kim, the shrimp – like creature        .

A. swam great distances to Antarctic      B. has always lived in the region

C. gradually evolved from shrimps  D. has nothing in common with shrimps

The finding is significant in that           .

A. it marks NASA’S first Antarctic biological study

B. it proves there is marine life in the Antarctic

C. it could inspire further study of life in harsh environments

D. it shows that Lyssianasid amphipod is closely related to shrimps

Which of the following statements about the discovery is FALSE?

A. Complex life usually lives on other forms of life.

B. Scientists saw two creatures in the two – minute video.

C. It is possible for creatures to live 180 meters below the ice though there is no light.

D. Scientists captured the shrimp – like creature in a camera by drilling a hole through the ice.

(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Almost everyone likes to eat apples. Apples grow in nearly every part of the world. The United States produces more apples than any other country except France. The states of Washington and New York grow the most apples.   71   New York is on the east coast and Washington is on the west near Canada.

Apples are red, yellow or green. They are very popular in the United States.   72   Most American people are often too busy or too tired to cook dinner, so they often have their dinners very simply. Apple juice is also a popular drink and apple pie is the favorite sweet dish for many Americans.

  73   The trees there produce nearly five billion apples every year—one apple for every man, woman and child in the whole world.

  74   For example, “You are the apple of my eye.” means “You are actually the one I love best and care most.” In China, it is a custom in some places for the marrying couple to hold an apple in each one’s hand, promising that their marriage will be “safe” without anything bad and that their marriage will never be broken. “To apple polish” often refers to a man who fawns (奉承) on somebody for the purpose of getting some benefits. So you can easily get “apple polisher”. However, “in apple-pie order” usually has the same meaning as “in good order”.   75   In fact, it’s another saying about “compare two things that can’t be compared”.

A. The state of Washington is proud of its apples.

B. Apples play an important part in people’s health.

  There are many stories and sayings about apples.

D. Perhaps this is why “New York” is often called “Big Apple” by some people.

E. The apples in France are better than those in America.

F. Many people like to carry apples to work or to school to eat with their lunches.

G. It is likely that you hear about “compare apples and oranges”

Women turn to online shopping

Women have jumped ahead of men for the first time in using the Internet to do their holiday shopping, according to a study published last week in the US.

For years men have been more likely to shop on the Internet than women, but during the 2004 holiday season 58 percent of those making online purchases were women.

“It shows how mainstream the Internet is becoming,” said Lee Rainie, director of the Pew Internet and American Life Project group, which carried out the study.

Rainie said it was only a matter of time before women shoppers caught up with men. This is because women traditionally make decisions about spending.

Users were more likely to shop online to save time . Internet users between the ages 18 and 29 were responsible for some of the most dramatic increase in the online gift-buying population this time around.

However, three-quarters of the US Internet users did not buy holiday gifts online in 2004. They worried about credit card security, or just compared online prices with off-line prices, then dashed off to the shops to get the best deals.

“But even if shoppers don’t buy online, websites are becoming promotion tools for stores,” said Dan Hess, vice president of ComScore Networks Inc. Hess said that actually most stores’ websites can make customers fully believe the security of their credit card numbers. And most are able to ensure that gifts arrive on time

“It’s all about making the shopping experience more efficient, more reliable and more comfortable.” Hess said.

60. Which of the following statements is true?

There were fewer women online shoppers than men in 2004.

Most of the Internet users between the ages of 18 and 29 are women.

People in the US were more likely to buy gifts online.

More women shopped online than men in 2004.

61. From the passage we can infer that ______________.

men usually decide how to spend money in the family

women usually decide what to buy in the family

the Internet is used in all the shops

more and more shops will sell their goods online

62. According to Dan Hess , shopping online ______________.

A. is unsafe          B. is convenient           C. is a waste of money       D. is cheaper

63. What can we know from the passage?

A. American people only gifts in holidays.

B. Shopping online is fun for women.

C. Shopping off-line provides better serve.        

D. Young people like to do gift-shopping online.

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