The temperature is rising again in the Arctic. The sea ice area has dropped to one of the lowest levels on record, climate scientists reported last week.

“The new Arctic Report Card tells a story of widespread and continued effects of a warming Arctic,” said Jackie Richter-Menge of the US’s Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory.

“This isn’t just a climatological (气候学的) effect. It impacts the people that live there,” she added.

Scientists concerned about global warming focus on the Arctic because that is a region where the effects are expected to be felt first, and that has been the case in recent years.

There was a slowdown in Arctic warming in 2009, but in the first half of 2010 warming was near a record pace. The monthly readings were over 4 degrees Celsius above normal in northern Canada, according to the report card. The report card was prepared by 69 researchers in eight countries.

Researchers said last winter’s big snow storms that struck some Northern countries were tied to higher Arctic temperatures.

“Normally the cold air is bottled up in the Arctic,” said Jim Overland of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “But last December and February, winds that normally blow west to east across the Arctic were instead bringing the colder air south,” he said.

“As we lose more sea ice... warming in the atmosphere can create more of these winter storms,” Overland said.

There is a powerful connection between ice cover and air temperatures, Richter-Menge explained. When temperatures warm, ice melts. When ice melts it shows darker surfaces underneath , which absorb  more heat. “That, in turn, causes more melting and on the cycle goes,” she said.

In September the Arctic sea ice extent was the third smallest in the last 30 years, added Don Perovich of the US Army Laboratory. He said the three smallest ice covers have occurred in the last four years.

Scientists care so much about the warming in the Arctic region because     .

A .the climate in the Arctic doesn’t change much

B. global warming effects are most serious in the Arctic region

C .there has been a major decrease of Arctic warming in recent years

D. by studying the region they can make predictions about the future impact of global warming

. Which of the following shows that the Arctic is getting warmer? 

A. The surface of the sea ice in Arctic is getting darker and darker.

B. The Arctic sea ice extent has disappeared over the last 30 years.

C. The sea ice extent has increased to one of the highest levels on record.

What does the underlined word “cycle” refer to?  

A .Ice giving off heat when it melts.

B. Higher temperatures bringing more storms.

C .The cause and the result of the melting.

D. The life of the people living in the Arctic getting worse.

According to researchers what led to big snow storms attacking some Northern countries last winter?                 

A. Higher Arctic temperatures.

B. The melting ice.

C. The cold wind blowing west to east.

D. Cold air bottled up in the Arctic.

What is the main point of the article?         

A. Last winter’s big snow-storms.

B. Winds in the Arctic region.

C. Arctic warming and its possible effects.

D. Changes to the life of people living in the Arctic.

One evening, Mr. Green was driving his car along a lonely country road. He had __36__$10,000 from the bank in town. Suddenly a man in rags(衣衫褴褛) stopped him and asked for __37___. Mr. Green told him to get on and continued his way. __38___ he talked to the man, he _39___ that he had just broken out of prison. Mr. Green was very afraid at the __40__ of the money. Suddenly he saw a police-car and had a __41__ idea. He __42__ on speed and drove as quikly as possible. Then he found the police-car running _43___ him. After a mile the police-car passed him and ordered him to _44____. A policeman came up. Mr. Green hoped to tell him about the trouble but the man put a gun to Mr. Green’s __45___.

  The policeman said he wanted Mr. Green’s name and _46__ amd Mr. Green obeyed. The policeman wrote it down in his notebook and put it in his __47___. “You _48___ appear at the police station,” he said, Then he talked to Mr. Green about _49____ driving.

  Mr. Green started up his car again. He had given _50___ all hope of his $10,000, but as he reached a more lonely part, the robber said he wanted to __51___, Mr. Green stopped and the man said , “_52____, You’ve been _53___ to me. This is what I can do in __54___.” And he handed Mr. Green the policeman’s __55__, which was stolen while the policeman was talking to Mr. Green.

A. taken      B. held          C. brought        D. drawn

A. money     B. help          C. a lift           D. a ride

A. As         B. Since        C. Then           D. Because

A. recognized  B. learned       C. supposed        D. expected

A. sight       B. idea         C. touch            D. thought

A. fast        B. bright        C. strange          D. practical

A. put        B. got           C. took            D. had

A. behind     B. with          C. after            D. ahead of

A. go         B. stop          C. stand           D. park

A. head       B. shoulder       C. back           D. neck

A. number     B. home         C. place           D. address

A. car         B. pocket        C. hand           D. trousers

A. shall        B. will          C. would          D. need

A. careful      B. fast           C. careless        D. dangerous

A. out         B. away          C. up            D. in

A. run away    B. break away      C. set out        D. get out

A. I’m sorry    B. You’re welcome  C. That’s all right  D. Thank you

A. kind        B. polite           C. known        D. necessary

A. all          B. fact            C. return         D. the end

A. gun         B. pen            C. money        D. notebook

Brazil is the greatest football nation in the world. There are 170 million Brazilians. How many of them are football fans? 100 million! All of them think they know all about football. This makes life very difficult for the Brazilian team managers. When things go bad for the Brazilian team, the newspapers would demand that the team manager should leave his job. “If we win, they me in heaven,” a manager once said. “If we lose, they put me in hell(地狱).”

   You can’t escape football in Brazil. There are football matches on every street and beach. On television, the results of football matches come before the main news programs. There are six television channels(频道) in Rio de Janeiro. On Sundays each channel shows a different football match.

   Brazil is not the richest country in the world, but the government spends lots of money on football. It cost more than one billion pounds to prepare for the 1978 World Cup. That’s 10 pounds for every Brazilian man, woman, and child. And many Brazilians don’t earn as much as 10 pounds a week. Is it worth it?

   “Brazil must have a great football team,” says one journalist. “If it costs one billion pounds, that’s all right. If the government doesn’t give us a good team, then it will become unpopular. Football is more than a game in Brazil.”

   Football is more than a game in Brazil. This is certainly true in its largest city, Sao Paulo. The most popular team is Corinthians. Corinthians’ fans are the most loyal and emotional in Brazil. When Corinthians win, production(产量) in the Sao Paulo car factories increases by fifteen per cent. When they loses, it drops. At one time Corinthians won the national championship for the first time, for four days fans danced and sang in the streets,

   Why are people so loyal to one football team? What makes a football fan? One man says, “Without Corinthians my life would be sad. Corinthians bring some joy and excitement into my life. We all need that, don’t we?”

In Paragraph 1, what the manager said means_______.

A, he is respected by newspapers        B,. he will probably be killed by fans

C. he is judged on his team’s results     D. it’s difficult for him to get good scores

All the following statements about the Brazilians and football are true EXCEPT _______.

A. all the Brazilians know all about football 

B. football has an influence on politics in Brazil

C. the Brazilians spend a lot of money on football

D. Corinthians’ fans are always supporting their team

Some people danced and sang in the streets for four days in Sap Paulo because_______.

   A. production in the Sao Paulo car factories increased

   B. Corinthians won a national football championship

   C. Corinthians won the World Cup  D. the newspapers put a team manager in heaven

People are loyal to their football team mainly because _______.

   A. it brings joy and excitement to their life   B. they could always count on it

   C. it can increase the car production        D. they could see hope in it

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