C

       In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War I and started austerity (紧缩) programs to reduce their imports.The result was a sharp drop in farm prices.This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, because farmers were no longer self-sufficient.They were paying for machinery, seed, and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer goods.The prices of the items farmers bought remained constant, while prices they received for their products fell.These developments were made worse by the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1939s.

       In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, the Federal Farm Board was organized.It established the principle of direct interference (干预) with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability for farmers.

       President Hoover's successor attached even more importance to this problem.One of the first measures proposed by President FranklinD.Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which was later passed by Congress.This law gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use.A deliberate shortage of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices.This law was declared unconstitutional (违背宪法的) by the Supreme Court on the grounds that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of people.However, new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same result of resting soil and providing flood-control measures, but which were based on the principle of soil conservation.The Roosevelt Administration believed that rebuilding the nation’s soil was in the national interest and was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens.Later the government guaranteed loans to farmers so that they could buy farm machinery, hybrid (杂交) grain, and fertilizers.

53.What caused the problem in the demand for American farm products?

       A.The effect of the Great Depression.

       B.The shrinking of overseas markets.

       C.The destruction caused by the First World War.

       D.The increased exports of European countries.

54.The word “successor” refers to ______.

       A.President Hoover            B.US Secretary of State

       C.President Franklin           D.US Secretary of Agriculture

55.The Agricultural Adjustment Act encouraged American farmers to ______.

       A.reduce their scale of production         B.make full use of their land

       C.adjust the prices of their farm products  D.be self-sufficient in agricultural production

56.The Supreme Court rejected the Agricultural Adjustment Act because it believed that the Act ______.

       A.might cause greater shortage of farm products

       B.didn't give the Secretary of Agriculture enough power

       C.would benefit neither the government nor the farmers

       D.benefited one group of citizens at the expense of others

Pushing children too hard is a really big social problem that seems to be getting worse.Now we have 6-month-olds in music classes and swimming classes.Parents fear that if other children are attending these classes,they will be holding their own children back if they do not enroll,too.

    The other extreme,simply taking a laissez-faire approach and letting children do—or refuse to do—whatever they want,is not the answer either,of course.

    Dr Taylor emphasizes that parents need to push their children based on what is best for the children,not what is best for themselves.If children understand that an activity is in their best interests,then they will accept it, he finds.

    Dr Taylor and other family experts remain pessimistic about the possibilities for widespread social change.“The force of our popular culture,driven by money and superficial(表面上的) values,cannot be resisted,” he says.But change can take place at a“micro-level,” in families and schools.

    When changes do occur,the rewards can benefit everyone in the family.One mother supporting this new approach toward parenting mentions the advantages her family experienced after her children cut back on activities.“The biggest thing is that since we have done this,we are rested,” she says.“Not only are our kids rested,because they're not in a ton of stuff, but my husband and I are rested,because we're not driving them everywhere.We weren’t living in the moment when we were always busy.We were living by the schedule.The return on our investment of spending time together has been enormous.”

48. One of the reasons why parents push children so hard is that they        . 

   A. believe in early development in children

   B. are too busy to take care of their children

   C. don't want their children to lag behindw(w w.ks&5 u.c*o m

   D. want to repeat what their parents did to them

49. The phrase“a laissez-faire approach”(in Line 1,Paragraph 2)most probably refers to      .

   A. denying them what they need

   B. controlling children in a flexible way

   C. developing a keen interest in children

   D. letting children do whatever they want

50. The best way to encourage children to work hard is           .

   A. to make them believe it’s in their best interests

   B. to consider the matter from parents' standpoint

   C. to emphasize the importance of hard work from time to time

   D. to make it interesting and enjoyable to them

51.What the author doesn’t approve of in the essay is _______. 

   A. achieving a balance between pushing the children too hard and leaving them alone

   B. going from one extreme of pushing children too hard to the other of leaving them alone

   C. involving children in activity that will probably contribute to their development

   D. enrolling them in music and swimming classes at the very early age

52. The new approach toward parenting mentioned in the passage most likely refers to _______.

   A. relieving children’s hard work and unnecessary activity

   B. resisting the superficial values of pop culture

   C. reducing more activity off their school schedule

   D. spending more time with their children

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