First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.

   First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱)injury and paralysis(瘫痪).

   Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病)or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.

   First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim’s condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词)ABC, which stands for:

  A---Airway: is it open and clear?

  B---Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.

  C---Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding extremely? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.

First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT____.

   A. saving a victim’s life  

B. preventing a victim’s condition from getting worse.  

C. relieving a victim from pain  

D. helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury

Before we administer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us ____.

   A. to make sure what to do and what not to do

   B. to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid

   C. to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing

   D. to take him/her to a hospital at once

In administering first aid to a victim, you should first of all ____.

   A. remove him from the accident scene     B. turn him over 

C. call for professional medical help       D. examine him carefully

The purpose of the passage is to tell the reader _____.

   A. the importance of protecting the accident scene

   B. some basic facts about first aid

   C. what professional medical help is

   D. who can offer first aid

单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

根据所给的汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式

1. Everybody says it is _______________(值得的)seeing but I find nothing special about that place.

2. There was not enough_______________(证据) to prove that he stole the wallet.

3. Women were not allowed to take part in the Olympic Games in____________(古代的) times.

4. Has any Asian nation ever_______________(主办)an important soccer match?

5. He is good at_________________(计算) the cost of a trip.

6. P________________ speaking. I don’t like the way he speaks to me.

7. Wildlife p___________________ is a topic that is very important.

8.Hearing the funny story, I burst into l___________________.

9. A___________________ to a UN report, about 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.

10.It was one of the most serious accidents this year. Very few passengers s_____________ in it.

It was reported that many helicopters were sent there _________the missing passengers.

       A. in search of                     B. in need of                 C. in charge of              D. in time of

How you deal with the misfortune when faced with it can truly ____ your character. yjw

A. test                   B. examine                   C. check                       D. react

The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with _____.

A. 20 dollars remained                               B. 20 dollars to remain

C. remained 20 dollars                               D. remaining 20 dollars

In any family with more than one child, chidren seem to naturally compete for their parents’ love and attention. Parents say they love every child equally. But is that true?

       Susan, founder of a consulting firm in Chicago, interviewed 216 women and found that even though none of her questions asked directly about a parent favoring one child over another, about two-thirds of the women said there was a favored child. And they also remembered their experience when they were young. One of the women said, “My mother always liked my brother better, and he got to go to summer camp in 1968 and I didn’t.”

       Plumez, who interviewed parents with both biological children and adoptive children for an adoption book in 2008, found that what matters most is whether your temperaments(性情) are pleasing. “In some cases, parents would say they felt closer to their adopted children,” she says, “Some parents like the children with characters similar to theirs. Two people who are shy and withdrawn might get along well, unless the shy parent doesn’t like that aspect of themselves and they try to push the naturally withdrawn child to be more extroverted.”

       It could be a result of gender, birth order or how easy or difficult a child’s temperament may be, but a parent’s different treatment has far-reaching effects. Students have found that less-favored children may suffer emotionally, with decreased self-esteem and behavioral problems in childhood. Favoritism is a reason for the next generation not to like each other.

       Experts say it is not realistic to say everyone should be treated equally, because no two people are the same and they relate differently to others.

       “It does not mean that parent loves or likes one child more. It has to do with which one of them is independent,” says psychologist Laurie Kramer of the University of Illinois.

The study carried out by Susan shows that ______.

       A. showing favoritism is common in many families

       B. most mothers like their sons better than their daughters

       C. only two-thirds of the women interviewed have more than a child

       D. it is a favoritism that leads to absence of harmony in most families

The underlined word “extroverted” in the third paragraph means _______.

       A. independent              B. outgoing           C. clever               D. brave

What can we infer from the passage?

       A. Favoritism is not beneficial to the development of children

       B. Parents’ favoritism to a certain child can’t be avoided in families

       C. Parents may be favoring one of their children and don’t realize it

       D. People are very much shaped by how they were treated by their parents

What is the best title for the passage?

       A. Parents’ favoritism can affect children deeply

       B. Why do parents show favoritism to children?

       C. Parents should give attention to all their children

       D. Building a harmonious family is important to children

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误,在该行右边边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:

     此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。

     此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

     此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

    注意:原行没有错的不要改。

  I like playing football on the playground where is in   _____

the north of our school. I like them because I can play         ______

football with friends happy and we can also have matches.    ______

Although we are busy with our study, but we always         _____

sparing as much time as possible to practise. As a matter      ______

of fact, I begin playing football when I was only eight years   ____

old, and I have been good in it. I joined the school team      _____

as soon I entered senior high school. What fun it is to        _____

play football, especially on the beautiful autumn days with    ______

numbers of fallen leaf on the ground.                     ______

It was in the school ___ he studied ten years ago ____ he gave a wonderful speech.

 A. that; that  B. where; where  C .that ; where  D. where ; that

The old man used _____ in front of his house and he has got used to _______ like that.

A. to sit; doing           B. to sitting; do

C. to sit; do              D. to sitting; doing

---So I’m going to make the desk myself.

---Why ____ instead, if I may ask?

A. not buy it          B. don’t buy one           C. not buy one                     D. don’t buy it